摘要:

AbstractGeometric distortions contained in images of the meteorological satellite NOAA have been corrected using the calculated orbit values alone. Since the calculated orbit values usually contain errors, their precise corrections have been carried out using many ground control points (GCPs). If a position in the NOAA‐image coordinate corresponding to a GCP is covered by clouds, however, the correction is carried out manually by choosing another position which is not covered by clouds, since the displacement of the position is not certain. If there are many positions to correct manually, however, the time of manual operations increases, in addition to the occurrence of different values in the displacement of the position. This paper proposes an automatic correcting method of the geometric distortion. The method employs the sequential similarity detection algorithm for template matching using coastal‐line data including GCPs. For this operation, the pyramid structure is efficiently employed to increase the processing speed. A success or failure of template matching is determined automatically by using a correlation coefficient. From this result, the affine transformation coefficient is calculated so that the geometric distortion is corrected automatically. Transformations between the map coordinates, the ground‐surface coordinates, and the NOAA‐image coordinates are carried out by using the four‐point interpolation method so that their processing time is shortened. The effectiveness of this method is dem

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200801

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper considers the parallel processing system for a three‐dimensional (3‐D) image, and presents a theory for constructing the 3‐D image memory system with a parallel access function. Until now, studies have been made on the condition for the feasibility of parallel access for the assignment function (parallel access function) of the individual module. In the view of the authors, the traditional parallel access function cannot be used in the general theory of the memory module assignment. A new concept called “memory module assignment permutation” is proposed. This paper considers the following problem based on the proposed concept. A 3‐D image memory system with seven kinds of parallel access functions is to be realized, and the problem is to clarify the mathematical condition for the memory module assignment permutation. The problem is formulated and the design condition is stated. In other words, the necessary and sufficient condition is derived for the memory module assignment permutation so that the parallel access can be made for the three kinds of line‐mode (X, Y, andZaxis), three kinds of plane‐mode (perpendicular to the axis), and

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200802

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the recognition of industrial parts by image processing, one of the methods is to use the Fourier descriptor as a matching method which is invariant against rotation, expansion, contraction, and translation. This paper discusses the recognition method using the Fourier descriptor from the viewpoint of industrial applications. First, a new matching method is proposed considering the optimality and the efficiency, using, in particular, a P‐type descriptor among several Fourier descriptors. The method is to reduce the number of operations and to improve the efficiency by selecting a few coefficients with larger values from Fourier descriptors of the model, and to solve a simple algebraic equation for the object descriptor. Next, several slightly different recognition algorithms for the parts are proposed which are applicable to practical problems. Finally, the method is applied to construct an experimental system. Various kinds of automobile parts are discriminated, indicating the usefulness of the method. Further, the possibility of real‐time processing is indica

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200803

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPreviously, we reported on the experimental evaluation of multispectral image classifiers utilizing local spatial information. It was shown that the two classifiers of compound decision and adaptive classification exhibit a good performance in terms of the discrimination rate and the processing time. This paper discusses the improvements of those two methods further to improve the discrimination rate, and presents the result of experiment to indicate the effectiveness. More precisely, the following improvements were made. For the compound decision, the improved method estimates the context distribution based on the dependency of three pixels. For the adaptive classification, an extended adaptive classification is newly proposed where the adaptibility is improved by extending the region for classification to shapes other than a square. Among those, the extended adaptive classification is shown to be a highly practical method, wherein the discrimination rate is much higher than in the pixelwise classification such as Bayes decision, and it is expected to be employed widely as the standard classification method.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200804

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCentral Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., Kokubunji, Japan 185One of the most important problems in the quality inspection of printed characters, monitoring of printing devices, and evaluation of character recognition devices, is the automatic quality evaluation of the printed character for the character patterns stamped on the object surface or on a paper sheet. This paper considers the characters stamped on the surface of an electronic part such as transistor and integrated circuit, and reports on the result of comparison of defect detection methods for the automatic outlook inspection. First, properties of the stamped pattern, which is the object of inspection, are described, indicating the problems in detecting the defects such as lack, smudge and blur. Then three realizations of the defect detection are proposed: (1) a weighted matching is made with the reference pattern; (2) the reference pattern is divided spatially, and the matching is tried for the divided patterns; and (3) essential points are extracted from the core and background portions of the character, and a local pattern matching is tried. Finally, those defect detection methods are implemented on a computer, and an experiment was made for the actual stamped patterns on the transistor. The results for those methods are compared, and their effectiveness and the range of applications are indicated.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200805

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is useful in improving the efficiency of the inference execution in production systems to structure the rule set. With the increase of the scale of the rule base, however, the structuring processing itself is a great burden, thus decreasing the efficiency in development. When the knowledge base is to be developed in the sequential and trial‐and‐error programming style, the knowledge is frequently added or removed, which is a serious problem. From such a viewpoint, a function is provided in OPS5 and in other systems whereby the existing Rete network is modified incrementally when the rule is to be added or removed. There has been no detailed report, however, on such a function. This paper proposes a new structuring method by applying Rete algorithm and discussing its relation to the existing techniques. In the proposed method, the information needed for the modification of the network is derived by feeding the condition pattern composing the condition part of the rule to the current Rete network as a token. The information concerning the consistency between the added rule and the existing rules can also be obtai

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200806

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConstruction of an expert system is frequently studied in knowledge engineering. Hence, in constructing sophisticated expert systems, analysis of the human thinking process and the human memory mechanism is essential. This is because humans in the real world have problem‐solving abilities.This paper presents the expert system “MUSAS” (musical arrangement system) for musical arrangement, to study the mechanisms and processes in human problem solving. Since musical arrangements have both a theoretical and emotional side, the former being text knowledge and the latter being heuristic, text knowledge is used to propose chords.Finally, the basic construction of MUSAS is given, and the method of application of a knowledge‐based system for musical arrangement along with the system process and experimental results are pr

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200807

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVarious studies have been made on the storage and recognition problem for the two‐dimensional shape. An example is the Fourier descriptor which has a versatility in the description and recognition of the closed curve, being robust against expansion‐contraction or rotation. The usefulness of the method has been demonstrated from various standpoints. However, it is not a powerful tool for the partial shape, and little study has been done on that aspect since the contour representing a partial shape is an open curve. A method to represent the feature of the partial shape is the feature vector. In this method, the feature of the partial shape is described by a series of feature points. However, it is not for the description of a closed curve. In the method proposed in this paper: the contour is extracted from the partial image; the condition is stated for the projection shape to be detected from the contour line; and based on the derived condition, the projection shape is extracted. Then new methods for sampling and segmentation are proposed for recognizing the extracted projection shape.In the recognition of the contour line to be extracted in this paper, a new and simple method is proposed based on the concept of the feature vector. By the proposed method, the open curve of the partial shape is represented, and the recognition is performed by examining the matching to the model. It is shown that the proposed method can well recognize and process the partial shape of the machine part on an assembly l

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200808

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe range image measured by the structured light projection has a merit in that the high‐density three‐dimensional data of the object can be obtained with a high speed, in a stable way and without ambiguity, independently of the smoothness of the object. In this study, a high‐speed driven structured light projector is realized by applying a liquid crystal shutter to the projection system. By incorporating the technique with the Gray code pattern projection spatially coded three‐dimensional measurement system, a highspeed range‐imaging system (Liquid Crystal Range Finder) is constructed. For the liquid crystal range finder, several elaborations are presented, such as stabilization of the measurement and improvement of the accuracy. As to the stabilization, a projection pattern extraction method is developed which excludes the effect of the texture of the object surface or the effect of the environmental illumination, using two complementary projection patterns. As to the improvement of the accuracy, the following elaborations are made. A double‐precision pattern is generated by shifting the liquid crystal shutter by a half‐pitch, utilizing the feature of Gray code pattern. The projector coordinate is determined with a high accuracy by the interpolation of the spatial code and the interpolation of the projection pattern boundary based on the gray level of the pixel. The usefulness of those techniques is demonstrated by actua

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200809

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents the design principle of PARAGRAM, which is being developed for the parallel processing description for numerical simulation. The specification for the language is outlined, and the result of applying the language to the description of the actual problem is presented. The proposed language aims primarily at the following. The programmer is asked to indicate the parallelism inherent to the problems in the lumped system such as structural analysis and network analysis, and the particle problems such as neutron transport. This facilitates the mapping to the parallel computer architecture to be employed. The productivity and the maintainability of the program are improved by the simplicity of the description. Usually, different types of parallel processings are required for the lumped system and the particle system. In the former, the array‐oriented parallelism often is observed, for example, the calculation of elements in the sparse matrix and the linear calculation using the sparse matrix. In the latter, the procedure‐oriented parallelism often is observed based on the processing for each particle. The declaration function for the structure of various sparse matrices as well as the operation description based on the logical structure are employed for the former. The definition function for the particle density and probability distribution for the Monte Carlo particle system, as well as the parallel execution control block function for the simulation, are provided for the latter. As a result of applying the proposed language to the parallel processing description of the actual problem, it was verified that the description lines can be reduced by 23 to 62 percent from the traditional serial processing FORTRAN, indicating that the language is useful in the clear description, thereby improving the descriptive po

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690200810

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY