摘要:

Abstract.The paper seeks to identify the reasons why the English‐speaking advanced capitalist nations experienced a greater impetus to transform established policy strategies in the 1980s than did other OECD nations. Although the particular manifestation of the challenge to policy orthodoxy varied in each of these nations, all were characterized by the emergence of political forces committed to a fundamental redefinition of the role of state and economy in the direction of lessened state intervention and greater scope for market forces. A variety of exploratory hypotheses seeking to account for the differences between the English‐speaking and other OECD countries in this respect are examined, including the impact of state size, the state of the economy, the extent of policy effectiveness and the political dynamics of party and electoral syst

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1990.tb00245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Previous research arrived at inconsistent conclusions concerning the relationship between democracy and inequality. Here, the focus is on 17 industrial democracies and the incremental effects of democracy as well as of the party composition of governments. It is found that older democracies suffer from less equality than younger democracies, that ruling socialist parties do not score significant successes in redistribution for the benefit of the poorest strata, and that ruling conservative parties benefit the most privileged strata. These findings are put into a public choice perspective, according to which privileged groups win the distributional or rent‐seeking struggles in democracies because of the lack of organization and information of rationally ignorant majoritie

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1990.tb00246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An attempt to integrate various previous approaches to economic voting is made and several LISREL‐models were tested in the Netherlands. We found that, like in most American studies, voters' experience with and evaluation of government policies' effects on the National Economic Condition are a more important determinant of the vote than voters' evaluation of the effects of government policies on one's Personal Economic Condition. Different models for various social classes were found (cf. Weatherford, 1978), but ‘self‐reliants’had similar determinants of the vote as compared to ‘government reliants’. The specifying effect of ‘party identification’on the vote was discussed. It seems that about 10–15% of the Dutch vote can be considered determined by economic evaluations, mainly of the perception of government policies' effect on the National Economi

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1990.tb00247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The members of the European Parliament are elected in nationally organized and domestically oriented polls; however, in the Strasbourg Assembly they form transnational Party Groups or Europarties. The Rules of Procedure require such formations for the functioning of the Assembly, but Party Groups are much more than procedure requisites. They assemble elected representatives of national parties which share a consistent similarity in political ideologies and strategies. Party integration is a decisive development in the unification process of the Western European countries and it is expected to come from the Party Groups experience. The paper analyses such an issue by examining roll‐call votes. Data include a systematic sample of votes cast during the first and second elected Parliament. The research looks into two fundamental items: (a) Party Group cohesion (anindex of agreementis used to measure it); (b) voting line‐ups of Party Groups. The aim is to point out the most important political cleavages and issues of the Community political sys

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1990.tb00248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY