摘要:

AbstractThe cytochemical profile of activated mesothelial cells differs from resting cells. The reaction products of enzymes associated with oxidative mechanisms of cell respiration were easily displayed in activated mesothelial cells; in resting mesothelial cells, only enzymes of the pentose pathway were readily demonstrable. Acid hydrolases were detected in greater quantity than in resting cells, possibly reflecting an increased potential for endocytosis. In addition, the cytochemical assays indicated increased Golgi activity as reflected by the demonstration of thiamine pyrophosphatase, while the content of ribonucleic acid was also increased. These cytochemical features compare well with the ultrastructure of active mesothelial cells which possess abundant ergastoplasm and a well‐developed Golgi apparatus. In comparison with peritoneal macrophages, activated mesothelial cells differ mainly in the quantity of reaction product, there being more in macrophages. The results were significantly different only in the demonstration of lipids which were never found in mesothelial cells, but were invariably present in macrophages. It is still unclear whether the acid mucopolysaccharide hyaluronic acid is produced by or merely transported through the mesothelium from the subserosal sit

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHistological and ultrastructural studies of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) were performed on renal biopsy material from three cases of Bartter's syndrome and two cases of renal artery stenosis. These cases of known JGA hyperfunction were compared with the apparatus in a presumed inactive or basal state as in minimal lesion glomerulonephritis.Light microscopic assessment of the ease of JGA identification, its size and cellularity, provides a valuable reflection of activity and indicates those cases which require ultrastructural assessment of granule turnover.Granule stains often failed to demonstrate any significant increase in granule number in the two conditions studied, and only ultrastructural studies allowed evaluation of secretory activity, rhomboid granule formation and granule release. From these investigations, a proposed mechanism of granule turnover is suggested.The morphological findings in both Bartter's syndrome and renal artery stenosis support the concept of hyperfunction of the apparatus. They may help to elucidate the pathogenesis of Bartter's syndrome and to predict the outcome of surgical intervention in renal artery stenosis.Such studies could profitably be performed on renal biopsies in other disease states, so augmenting our understanding of the contribution of the JGA to the pathogenesis of a variety of glomerular and vascular lesions.

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical evidence of inflammation and the presence of calcium phosphate crystals in the joint fluid are both characteristics frequently seen in osteoarthritic patients. However, the relevance of the crystal deposition to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis remains unclear. In this study of 28 patients with advanced osteoarthritis the frequency and type of crystal deposition has been investigated and the relationship between tissue inflammation and crystal deposition has been explored. Tissue calcification, though present in all patients, is but one of sevral intra‐articular inflammatory agents. Its relevance to inflammation in osteoarthritis is discusse

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExtraepithelial, extraglandular endocrine cells of types EC1and EC2occur in the lamina propria of the normal appendix. They are more numerous in intramucosal neurogenic appendicopathy. Ultrastructurally there is invariably a close association between the cells and non‐myelinated nerve fibres of the mucous plexus. Together they form a complex surrounded by a common basal lamina, and the term enterochromaffin cell‐nerve fibre complex (ECC–NF) is suggested for this morphological and funcitional unit. The derivation of extraepithelial EC cells from the glandular epithelial cells could not be established and the existence of the complexes in held to support an origin from neuroendocrineprogrammed ectob

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe endothelium of the carotid arteries, pulmonary trunk and aorta from twelve human subjects aged between 42 and 86 yr was examineden faceafter staining of the cell borders with a silver nitrate solution. The three vessels each showed similar features with a background pattern of fusiform, mononuclear cells orientated in the longitudinal axis of the vessel. Superimposed on this was a highly variable pattern of small and large polygonal cells and, less commonly, giant cells. Many examples of an abrupt transition from one pattern to another were observed. Preparations which were also stained with haematoxylin showed that large polygonal cells and giant cells contained many nuclei, often arranged into one or more nuclear clusters. The endothelial pattern was related to the underlying intimal structure by taking transverse sections of selected arterial segments. Although a specific endothelial pattern could not be related to a particular intimal morphology, there was a tendency for increasing intimal fibrous thickening and lipid deposition to be associated with more disorganised endothelial patterns and with the presence of large, multinucleate endothelial cells.

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe subecelluar distribution of the NADPH oxidase of guinea‐pig peritoneal‐elicited macrophages was investigated. Postnuclear supernatants obtained from PMA‐stimulated macrophages were fractionated in discontinuous sucrose gradients. The NADPH xoidase was found to be enriched at the interface between 20 and 34 per cent. sucrose. This interface was also enriched in 5′‐nucleotidase, a plasma membrane marker and in glucose‐6‐phosphatase and NADPH‐cytochrome c reductase, two endoplasmic reticulum maarkers. The distribution in the gradient of β‐glucuronidase, a marker of lysosomes and of succinate dehydrogenase, a marker of mitochondria was clearly different from that of NADPH oxidase and of the marker of plasma membrane and of endoplasmic reticulum.These results indicated that in stimulated‐elicited macrophages the NADPH oxidase is associated with a membrane fraction. With the fractionation technique employed it was not possible to clarify whether the oxidase is locatd in the plasma membrane or in the endoplasmic reticulum. In order to clarify this matter the isolation of phagosomes was performed. NADPH oxidase was found to be enriched in the phagosomal fraction. Phagosomes were also found to be enriched in the plasma membrane marker 5′‐nucleotidase. Glucose‐6‐phosphatase, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum, and β‐glucuronidase, a marker of lysosomes were not enriched in the phagosomal fraction. The results obtained clearly suggest that the activated NADPH oxidase of peritoneal elicited macrophages of guinea pig is

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was undertaken to determine whether elastase injury, which results in extensive remodelling of the hamster lung to produce a panacinar type of emphysema, also induces significant lung cell damage. Anaesthetised hamsters were given a single intratracheal injection of 0.3 mg (18 units) purified elastase (Sigma Type IV) in phsiologic saline and were killed 4, 6, 8, 16, 24 h, 2, 4, 8, and 16 days after exposure, DNA synthesis was assessed by autoradiography of sectioned tissue and scintillation counting of tissue blocks using injected tritiated thymidine (3HTdR). DNA, RNA and protein levels were also measured. Saline injected and unexposed animals were used as controls.Widespread mitotic activity was induced in three separate cell compartments, the peak of activity in each compartment occurring at different times. The first peak in labelling index was seen in non‐ciliated, non‐secretory bronchial cell at 24 h when a value of 8 per cent. was reached. This was followed by mitosis in Type II alveolar cell with a labelling index of 15 per cent. at 2 days and, lastly, in endothelial cells which showed an index of 9.8 per cent. at 4 days. The differences between the peaks was significant (P ≤ 0.001). RNA content in elastase‐exposed animals showed prolonged depression and had not regained control values by the end of the experiment. Protein and DNA content, and3HTdR incorporation showed significant elevations, particularly about the fourth day after injury. Protein and DNA content and3HTdR incorporation were not significantly changed in either group of controls.The study shows that there is asynchronous mitotic activity in bronchial, alveolar Type II epithelial, and endothelial cells following a dose of elastase which is known to induce emphysema. More important, it shows that the lung reaction to elastase is quite different from the response induced by oxygen, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and cadmium chloride injuries, where the injury is predominantly epithelial. In contrast, we believe that elastase damages the structural framework of the lung and that this indirectly stimulates mitotic activity in the cells lining airways and blood

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711360301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY