摘要:

Orthophosphate was administered in a daily dose of 1.0–1.5 g to 32 patients during a median treatment period of 3.1 years. The patients were followed with repeated serum and urine analyses and KUB radiographs. Urine composition with respect to calcium oxalate supersaturation was favorably affected. There were reductions of urinary calcium (p < 0.01) and calcium/citrate quotients (p < 0.001). During the follow-up period 31 new stones were formed by 12 patients. When the rate of stone formation during treatment was compared with that during a period of similar length following diagnosis, there was no difference. On the other hand, 73 stones had formed during a period of similar length before the start of treatment. This demonstrates the problems concerning evaluation of medical prophylaxis. Four of 11 patients treated for a period longer than that expected for new stone formation continued to form stones. Stone formation was also recorded in 8 out of 15 patients with a shorter follow-up. Despite favorable biochemical effects the clinical result with orthophosphate treatment was disappointing, at least with the doses used in this stud

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281297

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dissemination of tumor cells by vascular channels seems to be enhanced by certain surgical procedures, e.g. transurethral resection of the prostate, an operative procedure commonly used in the diagnosis and management of prostatic cancer, the third biggest killer of men in the United States. Circulating tumor cells have been the subject of great controversy as they are considered to be the connecting link between the primary tumor and the hematogenously disseminated metastatic growths. Isolation and identification of tumor cells which get released into the vascular channels is somewhat complicated. We report our experience with a technique for isolating and identifying prostatic tumor cells in the circulation and briefly discuss the role of transurethral resection of the prostate in the management of prostatic cancer.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281298

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymatic activities were measured in normal renal cortical tissue and in hypernephroma. Significantly lower activities were always found in tumoral tissue than in normal renal tissue. Their respective values (mean ± SD) were: LDH, 4,333 ± 747 (normal tissue) vs. 997 ± 748 U/l (tumor); HBDH, 2,554 ± 466 vs. 387 ± 290 U/l; AST, 529 ± 109 vs. 65 ± 37 U/l, and ALT, 205 ± 45 vs. 9.9 ± 5.4 U/l. The LDH/HBDH ratio was significantly greater in tumoral (2.69 ± 0.69) than in normal tissue (1.70 ± 0.11). These results indicate that hypernephroma exhibits a low metabolic rate when compared to normal tissue. Their enzymatic activities suggest a decreased energy metabolism, predominantly of the anaerobic type, and a reduced synthesis of nonessential amino acids in the tumor. These findings could explain in part the slow growth rate of hy

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281299

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The Piezolith 2200 as an extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter uses piezoelectrically generated, high-energy sonic impulses for treatment of urinary calculi; the shock wave generator is self-focussing. Localization of concrements is performed by means of ultrasound imaging. Treatment with the Piezolith 2200 is painless for the patient and thus possible without anesthesia and analgesia. We report on 806 cases of treatment involving a total of 572 kidneys in 567 patients (561 adults, 6 children) suffering from calculi of various sizes in the renal pelvis (n = 126), calculi in the calyces (n = 384), partial (n = 24) or full (n = 19) staghorn calculi, as well as calculi in the upper part of the ureter (n = 19). In 88 % of these cases the concrements could be removed completely. Since cardiac activity is not influenced by piezoelectrically generated high-energy impulses, this procedure is particularly suited to the treatment of patients with heart problems.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281300

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With respect to different new therapeutical principles in treating the disseminated prostate carcinoma, the question arises which position has the formerly ‘classical’ oestrogen therapy – especially the one with diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate (Honvan®). One aspect of this question is represented by the clinical results so far obtained with diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate which do, however, not consider non-clinical, e.g., biochemical, pharmacokinetic, or experimental aspects. The essential clinical results of the last 30 years will be critically summarized according to the literature. Special interest is focused on the high-dose initial therapy with diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate with regard to analgetic effects. Another point of special interest is the behaviour of prostate-specific antigen during therapy courses with diethylstilbestrol-dipho

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281430

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A clinical follow-up is presented of 152 patients with newly diagnosed prostatic cancer, confirmed histopathologically and intermittently treated with Fosfestrol and bromocriptine in the last few years. The optimal dosage of Fosfestrol and bromocriptine was established on the basis of serum testosterone and prolactin levels. The reduction of Fosfestrol dosage combined with bromocriptine and the intermittent administration of estrogens resulted in a prolongation of the period of sensitivity to female hormones, in a better tolerance for the drugs, and in a reduced number of side effects.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281431

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a prospective and randomized trial, 31 patients with superficial and/or CIS transitional cell carcinoma were treated by complete transurethral resection of all visible tumours, followed by instillation of 40 mg mitomycin C (MMC). The instillation time was 0.5 and 1.0 h. The resorption of MMC by the bladder wall was not influenced by the instillation time. There was no cumulative effect on MMC resorption observed in consecutive instillations. Less than 1 % of the instilled dose of MMC was resorbed. The maximum plasma concentration of MMC never exceeded 31 ng/ml. After instillation, mean percentages of MMC found in urine were 40.3 (0.5 h group) and 46.4 (1.0 h group), respectively. The only side-effects observed were chemical cystitis, contact and general exanthema. The instillation time had no influence on these side-effects. Bone marrow toxicity has not been observed.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281301

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Administration of estrogen as a treatment of patients with prostatic carcinoma has been correlated with an increase in the frequency of cardiovascular complications. The purpose of the present autopsy investigation was to study the incidence of pulmonary embolism, and to ascertain whether any relationship existed between this incidence and estrogen treatment. Reports of autopsies and clinical records of patients with prostatic cancer in all stages who died at the Malmö General Hospital from 1973 to 1982 were individually reviewed. The incidence of pulmonary embolism serious or not serious was recorded. Thromboembolic risk factors have been registered: stage of the tumor, other malignant disease, age and weight of the patient, duration of bed rest and operation before death, and, finally, type and duration of estrogen treatment. The role of treatment with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate as a thromboembolic risk factor will be discussed

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281432

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Urethral stone la a rare clinical entity and usually encountered in men with urethral stricture or diverticulum. They are exceedingly rare in females secondary to the low incidence of vesical calculi and short urethra. We report a very rare case of a primary giant calculus in a urethral diverticulum of a female.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281302

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An unusual case of synchronously arising renal cell carcinoma and seminoma testis is presented. A literature review revealed six similar cases. The likelihood of a chance coincidence is discussed.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281303

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger