摘要:

AbstractThe goal of this study was to compare the psychosocial adjustment of 70 immigrant mothers and their children from Mexico and countries in Central America. In particular, we traced the effects of political violence on Central American refugee families and domestic violence on resettled Mexican women and children. Mothers and children were interviewed about political and domestic violence they had witnessed and experienced, and their current mental health, including symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder. Central American refugee children appeared indistinguishable on mental health indices from Mexican children residing in violent homes. Both groups of children had elevated psychological symptoms when compared to Mexican immigrant children from nonviolent backgrounds. Central American mothers were most likely to meet the clinical criteria of post‐traumatic stress disorder. We examined whether the mothers' post‐traumatic stress symptoms, fathers' demise, or general stressors mediated the effects of violence on the children's mental health. The overall effects of war on children are mediated by maternal mental health and the specific associated risk of having lost a father to violent death. Mexican immigrant children were additionally affected by their mothers' employment. Our findings show similar effects on children of growing up with different forms of vio

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<95::AID-JCOP2290230202>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA total of 146 married inhabitants (67 men and 79 women) in a provincial city of Japan were interviewed to examine marital adjustment and its psychosocial determinants. Fifteen items of the Short Marital Adjustment Test (Locke&Wallace, 1959) (LWT), a self‐rating questionnaire, were transformed into a semi‐structured interview together with two new items. Factor analysis yielded five factors which were interpreted as dyadic consensus, satisfaction, flexibility, home‐loving, and interest‐sharing. Better marital adjustment in women was correlated with higher standard of living, lower neuroticism, and a more caring father, whereas in men it was correlated with lower psychoticism and a more caring mother. Longitudinal studies are needed to throw more light on the determinants of marital adj

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<117::AID-JCOP2290230203>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsychotherapy use and depression among AIDS caregivers were examined with two waves of data from a panel survey of caregivers in Los Angeles and San Francisco (N= 472). Both were studied as outcomes driven by an array of determining factors (e.g., caregivers and care recipient health; care‐related stress). AIDS caregivers exhibited relatively high rates of psychotherapy use (31% reported using at the time of initial interview). Care‐ related stress did not significantly predict the use of psychotherapy in either the baseline or longitudinal analyses. Instead, the health status, relationship, and living arrangements of the caregiver and the care recipient were the important correlates of psychotherapy use. Factors affecting depression over the course of caregiving were caregiver health status and care‐related stress, particularly secondary stressors which arise as a consequence of, but not directly due to, caregiving. Thus, although the stressors of caregiving do not prompt the use of psychotherapy, they clearly led to an elevation in symptoms of depression, which is associated with psychotherapy use. Findings regarding the relation of psychotherapy to changes in depression over the course of caregiving also are disc

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<127::AID-JCOP2290230204>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a new challenge to health care professionals. During the last decade, scientists have (a) created diagnostic criteria for CFS, (b) devised CFS assessment approaches, (c) collected CFS epidemiological data, and (d) formulated CFS treatment approaches. The CFS diagnostic criteria identify a subpopulation of individuals with this disorder, and those individuals might have a greater tendency to have psychiatric comorbidity. In addition, the initial CFS epidemiological data collected might have underestimated the prevalence of this disorder. If current estimated prevalence rates of CFS are inaccurate, these estimates could have detrimental public policy implications. Health care professionals need to assume a larger role in defining this syndrome, in developing more sensitive research strategies for collecting data with CFS samples, in conceptualizing more complex theories for understanding this disease, in conducting more rigorous CFS epidemiological research, and in devising more comprehensive treatment approaches for CFS.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<143::AID-JCOP2290230205>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<165::AID-JCOP2290230206>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis empirical study examines the behavioral sequelae of acculturation strains among Latino adolescents in home ans school settings. Two theoretically derived hypotheses are tested. First, low acculturation Latinos experiencing strains associated wsith rapid cultural and language transitions will have more behavior problems reported by their parents and teachers. Second, highly acculturated Latinos reporting more acculturation strains. associated with perceptions of prejudical treatment and internalization of inority status will have more behavior problems reported by aprents and teachers. The data were taken from the self‐reports of 2,360 adolescents in the greater Miami (Florida) area, ans their teacher ans parent reports. problem behaviors were measured using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Teacher Report Form. Strain measures included language conflicts, acculturation conflicts, perceived discrimination, and perception of a closed society. Results indicated general confirmation of both hypotheses. Among immigrant adolescents only language confilicts were associated with reported behavior problems reported by teachers and parents. Among the U.S. born, language conficts, perceived discrimination, and perceptions ofa closed society were associated with behavior problems reported by teachers but not by parents. The central finding is that both immigrant and nonimmigrant Latino adolescents are likely to experience a variety of acculturative strains in the school setting that may affect role performance and lower educational aspiration

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<167::AID-JCOP2290230207>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199504)23:2<::AID-JCOP2290230201>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY