摘要:

We report a case of urinary retention in a women caused by a leiomyoma of the bladder. The intramural form often causes obstruction, as it is usually located near the bladder base. Treatment is surgical, and the prognosis is excellent. Therefore, cystoscopy is recommended in women with urinary retention.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281031

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bone scan is an essential method of investigation for the detection of metastases; it is also used to follow the evolution of the disease and the response to treatment in prostatic cancer. The authors tried a bone scan quantification method to better evaluate the efficiency of hormonal treatment. 28 patients were followed up by this method. Taken as a whole, quantitative scans show results very similar to those of standard scans. However, there are some differences between the two methods of interpretation. The quantitative method seems to be more effective.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281032

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Based on experience in the treatment of 627 patients with germinal testicular tumor and referring to recent literature, the age distribution (children, 3.6%, men over 50 years, 6.3%), importance and possibilities of early detection as well as sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of tumor markers, ultrasonography and X-ray examinations are described. In N0M0 stage seminomas, cure can be effected by radiotherapy in almost 100% of the cases. An alternative ‘watch policy’ is discussed. In N1–2M0 stage seminomas, cure can be achieved by irradiation in more than 90% of the cases. Primary polychemotherapy is needed in stage N3M0 or Mi as well as in stage N4M0 and N1–4M1 seminomas. Complete remission can be obtained in more than 90% of the patients if salvage operation, further chemotherapy or radiotherapy is performed in cases without complete remission after semicastration and primary chemotherapy. In N0M0 stage non-seminomas (excluding pT4 cases, choriocarcinoma, and patients with persistently elevated markers following semicastration), ‘watch policy’ has the disadvantage of requiring optimal monthly follow-ups and progression in 20% of the cases. While modified lymphadenectomy reduces the progression rate to 10% with low operative morbidity, it leads to an irreversible loss of ejaculation in 12% of the patients. With both modalities, if progression is detected, full recovery can be expected with immediate polychemotherapy. In stage N1–2M0 non-seminomas, a tumor-free condition can be obtained in close to 100% of the cases by lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. In stage N3,4 and/or M1, first primary polychemotherapy is carried out. In the case of a residual tumor this is followed by salvage operation and, if active tumor is found, by salvage chemotherapy. With this treatment, recovery can be achieved in 70–80% of the cases depending on the involvement of surrounding organs.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281033

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Electrostimulation was used to study the neuroanatomy and physiology of penile erection in dogs and monkeys. The canine spinal nuclei responsible for penile erection, identified by the retrograde horseradish peroxidase transport technique after verification of the cavernous nerves with neurostimulation, were mediolateral autonomic neurons at T12–L3 and S1–S3. The erection induced by electrostimulation of the cavernous nerves is the result of increased arterial flow, relaxation of cavernous muscles, and venous outflow restriction. Study of electrostimulation in dogs and monkeys is invaluable for the understanding of the complex neurophysiology of human penile erection.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281034

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger