摘要:

AbstractThe problem of finding unfeasible paths (UFP: computation paths that are never executed for any input) is important in test data generation and effect propagation analyses. In this paper a directed graph representation executable in parallel, called path dependence flow graph, is proposed which is suited to problems of finding properties of procedural programs along computation paths such as the UFP detection problem.Also, a method is given that symbolically computes logical expressions necessary for UFP detection by parallel abstract interpretation of this graph. Furthermore a method for detecting UFP is presented that converts an obtained logical expression into a Presburger sentence and that applies a truth value decision method for Presburger sentences to it. By using this method, the computation control is made simple and the removal of computations that are not necessary for UFP detection is made easy. In addition since partial results can be shared, UFPs are detected more efficiently.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251001

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMassively parallel computers are being realized for aiming at high performance. Bitonic sort is an efficient algorithm for network computers. But generally, it is impossible to use a bitonic sort algorithm on a network computer with a node failure.This paper presents a fault‐tolerant scheme of bitonic sort algorithm for a network computer that makes it possible to tolerate a node failure without an additional hardware cost. The method does not have hardware redundancy but has software redundancy. The method does not depend on the network topology. However, the method takes about two times as many steps as that of original bitonic sort.This paper also shows that the method is applicable to a chordal ring connected computer as an exampl

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251002

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe propose a method for tracking a moving object in a specified direction from time sequence images which include multiple moving objects, assuming that a camera rotates to look at the specified object. First, an image analytic signal is generated by spatial‐Hilbert transform. The horizontal and vertical motion of specific velocities are extracted by spatiotemporal filters applied to the analytic signal. Although the impulse response function of a temporal filter for the analytic signal is complex, that of a spatial filter becomes real. The 2‐D motion component is computed from the extracted horizontal motion and the vertical motion. The tracking window is set to the high motion component area. Object tracking is performed by estimating the motion through an α‐β‐γ filter on

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251003

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the progress of network technology and workstation technology as the background, there has been progress in the exchange/transmission of information as well as document sharing by electronic means in the office environment. At present, however, techniques have not been developed to the stage where such fragmented information as knowhow is stored/retrieved/managed in the distributed environment.From such a viewpoint, the authors have constructed the knowhow storage system FISH (flexible information sharing and handling system), which can store the knowhow in the text format. In FISH, the minimum unit decomposition of the information and the flexible structurization are realized by decomposing the knowhow into multiple virtual cards to be stored in the computer. Knowhow, which is difficult to be given a systematic structure, is managed by automatically providing links among the card based on the keywords attached to the individual cards.This paper describes first the management method for the knowhow which is the basic design of FISH. Then the features, the functions that can be used, and the implementation of the system are discussed. The result of the one‐year operation experiment of the system in the office of the authors is presented, together with discussions. Using FISH, it is made possible to store the knowhow and share the use in the distributed environmen

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251004

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a method of precisely and effectively visualizing a complex 3‐dimensionally curved surface from a set of range data by using meshes (parallel hierarchical triangulation) which are adaptive to the degree of its complexity. The method can reconstruct the curved surface without cracks by approximating its intrinsic shape and discontinuity with a polygon. The algorithm used can be processed by fact parallel local calculations with an upper limit in time and space.This paper proposes a parallel recursive algorithm for generating an adaptive mesh using a 3D‐curvature based on the intrinsic shape of an object, and another parallel recursive algorithm to avoid the formation of a crack which occurs between two subdivisions. Experimental results applied to range images of human faces are shown. The proposed method can be applied to general images (e.g., gray‐level image and color images) other than range images so that the compression or reconstruction of an image can be carried out by adaptively using its geometrical features (e.g., the pixel value, its first‐order differential, and second order differ

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251005

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn designing more accurate character recognition, revealing the differences with other categories in distance function is important. In this paper, I propose Learning by Discriminant Analysis (LDA) as a method to learn distance functions. With a weighted Euclidean distance and a quadratic discriminant function as the original distance functions, LDA learns parameters by superposing the decision function for searching on the pattern set of the noticed category. The results for handwritten numeral recognition rate improved dramatically and its effectiveness was verified. In addition, when the values of the parameters after learning are changed and applied in a weighted Euclidean distance so that the misread patterns before learning are efficiently segmented and strong correlations exist between features, appropriate category boundaries are obtained. When applied to the quadratic discriminant function, the effect of the offset from the normal distribution of features is reduced.

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251006

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study aims at the application of the virtual reality technique to model construction and simulation in industrial design and the arts. This paper discusses several problems in the interactive direct manipulation of the virtual object from the viewpoint of real space.The first point is to realize the representation system which can represent the motion parallax without experiencing the response delay. For this purpose, the reduction of the measurement time for the positions of both eyes is investigated, and the problem is solved by developing the both‐eye position measurement method using position‐sensitive devices (PSD).The second point is to realize the accurate and direct specification method of manipulation from the real space. The direct specification using the hand or the stylus in the real space makes it difficult to realize an accurate manipulation since the error between the real space and the virtual space coordinates is sensed visually in a direct way. For this problem, a stylus for virtual object manipulation was developed. It has a special structure wherein the grip is in the real space and the pointer is in the virtual space.By this elaboration, the visual error in the position relation between the pointer and the object to be handled can be eliminated. Then the real‐time processing is investigated for the decision of contact between the stylus pointer and the virtual object to be manipulated, as well as for the generation of the tactile sensation.The real‐time processing is realized by utilizing the feature of the virtual pointer stylus and the drawing me

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251007

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe recognition of the structure of a document is to discriminate the layout structure, i.e., the two‐dimensional configuration and format, of the document, and to identify the individual item data. Most of the studies of this kind so far, however, are based on the paradigm for the document structure discrimination, where the information concerning the document structure is defined beforehand for a particular type of document and is utilized as the knowledge‐base. Such a paradigm is successful in recognizing the same document structure or document structure of the same kind, but is not applicable to the case where various kinds of document structures are mixed.This paper addresses table‐form documents as the objects of processing, and reports on a method which can recognize the document structures for various kinds of table‐form documents. Various classes of table‐form documents with various configurations and contents are available according to its use and adjacent relationship between item fields. To recognize exactly the document structure for various kinds of table‐form documents, it is essential to develop the processing method based on the information for each class of table‐form documents. For this purpose, the classification tree is used, which hierarchically manages the information for each case of table‐form documents.A structure recognition system for multiple kinds of table‐form documents, is realized with this framework, including the recognition of table‐form document class, the automatic acquisition of layout structure information and the recognition of

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251008

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe neocognitron is a hierarchical neural network model with pattern recognition ability. The intermediate layers of the neocognitron contain various kinds of cells (feature‐extracting cells) that extract partial features of the input patterns. The feature‐extracting cell has modifiable input connections, with the connecting weights depending on the kind of feature to be extracted. The connecting weight is determined by an unsupervised learning.When a standard pattern is given as a stimulus, the connecting weights are adjusted so that the cell exhibits the maximum output. The tolerance in deformation of the feature to be extracted by the cell (that is, feature selectivity) can be adjusted by the thresholds of the cell.This paper discusses how the thresholds of the feature‐extracting cell in the intermediate layers affect the recognition rate of the neocognitron. In the conventional neocognitrons, the same threshold values were used in both learning and recognition phases. This paper shows also that the recognition rate can be improved greatly by using higher threshold values in the recognition phase than in the learning

ISSN:0882-1666    

DOI:10.1002/scj.4690251009

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY