摘要:

This article focuses on new patterns of territorial governance in the aftermath of the 1982 decentralization reforms in France. The traditional “cross regulation” model developed by the Crozier school is wrong to assume culturally grounded stalemate and to suggest that local political power is nothing more than the informal access of local elites to national policymaking. Analyzing the policy of technopoles or science park development, both nationally and by way of detailed local case studies of Montpellier and Rennes, we demonstrate that, on the contray, French local and regional authorities have risen progressively to independent loci of governmental power and policymaking. Local policy initiatives are, however, embedded in a multi‐level institutional fabric ranging from the local to the European level. These developments in center‐periphery relations need to be placed into the context of the general decline of the traditional French public policy model, which has been stiffly challenged by the norms of market, Europe and subsidiarity. In conclusion, a comparative and interorganizational perspective suggests that France is moving toward a territorial system increasingly characterized by the dynamics of intergovernmental conflict and cooperation and best described as “quasi‐federalism in unitar

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the Mitterrand years, successive governments' policies of deregulation and privatization have progressively deprived the state of many of its traditional interventionist instruments. As a result of this, as well as of the internationalization of world trade and the economic integration of Europe, French business has become more independent of the state as well as more interdependent. With these changes in both business and government have come a concomitant transformation in French policymaking processes, such that the traditionally heroic government policies formulated absent business input have been succeeded by more everyday ones, where business for the most part leads and government follows.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article critically examines the key assumptions of the positive theory of political control. The authors argue that the key assumptions of the theory are flawed and that these flaws seriously limit the importance of much research in the field of regulatory studies. The authors develop a set of new assumptions which would reorient the regulatory studies and force researchers to give greater attention to the role of the bureaucracy in political‐bureaucratic relation

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The “new” institutionalisms” in rational choice and historical analysis are being applied with increasing sophistication and accuracy to the study of European Community governance. The basic premise of such institutional approaches is that EC institutions, once created, “take on a life of their own,” acting as independent or intervening variables between the preferences and power of the member governments on the one hand, and the ultimate policy outputs of EC governance on the other. The challenge for institutionalist theory consists in constructing a precise analytical tool‐box that will allow us to make specific predictions about the ways in which, and the conditions under which, EC institutions may exert such an independent causal influence. EC institutions matter, I suggest, insofar as they: lend stability to an existing institutional structure; shape any subsequent amendment of those institutions; allow individual member governments to be outvoted by qualified majority; cause member states to lose control of events through lock‐ins; and subject member governments to the actions of supranational agents whose behavior they can control onl

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Malta's latest round of administrative reform has produced mixed results. While it has achieved more than any previous initiative, vital elements of the reform program have not been carried out and results have fallen short of initial expectations.The reform initiative yields a number of lessons, some of which have already been brought to light—the need to keep the reform agenda small, the need for sustained political backing—and others which are less well known, such as the difficulty of creating an effective authority to direct reform, and the drawbacks to giving reform agencies lavish funding and a high prof

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book review in this article:The Clinton Presidency: First Appraisals. By Colin Campbell and Bert Rockman, eds.The Myth of Democratic Failure: Why Political Institutions Are Efficient. By Donald Wittman.Agenda for Excellence 2: Administering the State. B. Guy Peters and Bert A. Rockman, eds.From Art to Politics: How Artistic Creations Shape Political Conceptions. By Murry Edelman.Election Campaigning: The New Marketing of Politics. By Dennis Kavanagh.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY