摘要:

This article examines some basic assumptions about the nature of political institutions, the ways in which practices and rules that comprise institutions are established, sustained, and transformed, and the ways in which those practices and rules are converted into political behavior through the mediation of interpretation and capability. We discuss an institutional approach to political life that emphasizes the endogenous nature and social construction of political institutions, identities, accounts, and capabilities.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Negotiated access to markets through the internationalization of business framework rules is of increasing importance. The article examines the political‐economic factors that are contributing to, but also setting limits on, the greater internationalization of one such aspect of policy—competition policy. It analyzes whether internationalizing forces are likely to transform existing international arrangements in competition policy matters from those of a loose regime to that of a fully fledged international institutional system. The latter could be represented by recent proposals for an International Antitrust Authority. The four factors examined are: conflicting ideas about competition policy; the exercise of political power by nation states and business; the roles and stances of international agencies; and democratic concerns about the accountability, representativeness, and transparency of competition policy institutions.The analysis concludes that future forms of institution‐building at the international level of competition policy are important. This is so because, if lejt totally as a set of international regimes, competition policy may be arranged to an excessive degree in the interests of business power or in the interests of one or more dominant coun

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article uses the case of health insurance policy in the United States ahd Canada, to ty to explain how particular state‐societal patterns of intermediation unfold, become institutionalized and effect quite different policy strategies. It begins by outlining the importance of formal political and administrative institutional structure in the exercise of autonomous state action. It then examines the concepts of policy community and policy network as state‐specific vehicles of interest intermediation and finally, it grounds the theoretical discussion in a comparative description of the evolution of health policy in the United States and Canada. It concludes that to a great extent, we are the prisoners of our institutions—both political and societal—and without fundamental change, necessitating major upheaval, the United States is unlikely to embrace a national health insurance program similar to other western

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article examines the impact that the internationalization of jnance has had on the regulation of domestic securities markets in Japan and Britain. In particular, it seeks to explain the apparent incompatibility of two distinct trends: deregulation (and state retreat) on the one hand, and increased regulation and state involvement in markets on the other.Much of the literature about the efects of internationalization on domestic policymaking has drfjculty explaining these two distinct regulatory frends. First, there has been no uniform “competition in regulatory laxity.” Second, the United States does not appear to have exerted hegemonic influence over outcomes. Finally, domestic‐level explanations which deny the importance of systemic‐level influences on domestic policy choices are unable to explain the similarity of policy choices undertaken by governments with very different regulatory traditions.I argue instead that regulatory reforms have been undertaken primarily for the benefit of a particular set of private economic actors—mobile consumers of financial services, including both holders of liquid investment capital and large multinational borrowers. Internationalization has systematically strengthened their influence over the policymaking process by making “exit” from one political marketplace to another a more realistic and more potent bargaining strategy than the alternative of exerc

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviews in this article:Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in A Global Economy. By David Vogel.Jacques Delors and European lnfegration. By George Ross.Strategic Disagreement: Stalemate in American Politics. By John B. Gilmour.The Disposable Work Force: Worker Displacement and Employment Instability in America. By Thomas S. Moore.Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage. By David Card and Alan B. Krueger.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY