摘要:

This article compares changes in the education and career paths of senior federal civil servants in Canada between 1967 and 1987. It shows that there has been a marked trend toward managers with less formal education than had previously been the case and also a shift toward managers with less experience in the policy areas within which they are responsible for providing policy advice and program management. This finding is consistent with Osbaldeston's study of Canadian deputy ministers, and with studies of bureaucratic elites in other Western democracies. In an increasingly complex environment, problems facing government decision‐makers require high levels of technical expertise. This requirement is central to Weber's concept of bureaucracy, and it has been used as an explanation for the increasing prominence of bureaucrats in the policy‐making process. In recent decades, however, bureaucratic reforms have emphasized the administrative functions of senior managers at the expense of their technical roles. In Canada, at least, this process appears to have gone so far that it may have seriously compromised the capacity of senior civil servants to give informed advice and to make knowledgeable decisions about the policies and programs of their departme

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines political, institutional and economic influences on monetary policy in the long run. A monetary policy reaction function is estimated, which focuses principally on the influence of the administration, Congress and the Federal Reserve on outcomes; these influences are estimated together with a variety of economic and political controls. The findings show that partisan control of the White House is particularly important in explaining variations in the growth of the quantity of money over time. Republican control of the White House is associated with tighter money, and Democratic control with looser money, but there are exceptions. Finally, the indirect influence of partisanship on the economic variables in the reaction function suggest that the total effects are stronger than the direct effects alone.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The perspective of public administration potentially carries great relevance for the development of theory concerning federal systems. However, the impact of each specialty on the other has often been uneven. Reasons for this state of affairs are explored. Some recent and current research on public administration is highlighted for its implications regarding the study of federalism.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Curiously, few studies of the Latin American chief executive lend shape to the corpus of scholarly journals. What does exist concerning the presidency in Latin America consists largely of chapters in country studies covering formal‐legal aspects of presidential power. Missing are examinations of the philosophical, intellectual, cultural and historical bases of presidential power. The paucity of research concerning the executive as it relates to the intellectual history and cultural milieu of Latin America is more confounding when it is readily apparent that Latin American pensadores have thought and written extensively about the presidency. Intellectual elites have played a major role as the vanguard of political and social movements in Latin America. This survey explicates and analyzes the intellectual and cultural roots of presidential power in Latin America in order to understand the institution's authoritarian propensitie

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Every president bestows upon his successors a “legacy” that will have an impact on both policy issues and institutional operations. Although attention is commonly focused on the president's role as a policymaker, he serves as an institution builder, as well, leaving a legacy that is manifested in long‐term developments, in technical details of managing the job, and in patterns of interaction with other actors in the political environment. Reagan's institutional legacy has been the subject of intense debate and is addressed here in relation to five vantage points as they were employed during his eight years in office: personnel, structure, standard operating procedures, modes of exercising influence, and norms. These dimensions are examined in relation to the presidency, the bureaucracy, Congress, and the judiciary.Reagan's departures in the selection and management of executive and judicial branch personnel were the most distinctive features of his legacy. Important changes were also made in the regulatory review and budgetary processes. Politicization and centralization, two long‐term developments in the presidential office, gained renewed vigor, and Reagan elaborated a judicial strategy for achieving policy goals while refining the administrative strategy pioneered earlier by Nixon. Serious damage may well have been done to the norms of public service and justice under the rule of law. The framework introduced here promises to help scholars deal more systematically with the institutional impacts of both past and future pre

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviews in this article:Authority and Change: The Sources of Economic Growth.By JUDITH MARQUAND.The Centralization‐Decentralization Conundrum: Organization and Management in the Canadian Government.By PETER AUCOIN and HERMAN BAKVIS.Between Profit and State: Intermediate Organization in Britain and the United States.By ALAN WARE.In Pursuit of National Interests: Australian Foreign Policy in the 1990s.Edited by F. A. MEDIANSKY AND A. C. PALFREEMAN.Comparative Policy Research — Learning from Experience. Edited by MEINOLF DIERKES, HANS N. WEILER AND ARIANE BERTHOIN ANTAL.Political Economy of Economic Policy.By WILFRED L. DAVID.Innovation Through Technical and Scientific Information: Government and Industry Cooperation.By STEVEN BALLARD, THOMAS E. JAMES, JR., TIMOTHY I. ADAMS, MICHAEL D. DEVINE, LANI L. MALYSA, AND MARK

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1990.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY