ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A sustained, steady economic development and a stable, prosperous society cannot come about by focusing only on the formulation of concrete social and economic policies. Increased attention and priority should be given to the reform of the state apparatus itself, especially of the policymaking and implementation process. Administrative structural reform, particularly China's practice of adjusting organizational structure and transforming government functions and management processes, is an example of the efforts to explore strategies and approaches for the conduct of administrative restructuring and enhancing bureaucratic performance in developing countries.This article discusses three questions: first, the necessity of adjusting the government organizational structure and rationalizing the administrative policymaking mechanism, as well as some practices in China; second, transforming government management processes towards adapting to the changing social and economic environment in developing countries, e.g., describing what has been done by China in order to change direct and micro‐management; and third, concentrating on improving efficiency and productivit

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The strategy of professionalization which is a multi‐pronged system aimed at efficient, effective, and responsive delivery of government services is the current thrust of the Civil Service Commission (CSC). As such, a package of personnel reform measures is instituted by the Commission which includes the pursuit of merit, competence and performance; development and institutionalization of positive attitudes, ethical conduct and behavior; motivation through an integrated system of rewards and punishments; continuing human resource development; and the encouragement of public sector unionism.Relevant issues on the professionalization thrust have been raised: (1) since the strategy of professionalization rests more on administrative controls, will the effort bring about increased bureaucratization and routinization instead (or the issue of professionalization vs. bureaucratization)? (2) are the policies coming from diverse sources like the CSC, Department of Budget and Management, Office of the President, and Congress — to mention a few — fully coordinated so as to produce convergent rather than divergent results? (3) is the government really sincere on the issue of public sector unionism since it denies the unions their basic rights to strike and bargain collectively for better pay and working conditions?There is a need to assess further the current efforts toward professionalization to find out if the Commission is really moving toward its avowed goals of deregulation, decentralization and managerial and professional discretion rather than becoming more routinized or bureauc

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article attempts to define and highlight the concept and context of administrative reform efforts in Malaysia. It describes changes and reforms in the civil service that are on‐going processes along with the search for efficiency, effectiveness, economy and accountability that never ends. Reform efforts in Malaysia can be grouped into two phases: the period of rapid economic growth in the 1960s and 1970s which required development administration and institution building, and the period from 1985 to the present which necessitates the consolidation and qualitative upgrading of the machinery of government. The administrative reform experiences are uniquely Malaysian efforts to respond to the Malaysian socio‐political environment and ne

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bangladesh has recently experienced a number of administrative, institutional, structural and policy reforms which have attempted to recast the modalities of the public delivery system and address the perennial issues of “efficiency, effectiveness and productivity” in the public administration system. A number of these reform packages have called for drastic changes in the mode of governmental operations/processes as well as in institutional arrangements.In this article, the author has reviewed such reform efforts and their impact on the overall public administration training curriculum and academic programs of the training institutions as well as with the universities in Bangladesh. The entry–level training packages have not adequately covered the critical areas that have been highlighted by the different reforms. The article concludes with a suggestion to review all entry–level training programs and identify some thematic areas to make the training programs “practical, pro–active and action–oriented.” A close collaboration between the universities and the public administration training institutions is also stron

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Administrative science studies have thrived in China, motivated by the new reforms and opening up to the outside world during the last decade. Both professional public servants and academicians are greatly interested in the studies of administrative reforms. In fact, reform has become the theme of the development of administrative science during the last decade and outlines the framework of administrative reform in China. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of Chinese administrative reform through a general introduction and discussion of the main research problems in administrative science.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This collection of articles is yet further evidence of an emerging consensus around the world of the need to improve the performance of the public sector. This is happening across countries at different stages of development, with widely divergent cultures and different forms of economic organization. Gu Jiaqi, in discussing reform in China, refers to the public demanding that governments act with fewer inputs and with best outcomes. The recently published book, Reinventing Government, which appears to have captured the attention of both law–makers and the bureaucracy in the US (with some good reason), notes that Americans are demanding “more performance for less money” (1992, 2). In Australia, administrative reform was launched under the umbrella of a Financial Management Improvement Program which sought to change attitudes in the public sector to be much more concerned with outcomes and constantly relate these outcomes to the resources being applied to achieving them.There seems to be little doubt that there is a common language in the area of results. While this is of considerable interest, of greater interest is the variety of means that are being pursued to achieve these ends. This note raises some questions about the compatibility of some of the means and the ends. It suggests that some of the means identified in these articles may be counter–pro

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the 1980s many developing and newly industrializing countries in Asia expressed great interest in administrative reform. Compelling reasons for public reform in these nations arise from causes different from those in developed nations. Among Asian developing nations, government reform is intrinsic to and inextricable from crises in governance. Within the context of developing politics, a reliable and competent government is sine qua non of national stability; and, more importantly, this largely decides the tenure of a governing group. Its ability to remain in power will be determined by the efficaciousness of public authority. Against these backgrounds, this article discusses the five conference papers of the Eastern Regional Organization of Public Administration (EROPA) of 1991. It examines both similarities and differences among four countries in their efforts to reform public administration. This review suggests that in developing Asia, the quest for administrative reform emanates from crises in governance. Reform goes beyond exploring ways to improve the quality of public management.

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To listen to the critics, one would think that the nation's social welfare programs were an abject failure–ungovernable, unaffordable, and undesirable. But though widely believed by Americans of every political persuasion, the perception of failure is false. As the authors demonstrate, America today has all the institutions of a mature welfare state, while still regarding “welfare statism” with deep suspicion. The authors seek to explain this paradox and to set the record straight about the actual workings and accomplishments of the nation's welfare programs – social security, public assistance, and medical care –and it shows that the gloom and doom that surround so much public discussion in this area stems from simple, attractive–and false–ideas about what these programs are and how they work. Above all, they argue that American social welfare policy has been shaped by certain enduring commitments which most Americans believe in whether they real

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Idea Brokers: Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite.By JAMES ALLEN SMITH.The Political Failure of Employment Policy 1945–1982.By GARY MUCCIARONI.The Politics of Public Spending in Canada.By DONALD J. SAVOIE.The Organization of Hypocrisy. Talk, Decisions and Actions in Organizations.By NILS BRUNSSON.Conflict and Rhetoric in French Policymaking.By FRANK R. BAUMGARTNER.Affirmative Talk, Affirmative Action: A Comparative Study of the Politics of Affirmative Action.By AUGUSTUS J. JONES, J

ISSN:0952-1895    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY