摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper describes an evaluation study of a home‐based, family focussed counselling scheme providing support for English‐speaking and Bangladeshi families of children wilh intellectual or multiple disabilities. Mothers and children in the intervention groups showed significant and positive changes compared to randomly allocated controls. The greatest benefits were derived by the more deprived and initially less well‐supportcd Bangladeshi families. Mothers changed positively in ratings of perceived support and family functioning, and in their constructions of their child, themselves, husbands and family relationships. Although systematic teaching was not included, their children also showed improvements in developmental progress and behaviour pro

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An experiment is reported in which eight scverely handicapped children were taught to rehearse lists of five manual sign labels or five word labels during the delay periods of a short‐term, free‐recall task. The results showed that the rehearsal training had an overall facilitatory effect on recall and that this effect was more pronounced for signs than for words, especially in the recency portion of the serial position curve. Follow‐up after 3 weeks showed that the differential facilitatory effect for signs was maintained. The findings are discussed in the context both of existing memory studies for signed stimuli and in terms of their implications for the use of signs in educational set

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.ABSTRACT. A 5‐year retrospective study of mentally handicapped patients referred to the only community‐based mental handicap out‐patient clinic in a county with an approximate population of 360 000 is presented. The clinic has been functioning for about 10 years and has been consultant‐based. Areas for study include: referral rate; source of referral; degree of handicap; superimposed mental illness, behaviour disorder and epilepsy; and the proportion of patients needing admission to the unit for further assessment/treatment. Some implications are di

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Consanguinity among parents as a cause of mental retardation in their children is debatable. The present study was conducted to find out the effect of consanguinity on mental retardation where the causative factor is not established. A total of 517 mentally retarded persons and their families were studied out of which 160 were born of consanguineous marriage and 357 were of non‐consanguineous marriage. The results indicated that, when there is a history of mental retardation in the family and if the parents are consanguineously married, the risk of mental retardation in the offspring is significantly high (x2=11.52; P<0.001). Among the consanguineously married families, the blood relationship of uncle‐niece seems to have the highest risk of affecting the offsprings. The implications are discussed in det

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The aim of this study was to determine biological responses in Down's syndrome subjects for an incremental exercise lasting 10 min. After a training programme specially adapted for children and adolescents with mental handicaps, 11 healthy Down's syndrome subjects, seven boys and four girls aged from 15 to 20 years, performed a progressive exercise until exhaustion on an ergometric bicycle. The results were compared with those taken from the literature for similar aged normal subjects. The results in our series of Down's syndrome subjects showed: (a) no differences in haematologic parameters, except for a high concentration of uric acid at rest which did not increase after the test; (b) a lower blood lactate level than in maximal exercise for this age range; (c) a late mobilization of FFA; and (d) a slightly lower maximal value of catecholamines. These results may suggest a reduced sympathetic response to maximal exercise.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This study investigated the use of an informant behaviour checklist to examine carestaff perceptions of sadness among a hospital population of people with mental handicaps. Using Cohen's kappa statistic there were only three checklist items which had acceptable levels of inter‐rater agreement (physical aggression, crying and verbal abuse) with no significant variation in the incidence of those behaviours according to the severity of mental handicap. The findings suggest that future research might attend to concepts of sadness among carestaff and their ability to identify sad emotional states in a reliable manne

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Myopathy represents one of the major features of Marinesco‐Sjögren syndrome (MSS). Seven patients with MSS from three different families were studied with morphological and neurophysiological methods. In two patients ragged‐red fibres were found after Gomori trichrome staining. Transmission electron microscopy (EM) showed that subsarcolemmal accumulation of abnormal mitochondria regularly occurred and in one patient paracrystalline inclusion bodies were found. The EMG showed myopathic changes while the nerve condition velocities were normal. A delayed normalization of exercised‐induced hyperlactatemia was noted. These findings show that mitochondrial myopathic changes are present

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The body mass index (BMI) was calculated at the age of 20 for all the 132 survivors (83%) out of the 159 mentally retarded individuals born in 1966 in Northern Finland. Reliable information was acquired for 112 cases (84.8%). The mean BMI for these cases did not deviate significantly from that for an average Finnish population at age 20‐29 years. It was found that 41.5% of the slightly retarded cases (IQ 35‐70) and 28‐6% of the seriously retarded ones (IQ30) and 7‐1% seriously so (BMIS32). Ninety‐one per cent of the seriously obese cases lived with their parents and did not participate in any occupational therapy or work. A total of 29‐5% of the mentally retarded subjects were underweight (BMI<20), a condition which would seem to be above all a problem for seriously retarded individuals and an obvious consequence of the different feeding and dietary problems connected with their multip

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A girl with phenylketonuria and mild mental retardation developed a behaviour disorder and anorexia nervosa at the age of 14. The anorexic symptoms disappeared at the age of 20, but the behaviour disorder worsened, leading to compulsory detention in a psychiatric hospital. Serum phenylalanine levels may have influenced the course of the disorder.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A case of rapid cycling bipolar disorder in a person with Down's syndrome, responsive to divalproex sodium, a valproic acid derivative, is presented. This case and three other reported cases of mania in association with Down's syndrome suggest that this chromosomal disorder does not preclude the development of mania.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1991.tb01048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY