摘要:

We investigated whether the dosage of heparin injected subcutaneously for the postoperative prophylaxis of thromboembolism influences efficacy. We considered prospective, controlled or comparative, randomized studies in which heparin was administered in a dosage of 5,000 U b.i.d. or t.i.d. subcutaneously. In major surgical procedures in general surgery, gynecology, urology and chest surgery, 2 × 5,000 and 3 × 5,000 U of heparin/day lower the frequency of postoperative deep venous thrombosis from about 30% to about one-fourth and one-third that amount, respectively. With regard to orthopedic/ traumatic surgery, in a study of only 40 patients, 2 × 5,000 U/day reduced the incidence of thrombosis by one-half. The use of the higher dosage resulted in a decrease in DVT in 5 of 7 reports, but the other two authors measured no prophylactic effect at all. Proof that subcutaneous heparin prophylaxis is also able to reduce the number of fatal postoperative pulmonary emboli has been produced only in the case of the higher dosage. In our own group of patients there is no correlation between body weight and frequency of hemorrhagic complications. In our patients there is no relation between malignant tumor as the primary disease and the occurrence of hemorrhagic complications. There is no evidence that the lower dosage causes fewer hemorrhagic complications than the higher dosa

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214327

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Heparin antithrombin III binding was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. In plasma and purified antithrombin III standard, multicomponent patterns were obtained with low concentrations of mucosal heparin. There is evidence that antithrombin III may bind more than one heparin molecule. At high heparin concentration ( > 16 U/ml), single symmetrical peaks were obtained. Serum samples showed two antithrombin HI peaks due to a decreased heparin binding of the slower peak (2.1–3.9 times), which was probably antithrombin III-activated procoagulant complexes. Heparin analogue (A 73025) also bound antithrombin III in vitro but the mobility of the peak was slower than with mucosal heparin and only a single peak was obtained in serum samples. Radioimmunoassay showed a decreased binding of antithrombin III antibody to heparin-antithrombin III complex. Venous occlusion to the forearm resulted in a slow second peak in the plasma. Heparin therapy gave rise to a double peak in the plasma antithrombin III profile and with continuous infusion, quantitative decreases were noted in all subjects studied, two of whom rethrombosed at the end of 7 days therap

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214328

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thimerosal, a sulfhydryl group inhibitor, produces in an aggregometer a decrease in optical density of normal platelet-rich plasma over a wide range of concentrations. Ultrastructural study shows that the decrease of optical density produced by thimerosal at low doses is due to a true platelet aggregation preceded by a release reaction, whereas the aggregometric curves recorded after addition of thimerosal at high doses can be attributed to marked alterations of platelet morphology. Electron microscopic study shows the presence of electron-dense material between plasma membranes after addition of a low dose, and the early rupture of membranes after a high dose. These findings support previous conclusions that thimerosal binds to plasma membranes. Thimerosal induces a release reaction, seen in ultrastructural study and revealed by measurement of 14C-serotonin release. Moreover, thimerosal-induced aggregation is independent of released ADP and of formation of intermediates of the arachidonate pathway. Thimerosal-induced platelet aggregation is inhibited neither by ADP removal nor by aspirin addition.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214329

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Heparinized human blood containing platelets labelled with 14C-serotonin and 51Cr was exposed to a polyethylene surface by rotation in Chandler loops. Both uptake of platelets on the surface and platelet aggregation in the blood occurred. More 14C- than 51Cr activity accumulated on the surface. It was demonstrated that this was due to an active uptake of 14C-serotonin by the surface-adherent platelets, which also retained their capacity to exert a release reaction.

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214330

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214331

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214332

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214333

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1424-8832    

DOI:10.1159/000214326

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger