ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034451

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034452

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Impaired memory function is one of the most frequent and disabling symptoms observed after brain injury. A number of studies have examined the efficacy of using cholinergic agonists, such as physostigmine, in treating memory impairment resulting from various neurologic conditions. Few studies, however, have either combined the drug treatment with a memory training programme or monitored serum cholinesterase levels to increase the likelihood of achieving a therapeutic dose of the medication. The current study addresses both of these issues. Two single-case studies are reported in this investigation. In each case, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-subject, A-B-A design was used with A representing the base-line phases, B constituting the memory training combined with medication phase and A representing the return to base-line condition. Both patients sustained anoxia as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning. In the first case, a clinically significant improvement was seen in the patient's performance of both standardized and non-standardized measures of memory function as a result of the combined treatment regimen. No significant changes, however, were seen in the patient's performance on measures of attention and concentration, cognitive flexibility or motor speed. These findings were then replicated with the second anoxic patient. The results from this study point out the potential benefit of combining cholinergic agonists with specific memory training strategies in improving memory function after brain injury.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034453

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Increased attention has focused on the use of brain gangliosides as a treatment for brain injury. This review traces the progression ofin vitroandin vivoresearch which led to studies which have demonstrated that ganglioside treatment can facilitate recovery after CNS damage in animal models (for example, lesions, transections, hypoxia, ischemia). Hypotheses regarding the ability of gangliosides to stimulate neuronal plasticity, modulate trophic factors and reduce injury processes are presented.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034454

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study compared the psychophysiological parameters involved in the processing of bisensory memory tasks and their recall in a group of 30 adult patients with closed head injury and a group of 29 normal controls. Utilizing an automated on-line computerized system, continuous recording of heart rate, galvanic skin response and respiration were carried out during four intersensory, experimental conditions. Differences among the physiological and performance measures employed, the interaction of the modality of the task (auditory or visual) and the recall parameters (serial or paired) were observed in the set of experimental conditions. The findings in the present study were discussed in the context of the cortical control of the autonomic nervous system.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034455

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The nature of head injury in the elderly differs from that in younger adults. Fifty-four consecutive patients, aged 65 years or older admitted to a neurotrauma unit with head injury over a six-month period, were identified to determine the causes and medical and social consequences. Falls accounted for the great majority of cases, and alcohol consumption was an important contributory factor in males, while pedestrian road accidents were responsible for most deaths. A routine investigative screening procedure was evaluated. When visited after discharge, 72% of survivors had experienced a change in functional status with increased family involvement and use of community support services. This group was significantly older (p<0·01) than those whose status had not changed. A third of the survivors had changed their living circumstances at review. It is suggested that such patients could benefit from increased involvement of the geriatric services.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034456

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Major improvements in the acute management and rehabilitation of patients with head injury have developed in recent years, particularly in the United States. Australia has lagged behind in these developments, but a co-operative programme between Bethesda Hospital and the Motor Accidents Board in Victoria has improved services for these serious injuries, at least for those resulting from road accidents.It is proposed that integration of services for head injuries would be improved by developing a system of care, based on the proven model for spinal cord injuries, which should not only allow better co-ordination of individual patient care, but also stimulate a more rational development of new services within the health system.The aim is to develop a co-ordinated total care concept for people with head injuries from time of injury, through acute care and rehabilitation to long-term follow-up in the community, a flexible system able to respond to the complexity and variability of these common and serious injuries.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034457

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034458

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes an holistic approach to the psychotherapy of the brain injured individual in which the biological, intrapsychic, family, social and spiritual systems are taken into account. By acknowledging that the patient's innate goodness has not been destroyed, technical issues are addressed that enable the patient to deal with his losses and achieve higher levels of adjustment.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034459

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034461

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor