摘要:

AbstractAdministration of hexachloro 1 : 3 butadiene (HCBD) intraperitoneally at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight caused necrosis of the pars recta of the proximal tubules situated in the outer stripe of the outer medulla of the rat kidney. The earliest morphological changes detectable by light microscopy were observed after eight hours, with several proximal tubules showing necrosis. By sixteen hours a distinct band of tubular necrosis was seen in the outer stripe of the outer medulla. One and two days after dosing proximal tubular necrosis was still evident whereas distal tubules were unaffected. By three days, vacuolation was observed in the pars convoluta of some proximal tubules. Active tubular regeneration was apparent by day five, which was accompanied by a marked increase in renal water and nonprotein sulphydryl content (NP‐SH). By day fourteen substantial recovery had occurred. Ultrastructural changes were seen as early as one hour after HCBD (300 mg/kg, ip) although necrosis was not marked until 8 hr. Mitochondrial swelling was seen 1–4 hr after dosing in the S1and S2segments of the proximal tubule. By 8 hr the major pathological changes were largely confined to the S3segment and consisted of loss of brush border, mitochondrial swelling and cellular necrosis. In conclusion HCBD produces a site‐specific nephrotoxic effect on the proximal tubule in the rat. The pattern of injury was similar to that associated with some other nephrotoxic and ischaemic models of acute renal fa

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe histopathology of hyperplasia of the carotid bodies was studied in 6 cases of hypoxaemia and right ventricular hypertrophy secondary to pan‐acinar emphysema, and in five cases of systemic hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy. The features of the hyperplasia were the same in the two groups. There was proliferation of sustentacular (type II) cells and compression of central cores of chief (type I) cells. It is speculated that the hyperplasia of sustentacular cells is associated in some way with the prevention of retention of sodium ions and water which characterises hypoxic cor pulmonale in “blue bloaters”, systemic hypertension, and ascent to high altitude with the complications of acute mountain sickness, and pulmonary and cerebral o

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA band phagocytosis, following Z line and I band loss. is described in polymyositis, in epsilon amino caproic acid induced myopathy and in an experimental myositis of guinea pigs. It is far less prominent in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.This form of necrosis is always associated with lesions in the plasma membrane. It is argued that the ensuing ionic equilibration with the extracellular fluid allows activation of a calcium activated proteinase (CAP) which digests the Z line. Breakdown of the myofibrils into individual A bands promotes rapid phagocytosis of the myofibre contents and facilitates regeneration of the muscle.

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐seven guinea‐pigs experimentally infected with a virulent strain ofL. icterohaemorrhagiae, were submitted to a renal function study as evaluated through the maximal urinary concentration (MUC) test, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and afterwards had their kidneys examined by light and electron microscopy. Vascular changes were also studied after the administration of colloidal carbon as a marker.Though the MUC test and BUN determination, two groups of tubulo‐interstitial lesions can be visualised, one in animals without renal insufficiency, manifested chiefly by cell edema with RE dilation and another, in animals with renal insufficiency, characterised not only by marked cell edema and mitochondrial changes, but also by proximal tubule regenerative aspects without overt tubular necrosis. Interstitial edema and focal nephritis was prominent in both groups, a finding which minimises their role in the pathogenesis of renal failure in experimental leptospirosis.Vascular injury, affecting the vessels of the renal micro‐circulation chiefly at the cortico‐medular junction, was observed in both groups. Its severity and extension ran parallel to the intensity of the tubular injury. This suggests a simultaneous action of a noxious agent liberated by the leptospires over both structures, tubular damage being accentuated by the local circulator

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCyclosporin A (Cy A) administered orally (100 mg/kg/24 hr) to adult Sprague‐Dawley rats for 21 days caused a number of functional and structural changes. Behavioural effects, including fits, were also observed during the first week. Two animals (25 per cent.) died on days 6 and 10 respectively; a third was killed on day 7 because of fits. Hair loss was continuous during the experimental period. There were marked decreases in total serum protein, albumin and aspartate aminotransferase, accompanied by rises in alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. Examination of the liver revealed moderate centrilobular fatty change and minor dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum. Impaired renal function was also evident from increases in serum urea and creatinine and a striking rise in urinaryN‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucos‐aminidase activity. Kidneys examined at 21 days showed focal proximal tubular cell (PTC) vacuolation and necrosis, clearly evident on light microscopy. Ultrastructural studies revealed dilatation and vesiculation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum within PTC, together with increased lysosome production and the formation of myeloid figures. Glomeruli and distal tubular cells were unaffected.Cy A caused marked lymphopenia, with a progressive increase in circulating neutrophils and monocytes. This was accompanied by the appearance of atypical mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood. The cellularity of the bone marrow was significantly reduced. In the thymus, there was very marked depletion of the medullary zones, and histiocytes containing cellular debris appeared throughout. The most striking feature in the spleen was the loss of lymphocytes within the periarteriolar sheaths and ma

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHamster cheek pouch mucosa was painted with DMBA in order to compare samples of epithelium at different pathological stages of carcinogenesis. Stereological methods were applied to ultrathin sections of tissue to estimate one ultra‐structural index of change, the surface ratio of lamina densa compared with the overlying plasma membrane of cells in stratum basale. Analysis of variance techniques were then employed to isolate and quantify the contributions which different levels of sampling (animals, tissue blocks, microscopic fields) made to the total observed variation in this surface ratio. Economical sampling schemes for future use were calculated from these sampling variances by taking into account the relative costs at each sampling level. Though illustrated by means of the hamster cheek pouch‐DMBA model, our results are pertinent to many other experimental models for quantitative histopathol

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711380201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY