摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between independent living skills and perceptual aberration‐magical ideation, a measure of hypothetical psychosis proneness. Interpersonal and community living skills were assessed with the Self‐Assessment Guide (SAG), a self‐report measure of interpersonal skills and relationships, leisure and financial support, as well as health, affect, and control of aggression. Problem‐solving skills were assessed with an analogue task, the Means‐Ends Problem Solving Procedure (MEPS). Hypothetically psychosis‐prone respondents reported lower levels of skills on the SAG, particularly in the interpersonal area, but did not demonstrate problem‐solving deficits on the MEPS. The results suggest a link between deficits in interpersonal independent living skills and a hypothetical predisposition to psychopathology. This indicates that skills deficits are unlikely to arise solely as secondary reactions to symptomatology, hospitalization, or otherwise disrupted community adjustment. Implications for community‐based preventive programs are

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<179::AID-JCOP2290210302>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLow‐income Latino parents constitute a vulnerable population who are underserved by traditional mental health services but difficult to recruit to more culturally sensitive community interventions. In order to identify factors that may facilitate participation, a cognitive‐motivational framework was employed to study help seeking at a school‐based mutual support group (MSG) for low‐income Latino parents. Phone interview data from 75 Latina mothers generally supported hypothesized differences between nonattenders and at tenders. Specifically, attenders initially reported (a) greater parenting stress, (b) less confidence in parenting abilities but comparable psychological coping resources, (c) less satisfaction with and greater need for social support, (d) less negative attitudes toward help seeking, and (e) more previous school involvement. A discriminant analysis revealed that need for parenting advice and prior school involvement accounted for 34% of the variance between attenders and nonattenders. Implications for enhancing program utilization are di

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<188::AID-JCOP2290210303>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis descriptive study examined issues in the employment of indigenous outreach workers (OWs) hired to deliver AIDS risk‐reduction messages to street addicts who were not in treatment. Twenty‐six projects responded to a mailed questionnaire. These projects were part of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) funded National AIDS Demonstration Research (NADR) projects. Fifty‐eight percent of the OWs hired were recovering addicts with an average of just over 2 years in recovery. Out of a total of 395 OWs hired, 61% left prior to the conclusion of the 3‐year project. Of those who left, 62% left employment within the first year. The study recognizes that OWs are “nontraditional” employees, and suggestions are given for further study and to increas

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<200::AID-JCOP2290210304>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHigh patient death rates and frequent patient re‐admissions are among the factors that contribute to experiences of grief in health care professionals working in the area of HIV/AIDS. This study of 134 Australian health care professionals examines why grief about patient loss is more likely to affect some people than others, the effect of high levels of grief on staff, and the effectiveness of methods of coping with the loss of patients. The variables examined included identification with patients, anxiety, social recognition and reward, gay affiliation, stigma, social support (belonging and tangible), stress, relationship stability, and burnout (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and lack of personal accomplishment). A regression analysis found that a group of predictors accounted for 61% of the variance in grief scores. The results indicated that grief was associated with higher levels of identification with patients and anxiety. Higher levels of grief were associated with burnout due to lack of personal accomplishment. Lower levels of grief were associated with burnout related to depersonalization. Reliance on internal coping strategies and social support‐belonging were associated with lower levels of grief. Results suggest that staff should be taught ways of separating their work and private lives to reduce the risks of overidentification with patients. Teaching techniques for reducing anxiety, providing support groups for staff, and encouraging the use of coping strategies that emphasize personal agency could reduce the intense feelings of grief experienced by m

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<210::AID-JCOP2290210305>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHispanic high school students at low or high risk for drop out were followed up 1 year after their expected graduation date. Low‐risk students completed school at a significantly higher rate than high‐risk students. In addition, analysis of original predictor variables indicated graduated students' greater satisfaction with school compared with nongraduates. Implications for promoting high‐risk students' successful high school completion are disc

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<218::AID-JCOP2290210306>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA fundamental goal of the continuum of care concept is high correspondence between child dysfunction and program intrusiveness. Yet the small body of relevant research has identified major discrepancies. We used the Child Behavior Checklist to compare entry‐level behavior problems of children from five child mental health programs sequenced in order of level of intrusiveness: Outpatient clinic, parent training, intensive family preservation services (IFPS), residental care, and inpatient hospitalization. Our results contrast with existing research by showing correspondence between level of child dysfunction and program intrusiveness. A possible reason for our contrasting results is that we included a larger number of mental health programs than were used in previous studies. These results are important because they reflect the continuum of care concept being put into practice and support the assertion that increasing mental health options with alternative community mental health programs increases the chances of appropriate treatment for children in troubl

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<227::AID-JCOP2290210307>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study employed a pre‐post, two‐group design to evaluate the effects of an educational/community‐based retailer intervention on retailer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to tobacco sales to minors. In addition, the association between retailer behavior change and knowledge/attitude change was investigated. Results showed positive pre‐post changes in intervention retailers' knowledge and behavior, and moderate shifts in attitudes. However, the association between behavior change and changes in knowledge and attitudes was minimal. Results are discussed in terms of other possible mechanisms that may have contributed to the increased effort among retailers to restrict tobacco sales to minors in their comm

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<234::AID-JCOP2290210308>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe eight studies reported in last year's OSAP Special Issue of this journal are reviewed. The contribution evaluation research is making to improving substance abuse prevention is assessed based on these studies and found wanting. Additional data from the eight studies are highlighted, suggesting that learning useful to program designers and practitioners was occurring in these projects even if research has been unable to demonstrate that fact. Social scientists who have addressed the relationship of research to practice in general are introduced. An alternative methodology drawn from work on the quality of work life in Scandinavia is summarized, and implications for the design of efforts to improve substance abuse prevention are drawn.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<246::AID-JCOP2290210309>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<256::AID-JCOP2290210310>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199307)21:3<::AID-JCOP2290210301>3.0.CO;2-1

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY