ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractArchaeological site interpretation can be enhanced by consideration of related geological and geomorphological processes. Lake Superior has a history of glaciation, isostatic recovery, and water‐level change. Two examples are given of shoreline sites at which interpretation is enhanced by an understanding of local geologic factors. The archaeologic history of the Lake Superior basin is reviewed, and three cultural traditions are recognized; (1) Paleoindian, (2) Archaic, and (3) Woodland. Three significant factors of geologic history are then discussed: (1) ice margin oscillation, (2) differential isostatic uplift, and (3) lake‐level fluctuations. The factors reducing or improving shoreline archaeological site preservation are examined, and a summary model of shoreline site distribution for the Lake Superior basin is offered. It is concluded that the north shore provides the best potential for a complete archaeological record. © 1993 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFive gabarbands (dams), components of integrated soil and water conservation systems, were investigated in the arid region of Sindh Kohistan. The dams are associated with two prehistoric Kot Dijian settlements, Phang and Kohtrash (3200–2800 B. C.). The dams were constructed with relatively permeable materials. Three of the dams, South, East, and North, close off water gaps and a strike valley, respectively, to form a detention basin. The West Dam, located on Phang Nai, upstream of the detention basin removed the coarser sediment fraction from the flows. Spring Dam, located in a water gap to the north of the detention basin, acted as a low‐head weir to distribute flow from a perennial spring onto the floodplain of Baran Nai, where double‐cropping was probably practiced. Faulting eliminated the spring, which had probably supported the Kohtrash site, and led to construction of the detection basin for the purposes of subsurface storage of detained flows. Association of both modern and prehistoric sites with springs suggests that there has not been appreciable climate change in Sindh Kohistan in the last 5000 years. © 1993 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the scarcity of other resources, stone assumed great importance in the culture of Easter Island. The volcanic rocks display a compositional continuum paralleled by changes in physical characteristics. The most abundant rock type, porphyritic hawaiite, was the least useful as it is poorly jointed and difficult to work. Mugearites and benmoreites usually have a flaggy structure and were used as dressed stone in the early ahu, in the houses of Orongo and in stone implements. Rhyolitic obsidian was used for scrapers, knives, and a variety of weapons, especially the tanged mataa. Statue carving reached its zenith on Easter Island largely because of the availability of a suitable rock type, the Rano Raraku tuff. The tuff was not erupted from the present Rano Raraku crater but from another vent southeast of the surviving portion of the cone. Red scoria from Puna Pau was quarried for the topknots. © 1993 John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of fossil resins from New Zealand and Australia have been compared with those of modern and semifossilized materials. The great majority of the fossilized samples have strong spectral similarities to modernAgathisresins and to North American fossil resins, which have been attributed to Agathis. TheAgathis‐related spectra are different from those of modernHymenaeaandAraucaria.A small subgroup of Late Cretaceous resins from Australia and Papua New Guinea appears to derive from a different botanical source and shows strong resemblances to Claiborne amber from Arkansas. The spectral resonances of the exomethylene carbons degrade over time and on average provide an approximate measure of the geological age ofAgathis‐related fossil resins. © 1993 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA series of electrical resistivity profiles have been acquired in eucalyptus groves during archaeological surveys performed in Portugal. The combination of the sandy soils in the region plus the presence of high growth eucalyptus trees yielded anomalous resistivity values which were extremely high and showed large variability. Other moderate and low growth trees did not show similar unusual resistivities. We conclude that extreme caution must be exercised when interpreting data from archaeological surveys associated with unusual soils or vegetation. © 1993 John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0883-6353    

DOI:10.1002/gea.3340080211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY