ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In a series of prevalence and follow‐up studies on North Dakota's 59 children with pervasive developmental disorders, the patient characteristics of hyperlexia, Tourette disorder (TD), and the absence of seizures were found to be associated with improved outcome or higher IQ. We entered these and 17 other characteristics into a regression model using forward, step‐wise inclusion to identify the smallest set of predictor variables which were significantly associated with the dependent variables of IQ, and receptive and expressive language. Of the 20 predictor variables used in the regression analysis, the same four variables met inclusion criteria for each of the dependent variables. These predictor variables were: hyperlexia, a known aetiology, TD and age. The relevance of these findings is discus

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Three comparable groups of mildly retarded inviduals were required to encode words according to one of the levels of processing paradigm, a distinctiveness of encoding paradigm or a control condition in which encoding was not influenced in any manner. Their performance on an immediate but unexpected recognition task was compared to that of three comparable groups of equal‐MA and three comparable groups of equal‐CA individuals. The equal‐CA group was the only group advantaged by both the levels of processing (LOP) and the distinctiveness of encoding (DOE) manipulations. The solid performance of the equal‐MA subjects in the control, the LOP and the DOE conditions was attributed to the efficient use of episodic memory. The poor performance of the mildly retarded subjects across these conditions was attributed to the lack of semantic organization in permanent memory and to an inefficiency in the use of episodic

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Seven hundred and sixty‐eight Social Training Achievement Records were collected independently in two settings during routine assessment of mentally handicapped people, mostly adults in hospital. All scales and total scores were highly internally consistent. Factor analysis on one sample yielded two factors namedGeneral Adaptive Behaviour and Community and Equipment Skills. This factor structure was replicated on the second sample. This factor solution is highly similar to that reported for the Adaptive Behavior Scale (Nihira, 1976). Two new scales were derived on the basis of these factor analyses which were also highly internally consistent. Parallel forms of these scales were also satisfactorily developed. Total scores and scores on the two new scales were adequate in routine clinical practice and showed good concurrent and criterion group validities. Reliabilities of individual items were less satisfactory. Suggestions for future developments of this scale are mad

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The development of a new behaviour assessment scale is described. The scale focuses particularly upon disturbed behaviours which may be indicative of an ‘hysterical response tendency’. Factor analysis of the scale yielded a relatively ‘pure’ structure and the sub‐scales generated thereby provide a useful descriptive profile and help to define areas for a more detailed appraisal. Applications of the scale are

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The relative amount of time necessary to move from stage‐to‐stage during the sensorimotor period was examined among a group of 30 Down's syndrome and 12 non‐retarded infants. Stage transitioning was examined for the four transitional points between Stages II and VI for the seven branches of sensorimotor development on the Uzgiris‐Hunt scales, The findings showed that the Down's syndrome infants generally took longer to move from one stage to the next even after their slower pace of development was taken into consid

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Ninety‐nine mild to severely mentally retarded adults were evaluated on a variety of measures. The battery included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Revised (PPVT), the Psychopathology Instrument for Mentally Retarded Adults, the Social Performance Survey Schedule, Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression, the Beck Depression Inventory and Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale. Depression and social skills measures correlated significantly with each other on self‐report and informant reports. Receptive vocabulary did not significantly correlate with depression or social skills measures, irrespective of self or other report format. Additionally, demographic variables such as intellectual level were not significant. The PPVT mean scores differed significantly by level of mental retardation as might be expected. The significance of these data and their implication for further study are rev

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Urinary total catecholamines, their metabolites and metabolite of serotonin were estimated in 32 mentally retarded children and 15 controls. Levels of total catecholamines. MHPG and 5‐HIAA were not significantly different from controls. However, the mean VMA and HVA excretion in mentally retarded children was significantly increased compared to the control group. It is concluded that an altered metabolism of dopamine is involved in mental retardatio

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A 24‐year‐old retarded client, whose weight over 7 years had fallen from 130 pounds to 72 pounds due to vomiting, was being kept alive for 2 weeks by tube feeding. Behavioural treatment consisted of (a) 30 minutes of non‐contingent staff attention, (b) 2 minutes of no attention contingent on vomiting, and (c) a resulting 2‐minute delay in cleaning expelled vomitus. In 2 weeks, vomiting of 7 years history was reduced to zero. Through 2 months of follow‐up, vomiting remained at zero and weight increased to 97 pounds. The results support previous studies which suggested that vomiting may be reduced and eliminated by manipulating

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Epilepsy. Edited by ANTHONY HOPKINSChildren with Handicaps: a Medical Primer, 2nd Edn. By MARK L. BATSHAW and YVONNE M. PIRROCKEssential Paediatrics, 2nd Edn. By DAVID HULL and DEREK I. JOHNSTONEnhancing Children's Social Skills: Assessment&Training. By J.L. MATSON and T.H. OLLENDICK

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY