摘要:

The level of mRNA expression and DNA structure of c-H-ras were examined in a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) induced in C3H/He mice and Fisher rats by N-(4,5-nitro-2-furylthiazolyl)formamide (FANFT) and carried as serially transplanted tumors. Neither amplification nor gross rearrangements were detected by Southern analysis in the FANFT tumor. Increased expression of c-H-ras was detected by Northern and in situ hybridization in both the FANFT-induced mouse and rat TCC, as compared to normal urothelium. No expression of six other cellular oncogenes was detected in the tumor. It appears that the increase in H-ras expression in the FANFT tumor is specific to this oncogene and that increased expression of the H-ras gene may play a role in bladder carcinogenesis.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281983

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The high incidence of metastatic bone disease in urological cancer makes it necessary for clinicians to look for a valid experimental model to investigate the basic interactions between cancer cells and bone in order to improve the treatment. A new model of bone resorption was defined, namely the subcutaneous injection of tumor cell suspensions of serially transplanted renal cell carcinoma in nude mice after disruption of the periosteum of the calvaria. The tumor induced osteolysis associated with osteoclast proliferation with reactive bone formation. The X-p film from nude mice calvaria showed the same multiple osteolytic punched-out lesions as those of the patient’s skul

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281985

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Oral administration of ethylene glycol to rats, and the resultant intratubular depositions of microcrystals of calcium oxalate were studied investigating the influences of dietary calcium or magnesium and assessing the protective efficacies against the crystallizations by treatment with phytin and sodium citrate. With increase of calcium intake and consequent increase of urinary calcium excretion there was a marked increase in the amount of tubular deposit of calcium oxalate crystal and in the calcium content of renal tissue. Although magnesium deficiency accelerated renal tubular calcium oxalate deposition, the protection against the crystal formation was not observed with excessive dietary magnesium. When rats were fed a high-calcium diet supplemented with phytin, a significant inhibition of the intratubular crystallization was observed. It appeared obvious that a hypocalciuric action of phytin was attributed to the effect of the prevention. There was vigorous protection of crystal formation by treatment with sodium citrate, which correlated with the level of citrate concentration in the drinking water.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281987

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In an open comparative study 400 patients with urinary tract infections were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. In 202 patients an immune stimulation against uropathogenic bacteria was produced with a new preparation, SolcoUrovac®, and only in exceptional cases with pronounced symptomatology was antibiotic therapy given, while in the control group (n = 198) all patients were treated with nitrofurantoin or with another appropriate antibiotic, according to the antibiogram. In the subsequent 12-month observation period 28 infections occurred in 23 patients of the immune-stimulated group and 84 in 47 patients of the control group. This difference is statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001). The preventive effect of the SolcoUrovac therapy was particularly impressive in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections. Thirty-two patients from each group with similar case histories, as matched pairs, were evaluated separately. The relapse rate in the 12-month observation period amounted to 2 re-infections in the group treated with immunotherapy and to 29 in the control group. All side-effects were recorded. No adverse effects were observed in pregnant women or in their offspri

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281988

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The prevalence, pathogenesis and clinical aspects of bacterial infections of the female urinary tract are described and the efficacy of therapies used at present is discussed. Based on a retrospective compilation of data on 142 female patients with urinary tract infections, the pathogen spectrum is defined and the therapeutic results achievable with antibiotics are quantified. In uncomplicated urinary tract infections a cure rate of 73% was achieved. In 12% of the cases the infection persisted, and relapses or re-infections occurred in 15% of the cases. The high proportion of unsatisfactory clinical results justifies the search for new treatment methods. The body’s own infection defence mechanisms are discussed and the possibility of stimulating the local immune reaction in the urinary tract is presented as a possible future therapeutic measur

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281989

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We developed a new device utilizing high-performance chromatography to measure urinary IgM protein in renal transplant recipients. With this device we were able to obtain a reliable result in less than 2 h, requiring much less time than using the conventional method. Urinary IgM was found in 22 of 23 posttransplantation patients (96%) during acute rejection. An increase in urinary IgM excretion was noted 2–3 days before the appearance of clinical signs of acute rejectio

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281990

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Partial obstruction of the left ureter was created in 2-day-old rats and released 2 days later. The effects were studied after 1, 2, 3 or 6 weeks. The obstruction resulted in prominent hydronephrosis, but the pelvic volume returned to normal already within 1 week after the release operation. In most of the previously obstructed kidneys there were small regions with moderately widened convoluted tubules and collecting ducts and minor areas with mild chronic pyelonephritis; these lesions were similar after 1 week as after 2–6 weeks, indicating that they were permanent. Judging from the parenchymal weight difference between the right and left kidney, there was slight reduction on the previously obstructed side at the 3rd week, balanced by hypertrophy on the contralateral side. At the 6th week the parenchymal weight reduction was no longer apparent but there was still evidence of contralateral hypertrophy. Thus, early release of the partial ureteric obstruction prevented persistent ipsilateral parenchymal weight reduction, without ensuring healing of the tissue lesions. The catch-up of parenchymal weight is probably due to the fact that the release was performed before the end of the period of postnatal nephron differentiation. Interference with this period seems to be the main cause of parenchymal weight reduction in permanent neonatal partial ureteric obstructio

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281991

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We examined 322 patients who had died of malignant lymphoma at our institute between 1958 and 1985 in order to study secondary involvement of genitourinary organs (GUO). Secondary involvement of GUO was more common in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) than in Hodgkin’s disease. The most commonly affected GUO was the kidney, which was secondarily involved in 121 out of 322 patients (37.6%). The adrenal gland was the second most commonly affected organ: 58 cases (18%) were affected by the disease and 40 of them were associated with renal involvement. Third and fourth were the urinary bladder (8.4%) and the testis (5.9%). Secondary involvement of the bladder in NHL was often accompanied with that of other GUO. Next, the relationship between metastases and histological characteristics in NHL was investigated. However, no significant correlation proved to exist between histological grade and metastases to the GU

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281993

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tumor recurrences were observed 70 times in 715 cystoscopies performed in 253 patients. The sensitivity of microhematuria to detect a tumor recurrence was 61%, the specificity 84%. The sensitivity of microhematuria increased to 90% in Tis and T2 tumors. Urine cytology showed a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of only 43%. The specificity and sensitivity of TPA was only 58% and 41%, respectively, the latter increased to 80% in Tis. 60 patients with proven tumor recurrence showed an increase of neopterine with higher tumor stage. In tumors of stage T2 and Tis serum neopterine was raised in 90% and urine neopterine in 75%. Based on these results cystoscopy, exfoliative urinary cytology and urine analysis are obligatory in the follow-up of patients with superficial bladder cancer. Because of the low specificity (29–41%) TPA and neopterine are not suitable for follow-u

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281994

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To clarify the relative importance of factors affecting the survival of patients with bladder cancer, a multivariate analysis by Cox’s proportional hazards model was performed on 264 patients initially treated from 1973 to 1984 at Nagoya University Hospital. Clinicopathological data included in the analysis were sex, age, symptoms, interval from onset of symptoms to first consultation, smoking history and tumor characteristics (location, size, number, shape, histoiogicai grade and stage). The analysis revealed that stage is the most statistically significant determinant for survival, followed by size, irritative symptoms, age and grade in this order. The model composed of the above five determinants yielded hazard ratios of: 4.6 for stage (pT2––pT4 vs. pTa––pT1 3 vs. ≤ 3 cm); 2.5 for irritative bladder symptoms (present vs. absent); 2.7 for age (70 years or more vs. younger), and 2.1 for grade (high grade vs. low grade tumors). We conclude that these findings quantitatively confirm previous clinical impressions that accurate staging of the tumors is most important for improving the prognosis of bladder cancer patients, and that each of the above five determinants should be considered when planning an effective initial treatm

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281996

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger