摘要:

AbstractMutual multicast is a communication pattern in which each node in a group sends a message to any other node in that group. Thisn‐to‐ncommunication pattern is required in various cases of distributed processing, and an efficient realization of the pattern is needed.This paper proposes a two‐stage mutual multicast technique in which mutual multicast is executed by two stages of the submulticasts through distributed control. Ordinary mutual multicast is executed in one stage. But two‐stage multicast can carry out a communication with fewer messages and in a shorter time if the submulticast destination node sets are approximately set in each stage.When there arennodes, single‐stage multicast requiresn(n‐1) messages and a time of 2(n‐1) if all communications are carried out as one‐to‐one message communications; but two‐stage mutual multicast requires only 2n⌈√n⌉ and a time of 4⌈√n⌉. In LANs, such as Ethernet, the multicast function is provided by the MAC sublayer. When this function is available, the two‐stage mutual multicast procedure can carry out a communication in a time of 2(⌈√n⌉+1), which compared with

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240601

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Hough transform is an effective method for detecting figure elements in images corrupted by noise. Voting on the feature points in the image space is performed in the parameter space, after which the points in the parameter space with many votes are focused on in order to detect the figure elements. In the Hough transform, the parameter space is partitioned into elements called cells where the votes are accumulated. However, when the subject is a digital image, if the parameter space is not sampled appropriately, a bias arises in the number of votes accumulated in the cells. In this paper, we present a sampling method for the parameter space that does not produce distortion in the ρ–θ parameter space used in line detection, and we construct a γ–ω space where no bias in the number of votes arises even when sampling is uniform. The γ–ω parameter space corresponds to the ρ–θ parameter space and has the features of no bias in the number of votes and voting loci, which are segmented lines. In addition, the characteristics of the γ–ω parameter space, where the feature points and voting loci are easily converted from one to the other, are used, and a verification method for the line segments is proposed that does not scan the image space again. By combining the line detection method that uses the γ–ω parameter space and this verification method, stable line det

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmbiguous figures are visual stimuli which are interpreted multiply by the human visual system.This paper proposes a model which disambiguates ambiguous figures. The model that was formulated was based on the characteristics of visual information processing, accompanied by selective attention.In the ambiguous figure “my husband and my father‐in‐law,” it was necessary to simulate visual information processing so that attention was directed to the multiple features in the figure to disambiguate the ambiguous figure.Pictures obtained from the model were examined as to whether or not they were interpreted unambiguously. Results show that the model simulating selective attention can disambiguate the ambiguous figures. This suggests that the image per se, viewed through selective attention, becomes unambiguous before the figure is interpreted at the higher level. The results show also that the computer simulation of selective attention would make it possible to examine factors affecting the initial interpretation of the

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmune systems, like neural systems, have a highly sophisticated capability of pattern recognition. However, their recognition and learning mechanisms are quite different from those of a neural system. Neural network models (connectionist models) are information models, which derive partially from the study of the mechanism.In the same manner, an information model is proposed which derives partially from the recognition mechanism of immune systems, and the learning algorithms on the model are studied.This paper also proposes some extensions of the model so that it can be applied to process diagnostic problems. The instrumentation system with this immune network (sensor network) can eliminate abnormal information from faulty sensors autonomously. Other than diagnostic problems, the immune network model is potentially applicable to mutual/group test of a set of VLSI of the same type, computer network immune to the virus.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper proposes a system called NEVIS (network envisioning system), which envisions a network flow by using a knowledge engineering technique based on qualitative reasoning. NEVIS models the network based on queueing theory. For the server that is the major component of the network, its state is defined for each domain knowledge, and the transition between states is defined based on a change of flow by generation of an event. The state transition is estimated by qualitative reasoning. To avoid ambiguity, quantitative information is added so that an accurate result of reasoning is obtained. The function of NEVIS are to estimate the propagation of the effect of the event by introducing a time concept, to generate a display and explanation for the change of state, and to improve the state of the network through an interaction with its user. Those functions help the user's understanding about the operation of the network. The effective use of the network as well as the means to cope with the event can be planned reflecting the request from the user.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses an algorithm for detecting bubbles in a diver's bloodstream during decompression from submergence. A widely employed method at present for detecting bubbles is the ultrasonic Doppler method, which is based on aural sensation. However, a problem here is that the Doppler signal contains various kinds of noises such as cardiac motion signals. Thus, the observer is required to concentrate to detect the bubble sound from the noise when the number of bubbles are few, and to count the number when there are many. This is not an easy task, even for an expert.The authors discovered the features of the typical bubble sound with respect to the time waveform and the frequency spectrum, and developed a new bubble‐detection algorithm based on linear predictive signal processing. An experiment for bubble detection is executed, using a material to demonstrate the bubble‐detection Doppler method and data recorded in the simulated 300‐m manned submergence. It is verified that the proposed method has nearly the same performance as that of an expert.Finally, this paper discusses the phenomenon where the frequency of the bubble decreases with the increase in bubble gener

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn optimal restoration filter is a restoration filter which meets some optimization criterion. It is known that a close relationship exists between optimal image restoration filters and generalized inverses of operators. By clarifying this relationship, the understanding of both optimal image restoration filters and generalized inverse is deepened.This paper clarifies the following points concerning the aforementioned relationship. First, the projection filter and averaged projection filter satisfy an optimal criterion in some restricted subspace. Furthermore, it is shown that whether that optimal criterion is evaluated in the original image space or the observed image space, the same result is achieved. Finally, it is shown clearly how the Wiener filter behaves as a generalized inverse.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn optimum image restoration filter is an image restoration filter satisfying some optimum criterion, and there are many different optimum restoration filters corresponding to different optimization criterion. Close relationships exist between these various filters, and through understanding these relationships we can, along with gaining a better understanding of the principles behind the filters, approximate or replace one filter by another and reduce the computing complexity required to compute it.The relationships between these filters have been explored on a one‐by‐one basis in the past, but in this paper a systematic assessment is made of the relationships between nine kinds of optimum restoration filters. In addition, it is confirmed experimentally that the parametric Wiener filter can approximate the averaged projection filter with arbitrary precis

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing a neural net composed of subnets with a winner‐take‐all (WTA) mode of operations, the constraint that the variables must form a probability vector or a probability matrix can automatically be satisfied. Taking advantage of this property, this paper proposes a neural algorithm than can derive the approximate solution for a combinatorial optimization problem such as set partitioning. As a simple example, the 3‐partition maximum‐cut problem is considered.The worst‐case error is evaluated theoretically, and it is shown that the proposed method is one‐third (relative) approximate algorithm. For comparison, the performance of the conventional method also is evaluated theoretically. The performances also are compared by experiment. Both the theoretical and experimental results confirm that the proposed method can achieve better performance than the conventi

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690240609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY