ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Twenty‐seven severely mentally handicapped children in three matched groups were trained on both a complex and a simple visual discrimination task with: (1) prompt fading on S +; (2) prompt fading onS‐; or (3) no prompting (trial‐and‐error training). On the complex discrimination task, differences between groups were obscured by a floor effect. Only one subject from each group acquired the discrimination. However, on the simple discrimination task all nineS+ fading, eightS‐ fading and six trial‐and‐error training subjects attained criterion. BothS+: andS‐ fading groups made significantly fewer errors than the trial‐and‐error group but did not differ significantly from each other. Sixteen children who failed to acquire the complex discrimination in Experiment 1 also participated in Experiment 2. Subjects received additional training on the task by one of four procedures. Neither continued trial‐and‐error training, continuedS+ orS‐ fading, reversals of the prompt betweenS+ and S ‐, or intensity fading resulted in acquisition of the task. Results are discussed in terms of oversh

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The purpose of the present study was to learn how a mainstreamed mentally retarded or emotionally disturbed child is received in a regular classroom by the other pupils in the class. Each of 36 fifth grade boys interacted with one of three male confederates and 36 eighth grade boys interacted with one of three other male confederates. In each case the confederate was of the same age and grade as the subjects. He was presented to the subject as an ordinary child, as a mentally retarded child, or as an emotionally disturbed child who might soon attend their school and the subject was asked to estimate how the confederate would fit into the school. The confederate was always blind to condition and, after the interaction, the subject was questioned about the confederate by an experimenter also blind to condition. Behavioural measures taken from the sound recordings of the interaction showed that the subjects in the mentally retarded and emotionally disturbed conditions behaved in a less friendly and more anxious manner than in the control condition. They also wanted more social distance from the ‘retarded’ and the ‘disturbed’ confederate and expected their peers to be more rejecting toward them relative to the control condition. Essentially the same results were obtained for fifth and eighth grade boys and little difference was found between the two types of mental handicaps. The implication of the study for deinstitutionalization are di

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The present study addressed two questions concerning a computer‐aided programme for supervising occupational activities for low‐functioning individuals. The first question was about the possibility of using the programme for extended time periods. The second question concerned the viability of the programme for subjects who require physical prompting in addition to normal supervision (e.g. instructions and reinforcement). Three adolescents participated in the study. Two of them (who could perform under normal supervision) were selected for investigating the first question. The other subject (who required caretaker prompting) served for the second question. The results for the first two subjects showed that the computer‐aided programme could easily ensure engagement in constructive activities for periods of about 30 min. The data for the third subject showed the establishment of moderate responding. The practical implications of the findings are disc

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Sixty‐six neuroleptic medicated mentally handicapped subjects in a hospital were studied to determine the prevalence of drug‐induced akathisia. Tardive dyskinesia was also rated on the AIMS scale. Only motor manifestations of akathisia could be assessed as the subjective component of akathisia was difficult to elicit in this population with difficulties in verbal communication. As all the subjects had been on neuroleptics for at least 3 years, only chronic akathisia could be studied. Five subjects had akathisia. Correlational analysis did not reveal any specific associations with any of the demographic, clinical and pharmacological variables studied. A step‐wise multiple regression analysis indicated that younger age could be a predictor. Tardive dyskinesia was associated in two of the subjects. The overall conclusion was that 7% of the subjects had chronic akathisia and no specific risk factors could be ident

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01481.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A case of a borderline subnormal schizophrenic is described in a patient who developed tardive dyskinesia after 21 years of neuroleptic therapy. However, features of tardive dyskinesia manifested only during the psychotic relapses and disappeared on remission of psychotic symtpoms.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Presence of polycystic ovary disease is described in a mentally retarded woman who later developed features of manic‐depressive illness. The possibility that the three conditions might interrelate pathophysiologically is discusse

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome is described in a 37‐year‐old man with mental retardation, hypomania and a history of recent hepatitis B infection. The NMS is reviewed and the potential importance of this iatrogenic emergency in mental handicap practice is emphasi

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In a preliminary study fingerprint patterns of Down's syndrome children were examined to determine correlations with congenital heart defects (CHD). The results demonstrate that the left hand digit ridge count minus the right hand digit ridge count, and number of ridges on the fifth digit of the left hand, separate patients with CHD from those without heart defects (W/OHD). The method correctly classified 92% of the CHD group and 73% uf the W/OHD group.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The prevalence of tuberous sclerosis in the Grampian region in 1973 was 2.93 and in 1983 2.63 perl 100 000, with about one in 20 000 of the population under 20 being affected. Only one family group was identified.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1989.tb01486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY