ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215092

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215093

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Monocytes and macrophages can be induced to produce tissue factor. Recent data suggest that macrophages make other products involved in the extrinsic coagulation pathway. These include vitamin K-dependent factors, factor X activators and a prothrombinase.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215094

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Endothelial cells (EC) in culture produce a procoagulant identified as thromboplastin when stimulated with 12–O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, phytohemagglutinin, endotoxin, thrombin, histamine or epinephrine. Inducible thromboplastin generation most likely depends on de novo synthesis of RNA and the protein component of thromboplastin, apoprotein III. It is further probably regulated by intracellular mechanisms involving cAMP, transmethylation and calcium ions. The EC thromboplastin response is enhanced in lymphocyte-EC and platelet-EC cocultures and thromboplastin becomes partly available on the cell surface. Levels of procoagulant activity are reached which clearly may be of clinical importance if similar levels appear in viv

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215095

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Complement appears to be an important system for cell activation in circulating blood. It is established that granulocytes may be stimulated through complement activation. In the present paper we propose also a central role of complement in the induction of thromboplastin synthesis in blood monocytes and endothelial cells.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215096

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thromboplastin production in human monocytes gains steadily increasing significance as a pathogenetic factor in relation to human disease. A vast variety of stimuli can cause the induction of thromboplastin synthesis in monocytes, apparently through plasma membrane perturbation. Some of the possible signal compounds conveying information from the membrane to the intracellular-responding apparatus have been studied. Available data allow the conclusion that changes in intracellular concentrations of Ca2+, cyclic nucleotides and arachidonic acid metabolites as well as transmethylation reactions are of importance and modulate the integrated response which leads to increased synthesis and insertion of apoprotein III (the protein component of thromboplastin) in the plasma membrane.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215097

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The induction of macrophage procoagulant activity by specific antigens is a close in vitro correlate of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and provides a quantitative and sensitive measure of cell-mediated immune responses. The reaction is mediated by lymphokines from activated T lymphocytes and is potentiated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Lymphokines directly activated procoagulant activity on some murine and human macrophage tumor cell line cells although others required the collaboration of T lymphocytes, in the presence of lymphokine, to express activity. Macrophages in different stages of differentiation may vary, therefore, in their response to lymphokines. Pharmacological agents which regulate DTH reactions also mediated either the ability of lymphocytes to produce macrophage procoagulant inducing factor or the response of macrophages to the factors. Histamine and an anticoagulant found on stimulated T lymphocytes may be important regulatory mediators of macrophage procoagulant activity in vivo.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215098

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Mononuclear phagocytes can be activated to develop enhanced expression of a wide range of macromolecules and mediators. Amongst these are several procoagulants, most notably thromboplastin. A variety of stimuli (particles, ligands for cell surface receptors, and some pharmacological agents) enhance procoagulant expression. We indicate that such enhancement may contribute to intra-and extravascular coagulation in several types of infections. We also point to the paucity of knowledge on the biosynthesis and intracellular transport of these procoagulants and speculate on the nature of the mechanisms involved.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215099

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cancer cells may promote fibrin formation in the tumor microenvironment through availability of procoagulant activities which are mainly of two types: tissue thrombo-plastin-like or direct activator of coagulation factor X. The pharmacological modulation of these activities could be potentially important in the control of metastasis growth. However, very limited information is available so far on this issue; it has recently been shown that the direct activator of coagulation factor X is a vitamin K-dependent activity which is depressed by warfarin treatment, not by anticoagulation with heparin or defibrinating enzymes. Whether the inhibition of this peculiar cancer procoagulant is involved in the antimetastatic activity of warfarin is a stimulating hypothesis which needs to be further substantiated.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215100

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The importance of the blood coagulation sequence as an integral part in the pathogenesis of diseases inside as well as outside the blood vessels is becoming increasingly apparent. Mononuclear phagocytes have important functions in initiation of coagulation by producing several procoagulant substances, including thromboplastin, the potent trigger of the extrinsic pathway. Increasing evidence demonstrates the clinical importance of monocyte and macrophage thromboplastin synthesis in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. This review surveys the role of monocyte/macrophage thromboplastin in relation to inflammatory diseases, cancer, disseminated intravascular coagulation and diseases of the blood vessels, thrombosis and atherosclerosis.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000215101

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger