ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The differential staining cytotoxicity (DiSC) assay was evaluated as a predictive test for response to therapy in patients with acute non‐lymphoblastic leukemia. Incubations were designed in such a way that the intracellular concentrations of cytostatic drugs in vitro parallelled those in vivo. Leukemic cells were isolated from 53 patients with acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia. 13 of these patients died early due to supportive care failure and were not evaluable for the predictive drug testing. Of the remaining 40 patients, 25 entered a complete remission (CR) and 15 had a resistant disease (RD). According to the patients randomization to therapy the cells were incubated with anthracyclines and Ara‐C separately and in combination. After 4 days of culturing in liquid medium the in vitro cytotoxicity was determined by dye exclusion according to Weisenthal. The cytotoxic effect in vitro was significantly higher on cells from patients who achieved a CR compared to patients with RD after incubations with anthracyclines 0.2 μmol/l (p ≤ 0.005), Ara‐C 0.5 μmol/l (p ≤ 0.05) and with the combination of anthracyclines with Ara‐C (p ≤ 0.0005). The best predictive value was achieved when incubations with 0.2 μmol/l anthracyclines and 0.5 μmol/l Ara‐C were analyzed together. With these incubations cells from 20 out of 21 patients who achieved CR showed either ≤ 60% surviving cells after the anthracycline incubation or ≤ 35% surviving cells after the Ara‐C incubation. Cells from 11 out of 13 patients with RD did not fulfill either of these criteria. In vitro drug sensitivity was signiñcantly correlated to a prolonged survival (p<0.01). We conclude that, when performed with incubations that mimic in vivo tumor cell exposure to cytostatic drugs, the DiSC assay shows a high correlation to clinical outcome for patients with ac

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

50 patients were treated for multiple myeloma with 5‐drug combination chemotherapy between Jan 1979 and Feb 1980. After 8 years 12 patients (24%) were alive. The relative age‐adjusted survival rate was 27%. The risk of death was constant during the follow‐up, and active myelomatosis was still the main cause of death during the 8th yr. Thus the treatment is not curative. All 7 long‐term survivors initially at stages II or III had at least a 75% response to the primary treatment. The other 5 patients were initially in an early stage (I) of their disease. Acute leukaemia has developed in 2 p

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied the ability of the human hemopoietic growth factors, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) to activate polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) for increased phagocytosis of opsonizedCandida albicansand enhanced degranulation. Exposure of neutrophils to these two growth factors resulted in an increased number ofCandidaphagocytosed. Pretreatment of the neutrophils with the monoclonal antibody anti‐Mol abrogated the enhanced phagocytosis associated with GM‐CSF priming but not that of G‐CSF primed PMN. In examining the effect of these two colony‐stimulating factors (CSFs) on neutrophil degranulation we found that GM‐CSF induced enhanced release of lysozyme from cytochalasin‐treated PMN in the presence ofCandida; however, G‐CSF did not. The effect of GM‐CSF on lysozyme release was abrogated by anti‐Mol antibody. These data suggest that GM‐CSF and G‐CSF prime PMN for certain enhanced functional activities by distinct mechanisms. The differential effect of the CSFs on neutrophil degranulation may relate to the more common inflammatory symptoms seen when GM‐CSF is used clinically as comp

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of cytogenetic studies are reported in 89 patients with B‐cell CLL. LPS (E.coli lipopolysaccharide), PWM (pokeweed mitogen), PHA (phytohaemagglutinin), EBV (Epstein‐Barr virus), TPA (phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate), and LA (leucoagglutinin) were used as mitogens. Mitoses were obtained from 78 cases. Clonal aberrations could be demonstrated in 26 cases. Trisomy 12 was the most frequent finding (8 cases) and was sole abnormality in 4 cases. Chromosomes # 14, # 17, and # 11 were involved in structural aberrations in 5, 7, and 7 cases respectively, but a t(11;14)(q13;q32) was the only structural aberration seen more than once. The median observation time was 47 months (range 1–87). The presence of clonal abnormalities did not influence survival significantly, either when calculated from diagnosis or from cytogenetic analysis. Patients with more than one aberration, however, had a significantly shorter survival than patients with normal mitoses only (p<0.05). The survival of 8 patients with trisomy 12 (in 4 as sole abnormality) was not different from that of patients with normal mit

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The IgG and IgA antibody subclass responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens type 6A and 19F were studied after immunization with a 14‐valent vaccine (Pneumovax®, MSD), in 53 splenectomized patients (11 Hodgkin's disease, 13 non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 9 immune haemolytic anaemia or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and 20 posttraumatic splenectomized patients) and 18 non‐splenectomized controls. The antibodies were mainly restricted to the IgG2 and IgA2 subclasses. NHL patients had lower pre‐vaccination values to the studied antigens and lower antibody response to vaccination than the other patient groups in which the antibody responses did not differ from those of controls. 1 vaccinated NHL patient experienced two episodes of pneumococcal septicaemia, both occurring after chemotherapy which abolished the previously normal IgG2 antibody levels to the pneumococcal antigens. It is concluded that the antibody response to 6A and 19F antigens after pneumococcal vaccination is not reduced in splenectomized patients but is impaired in immunodeficiency states associated with B‐cell lymphoma and treatment with cytost

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

23 adult patients with refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) received salvage chemotherapy with mitoxantrone and etoposide. The regimen consisted of mitoxantrone, 10 mg/m2/d by 30‐min infusion, and etoposide 100 mg/m2/d by 30‐min infusion, given 12 h apart for 5 consecutive d. Of 23 patients treated, 13 met the criteria for highly refractory disease (6 primary resistant; 4 with early relapse during maintenance; 3 relapsed and refractory to reinduction). 10 patients had relapsed off‐therapy more than 6 months after achieving first CR. Overall, 14 patients (61%) achieved a complete remission (CR): 6/13 (46%) with refractory AML, and 8/10 (80%) with relapsed AML. 2 patients had a partial remission, 2 died in aplasia, and 5 were nonresponders. In responding patients, the median time for recovery of granulocyte count was 27 d. The most important nonhematologic side effect was oral mucositis, which was severe in 35% of cases. No signs of cardiac toxicity were observed. The median CR duration was 5 months (range, 2 to 12+ months). The combination of mitoxantrone and etoposide appears a highly effective and relatively well tolerated salvage regimen for refractory and relapsed AML. Its incorporation into first‐line induction and consolidation programs for newly diagnosed AML patients should be con

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied the behaviour in culture of erythroid and megakaryocyte progenitor cells (BFU‐E, CFU‐MK) obtained from peripheral blood (PB) in 38 patients: 15 with essential thrombocythaemia, 3 with reactive thrombocytosis, 16 with polycythaemia vera and 4 with secondary polyglobulia. Clonal erythroid growth without added erythropoietin was observed in all patients with polycythaemia vera and in 5 out of 15 with essential thrombocythaemia, but in none of the patients with reactive thrombocytosis or secondary polyglobulia or in controls. When the CFU‐MK were cultured without phytohaemagglutinin‐stimulated medium (PHA‐LCM), all patients with essential thrombocythaemia and 7 out of 16 with polycythaemia vera showed circulating CFU‐MK but none of those with reactive thrombocytosis or secondary polyglobulia or controls did so. This study indicates that the growth in vitro of megakaryocyic and erythroid progenitors from such a readily available source as peripheral blood can be valuable in the diagnosis of certain borderline cases of thrombocytosis or ery

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To define an iron overload index independent of liver cell damage, the mean annual levels of alanine aspartate transaminase (ALAT) and serum ferritin and their ratios were determined. Ferritin/ALAT ratio values were compared between two groups of patients with acute or chronic hepatitis without iron overload, and one group of thalassaemic patients with iron overload. The two groups without iron overload exhibited ferritin/ALAT ratio values of 2 and 1.2 respectively; a ratio value higher than 10 was always observed in those patients with iron overload. The ferritin/ALAT ratio is correlated with the degree of iron overload. This ratio increases in regularly‐transfused patients without chelation treatment. It generally remains stable or decreases after initiation of iron chelation therapy. The ferritin/ALAT ratio thus appears useful in the follow‐up of patients subjected to a long‐term transfusional treatment particularly when acute or chronic lilver cell damage may interfere with iron overload by increasing serum ferritin v

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tumor‐necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to confer significant radioprotection in murine models. Herein, we demonstrate a dose‐dependent enhancement of hematological recovery when single doses of either murine or human recombinant TNF are administered prior to irradiation. In addition to its action upon leukocytes and erythrocytes, TNF also alleviates radiation‐induced thrombocytopenia in the mouse. These effects on circulating blood constituents are further reflected in increased numbers of both primitive (CFU‐S) and more differentiated (CFU‐GM, CFU‐Mega) hematopoietic progenitors in TNF‐treated animals. This suggests that TNF exerts it radioprotective effects on a pool of primitive multi‐potential hema

ISSN:0902-4441    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb00331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY