摘要:

Abstract.This article links party organisation to party performance, examining their relationship over almost half a century in an in‐depth case study of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP). It proceeds from the assumption that party organisation does matter for party performance, at least indirectly, and that the adaptation of the party organisation to a changing environment is, in the long run, the only viable strategy for party goal achievement. While the ÖVP's environment was subject to important changes, all of which worked against the party, it has failed to adapt to them. This, in turn, has reduced the competitiveness of the ÖVP. Consequently its record in achieving most of its party goals has been rather poor since 1970. The reconstruction of the intra‐party discussions reveals that the party leadership had access to analyses identifying the structural weaknesses of the party organisation since the late 1950s. The ÖVP's failure to adapt is explained by using the ‘nested games’ approach of Tsebelis (1990). In order to enhance the understanding of organisational dynamics of parties in a more general sense, the case of the ÖVP is related to the work of Panebianco (1988) and

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This article seeks to introduce the concept of political power more explicitly into the discussion of the organizational attributes of societal interests. In pursuit of this objective, it defines a set of empirical indicators of the organisational conditions of interest intermediation systems that enhance the exercise of political power. The indicators are illustrated through a comparative study of the banking sector at the European Community level and in five countries: Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The comparison of the banking sector interest intermediation systems shows that the power of banks in Germany rests not only on their equity participation in large industrial concerns, but also on a highly developed interest intermediation system, the most integrated of the five countries. The analysis demonstrates from still another perspective the close imbrication of the state and finance in France. Finally; the article demonstrates the deep fragmentation of the US associational system, a system that has acted as a serious obstacle to banking system reform in America.

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Corporatism is a method to pacify intense minorities by giving them another opportunity to influence politics when they have no chance in parliament. This possibility helps to keep the system together; minorities get an incentive to stick to the system and social integration is promoted. During the 1980s we have, however, witnessed a gradual decline of this neocorporatist model of interest representation. Europe is approaching the American pluralist model instead. Sweden, once the prototype of the Social Democratic Corporatist State, is the best example of this change.

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Fraudulent activities against European Community resources (European Community fraud) can be shown to have various direct and indirect effects on the institutional system of the Community and the changes it undergoes. In a period characterized by a relative strengthening of Community institutions, fraud has become an issue in the organizational politics of the Community. Community fraud has been a symptom of strains in relations between the Community and member states as well as in intra‐Community institutional relations, exposing problems and difficulties in cooperation. At the same time, the issue of Community fraud has been a stimulus for expansion in the development of the Community's institutional system and has functioned as a vehicle of various ideas and designs on the future directions of the Community's organizational structur

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0304-4130    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb01208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY