ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and five cases of pure ductal carcinomain situ(DCIS) seen in the Guy's Hospital breast unit between 1975 and 1991 were reviewed. The presence and extent of necrosis and the degree of cytonuclear differentiation were assessed and the expression of p53 protein, cerbB2protein, progesterone receptor, and a proliferation antigen KiS1, all factors reported to be of prognostic significance in invasive ductal carcinoma, was evaluated using immunohis‐tochemical methods. A strong correlation was seen between the presence and extent of necrosis and the degree of cytonuclear differentiation and between both these morphological criteria and the biological markers as well as between the individual markers. The presence of extensive necrosis was associated with lack of cytonuclear differentiation and both were associated with a high proliferation rate, the presence of cerbB2and p53 protein, and the absence of progesterone receptors. In cases with little or no necrosis, there was good nuclear differentiation and a strong correlation with the presence of progesterone receptor, absence of cerbB2and p53 protein, and a low rate of proliferatio

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prognostic value of oncogenic antigen 519 (OA‐519) expression and tumour proliferative activity was evaluated in a retrospective series of 118 patients with low‐risk breast cancer. Low risk was defined as negative axillary nodes, tumour diameter ⩽50 mm, and no histological evidence of invasion of skin or deep fascia (=T1N0M0and T2N0M0). The median follow‐up time was 104 months (range 5–143 months). Immunohistochemical analysis of OA‐519 expression was performed on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue. The proliferative activity was estimated using a Ki‐67 equivalent monoclonal antibody (MIB‐1), which is applicable on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue after microwave pretreatment. OA‐519 was expressed in about one‐third of the tumours and the percentage of proliferating cells (the MIB‐1 index) ranged between 1 and 72 per cent (median 17 per cent). Using multivariate Cox analysis, both the MIB‐1 index and OA‐519 expression were of independent prognostic value (2p⩽0·01), and the combined immunohistological approach may therefore be useful in selecting patients with node‐negative breast cancer w

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAbnormalities of chromosomes 11 and 17 have been widely reported in invasive carcinoma of the breast. Interphase cytogenetics using pericentromeric repeat probes allows the evaluation of numerical chromosomal aberrations in tumour cell populations. We have developed a method for interphase cytogenetics on fine needle aspirates taken from breast tumours and have applied it to the analysis of chromosomes 11 and 17 in 49 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma. Frequency distributions of signal number were generated for each case and no correlation was found between modal signal number and tumour size at presentation, nodal status or tumour differentitation. In 14 cases, two copies of each of chromosomes 11 and 17 were equal but abnormal. In 14 cases, the chromosome 11 number was greater than chromosome 17 and in 7 cases, the chromosome 17 number was greater than chromosome 11. Chromosome inequality correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases or disseminated disease at presentation and the absence ofin situcarcinoma. There was no relationship with the presence of vascular invasion. These data suggest that numerical chromosome 11 and 17 imbalance may indicate the ability of breast cancers to metastasize rather than invade vessels. The pattern of numerical chromosome abnormality described may define a subgroup of tumours with a greater tendency for metastasis.

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe p53 locus on the short arm of chromosome 17 at 17p13.1 was examined for small genomic deletions and mutations in 23 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cases of special types of breast carcinoma (six medullary, seven apocrine, five differentiated tubular, and five papillary). p53 mutations in the evolutionarily conserved exons 5–9 were detected in 11 cases (four apocrine, two papillary, two medullary, and three differentiated tubular), using the novel non‐radioactive PCR‐based Hydrolink mutation detection enhancement (MDE) method, and confirmed by direct sequencing of the PCR products. Missense mutations causing amino acid substitutions were evenly distributed among exons. One case of apocrine carcinoma showed a polymorphism at codon 213 (CGA→CGG). Twelve out of 23 cases were found to express a strong nuclear signal against CM‐1 and DO‐7, two anti‐p53‐specific antibodies. Small genomic deletions in the vicinity of the p53 locus were detected in 11 tumours (three papillary, three differentiated tubular, two medullary, and three apocrine carcinomas), using the multiplex PCR method. No statistical correlation was found between deletions at 17p13.1 and p53 mutations (P<0·5). In addition, p53 mutations and immunoexpression correlated with the c‐erbB‐2 gene product, an oncogenic protein that has been implicated in cell cycle control (P<0·001). Our findings suggest that genomic alterations of the p53 gene are quite common events associated with special types of breast carcinoma, particularly of the apocrine subtype, but the prognostic value is unlikely to

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe contribution of apoptosis (programmed cell death) to cellular damage in human liver disease is unknown. Using thein situDNA end labelling method (ISEL), evidence was sought of programmed cell death (PCD) in liver tissue from patients with various liver diseases. In particular, the study aimed to determine whether PCD is involved in either the loss of interlobular bile ducts (vanishing bile duct syndrome—VBDS) or the perivenular hepatocyte drop‐out, both of which are characteristic of irreversible graft rejection. Large numbers of apoptotic hepatocytes were found in pervenular areas in tissues taken from patients with chronic graft rejection. Significant hepatocyte apoptosis, was not seen in long‐term stable allografts, primary biliary cirrhosis, cholestasis, paracetamol‐induced fulminant hepatic failure, or fulminant hepatic failure of indeterminate origin (non‐A, non‐B, non‐C hepatitis). Bile ducts rarely stained positively, but mononuclear cells present in the post‐transplant tissues were frequently positive, showing nuclear or cytoplasmic staining. The presence of cytoplasmic staining suggested that some mononuclear cells had ingested apoptotic DNA from other cellular sources. PCD may thus contribute to the perivenular hepatocyte loss in chronic rejection. The absence of ductular epithelial cell staining suggests that PCD is not involved significantly in the bile duct loss of VBDS. Furthermore, apoptosis of monomuclear cells implies that PCD may be involved in regulating the inflammatory cell infiltration of

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn previous histological studies, biliary epithelial cells (BEC) in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but not controls, reacted strongly with antibodies specific for the major autoantigen associated with PBC, the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC‐E2). In this study we have used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to document the precise subscellular localization of PDC‐E2 in BEC. Two antibodies which recognize PDC‐E2 were used: affinity‐purified anti‐PDC‐E2 raised in rabbits; and human antibody from the serum of patients with PBC, affinity‐purified against human heart PDC. The intracellular localization of antibody binding was determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy and TEM. Both antibodies bound to the inner membrane of mitochondria in BEC isolated from both patients with PBC and controls, but binding to the external aspect of the plasma membrane was observed only in BEC from patients with PBC. Surface antigen expression in PBC may make BEC immunolo

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInteractions between leukocytes and crypt epithelium were extensively investigated in 12 cases of chronic recurrent tonsillitis, using immunohistochemistry and cytofluorimetric analysis of cell suspensions. Intraepithelial leukocytes are a mixed cell population composed of 50 per cent CD20‐positive B lymphocytes, 40 per cent T lymphocytes with a 2.7 CD4/CD8 ratio, and 10 per cent CD68‐positive macrophages. About 4 per cent of intrepithelial leukocytes are proliferating cells, as indicated by Ki‐67 staining. Leukocyte infiltration is associated with expression on epithelial cells of the adhesion molecules ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1. Crypt epithelium is supported by a basement membrane showing frequent interruptions and connected with the reticular stroma of the lymphoid tissue, which was stained for fibronectin, tenascin, collagen, and laminin. Extracellular matrix (ECM) distribution was correlated with integrin expression on B and T lymphocytes. It was found that the ECM was arranged differently in the follicles and in the extrafollicular area and that B and T lymphocytes exhibited different patterns of integrin e

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence ofHerpes simplexvirus (HSV) endometritis in spontaneous abortions in HIV‐positive women using non‐isotopicin situhybridization (NISH). Post‐abortal endometrial curettings from 18 HIV‐positive women were investigated for the presence of HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 DNA with NISH. In addition, 18 unselected post‐abortal endometrial curettings in HIV‐negative women were used as controls, together with samples of normal proliferative and secretory endometrium. Thirteen of the 18 specimens (72 per cent) from the HIV‐positive study group demonstrated the presence of HSV DNA, while 2 of the 18 HIV‐negative group (11 per cent) showed a positive signal. Although the prevalence of HSV endometritis in the HIV‐positive group was significantly higher than in the HIV‐negative group (P<0.05), a causal role for the virus in inducing the abortion remains to be determined. In addition, the significance of HSV endometritis with regard to the clinical management of HIV‐positive pat

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711760411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY