ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00566.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA national (England and Wales) postal survey of families with a son or daughter with profound intellectual disability and multiple physical and sensory impairments who lived at home was undertaken. A section ofthe questionnaire dealt widi prescription of major tranquillizers, drugs with a sedative function, anticonvulsants and stimulants, while among other variables information was also collected on sex, age, behaviour problems, sleep difficulties and epilepsy. Of children and adults: 5.3 and 7.9%, respectively, were receiving major tranquillizers; 28.5 and 24.5%, respectively, were prescribed drugs with a sedative function; and 53.4 and 52.7% were in receipt of anticonvulsants, with no individuals in receipt of stimulants. Only 1–5% ofthe total sample received major tranquillizers, drugs with a sedative function and anticonvulsants, though 18.9% were prescribed drugs from two classes, notably drugs with a sedative function and anticonvulsants. In all, 66.3% ofthe combined child and adult samples received at least one drug from the classes investigated. No sex bias in prescribing was found. Receipt of major tranquillizers bore some relation to reported behaviour problems, while administration of sedatives and anticonvulsants were related respectively to reports of sleep problems and occurrence of epileps

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00567.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPolicy on the role and function of day services for adults with mental handicaps has changed considerably during the last 2 decades. What such settings offer their users has also changed as services have attempted to evolve in line with policy. However, the impaa of these changes has gone largely unevaluated. This paper describes a study of two day centres to categorize the activity programmes of these services, and to assess service user and staff behaviour prior to a larger scale study of such services in Wales. The two centres were found to differ significantly in their programmes but not in the extent to which activities were organized in the community. Service user participation in activities varied with activity type, group composition and activity location. Whether activities were organized for the fall duration of the timetabled sessions was critical to the interpretation of the extent of service user engagement. Staff showed a commendable orientation to clients and their activities in both services. Differences in the activity programmes of the two centres are discussed in terms of a continuing lack of clarity over the purposes of such day services in general. The relevance of some activities to objectives is questioned. Concem is also expressed about the resulting level of engagement achieved in planned activity.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTUsing current demographic projection of maternal age‐structure, age‐specific fertility rates, and the availability, detection and utilization rates of prenatal diagnosis and subsequent termination rates, predictions are made of the likely numbers of births witb Down's syndrome (DS) in England and Wales to be expected up to the year 2000. Further predictions are made of age‐specific prevalence of the condition bearing in mind recent trends in stirvival. These figures show that, despite current screening policies based on maternal age alone, the observed live birth prevalence of DS will rise to levels higher tban bave been seen for 20 years. Together with consistently increased survival, this will mean that, throughout the next century, tbe population prevalence of DS will be higher than ever before. Work based in other countries has reached similar conclusions. As the prevention of all birtbs affected by DS is not possible in the forseeable future, and some would argue that it is not desirable, society will need to provide for those aff

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe conceptualization of stress as a process involving stressors, mediators and manifestations of stress has opened up a way of more systematically investigating the impact of perceptions on stress experienced by parents of children with intellectua disabilities. Results obtained at the end of the first part of a two‐stage panel design study indicate that appraised significance perceptions of parents are potentially exacerbating mediators of parental stress. Findings of a multiple regression analysis were interpreted as being consistent with the proposition that the parent‐appraised significance of the child's disability for their parental role becomes increasingly salient as an exacerbating mediator of parental stress during the later childhood to early adolescent years. An attempt will be made to test this proposition when the children in the 3–5 year old cohort moves into the 10–12 year‐old age

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAlthough sex education programmes are thought to be useful in reachitig people with intellectual disabilities, tbere is very little evidence tbat the material taught is retained by clients. This paper reports data whicb has been collected routinely on a sex education programme. Forty‐six subjects were assessed on their level of sexual knowledge in seven areas: parts of the body, masturbation, male puberty, female puberty, intercourse, pregnancy and childbirth, and birth control and venereal disease. They were retested after a 9‐month sex education programme and tested again at a 3‐month followup. A control group of 14 subjects were tested on two occasions, 4 months apart. There were significant and substantial increases in sexual knowledge on all areas for the experimental group. The control group showed no corresponding increases in know

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00571.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFifty‐two mentally‐handicapped in‐patients with associated behavioural disorders were entered into this double‐blind trial comparing zuclopemhixol dihydrochloride tablets (10 mg) with placebo. The study consisted of a 6‐week open phase, in which all patients were treated with zuclopenthixol tablets, followed by a 12‐week double‐blind phase where approximately half of the patients were transferred to placebo tablets. Demographic data was obtained from the patients at entry to the study. Clinical assessments were performed at weeks 6, 7, 8, 10, 14 and 18 using the Clinical Global Assessment (CGA), a Behavioural Disorder Assessment prepared specially for this study, and a side‐effect check list. Analyses of the rating scales showed significant differences in favour of zuclopenthixol at end‐point on the item‘improvement in behaviour disorder’from the CGA and at week 14 and end‐point on the Assessment of Behavioural Disorder. All other results demonstrated a favourable trend towards the zuclopenthixol treatment. Side‐effects were reported slightly more frequently in the zuclopenthixot group, but generally

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00572.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTen years after continence training, 14 severely and profoundly mentally handicapped individuals were found to have substantially maintained their improvements in bladder control. Completely independent self‐initiated toileting had not been maintained, but the level of prompting to toilet was considerably less than before training. Those who had received intensive individual training fared much better than those who had received less intensive group training. Intensive individual training was found to be cost effective and resulted in very substantial savings in carer tim

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEmotional difficulties and their relationship to challenging behaviour are recognized and treated in a normal environment, providing a measurable reduction in maladaptive and anti‐social behaviour. The implications for community care are highlighte

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in thos article:Too Many Drugs, Too Little Care. Parents' Perceptions of the Administration and Side‐Effects of Drugs Prescribed for Young People With Severe Learning Difficulties. By JaneHuber

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY