摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies of the proliferating cell fraction in Hodgkin's disease (HD) have been directed towards the classical Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells (HRS) to the exclusion of the background population and have not included cases of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease (NLPHD). Using an antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), we have determined the growth fraction of HRS cells and L&H cells in paraffin sections of 15 cases of classical HD [12 nodular sclerosis (NS), 3 mixed cellularity (MC)] and eight cases of NLPHD. By double staining with anti‐PCNA and antibodies to B cells (CD20) and T cells (CD45RO), we also determined the growth fraction and immunophenotype of the background population in each case. In classical HD, 50·4 per cent of HRS cells were PCNA‐positive and judged to be proliferating, which is comparable to previous studies, while in NLPHD 76·9 per cent of L&H cells were PCNA‐positive. In both classical HD and NLPHD, the majority of PCNA‐positive cells in the background were T cells, which showed a growth fraction of 57·8 and 68·5 per cent, respectively; in comparison, only 4 per cent of B cells were PCNA‐positive in each type of HD. L&H cells are widely accepted to be B cells and there is growing evidence that HRS cells are also B cell‐derived. Our results underline a relationship between classical HD and NLPHD and suggest that the characteristic histological features of both diseases may be caused by the production and release of cytokines fro

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProliferative activity was measured in 165 paraffin‐embedded prostatic carcinomas using DNA flow cytometric analysis of the S‐phase (SPF) and G2/M‐phase fractions and CAS 200 image analysis of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression defined immunohistochemically by PC10 and 19A2 monoclonal antibodies. No significant associations were found between the flow cytometric and the two immunohistochemical measures of cell proliferation. Of the four indices, only SPF, S + G2/M, and immunostaining with 19A2 antibody were associated with the poor histological grade of the tumour. High SPF and S + G2/M were significantly associated with poor 10‐year overall survival (P<0·001) and prostatic carcinoma‐specific survival (P16 per cent of cells stained) with 19A2 antibody was associated with poor prognosis only in univariate analysis, and PC10 immunostaining had no prognostic value. In conclusion, a high proliferative activity as defined by flow cytometric S + G2/M is an independent predictor of poor survival in patients with non‐metastatic prostatic carcinoma. PCNA immunostaining from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded prostatic carcinomas has littl

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThose melanomas which fail to behave as expected from their Breslow thickness provide interesting material for study. In an attempt to explain differences in behaviour, we have evaluated three distinct proliferative markers in 23 thick melanomas which failed to metastasize and in 20 well‐matched control tumours with documented metastasis. The test group demonstrated significantly greater numbers of mitoses when expressed as an index (mitoses per 1000 cells), whilst no difference was found when the results were expressed in terms of mitoses per unit area. Tumours showing epidermal ulceration possessed higher mitotic indices than those of non‐ulcerated lesions. High fractions of PCNA immunolabelling combined with low mitotic indices were observed frequently in the non‐metastasizing group. This result and its possible relation to survival advantage are discussed in detail. Both AgNOR numbers and patterns failed to act as prognostic variables—indeed, AgNORs failed to correiate with the other proliferative indices, suggesting that their value as a marker of tumour growth is severely

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInactivation of tumour suppressor genes may be an important aetiological factor in many human cancers including breast. In a study of 197 breast cancer patients, tumour tissue was snap‐frozen at the time of surgery and immunohistochemical labelling for p53 protein and retinoblastoma (Rb) gene product carried out using an indirect immunohistochemical technique. Tumours were scored by two independent observers for the intensity of nuclear staining for each antibody. Expression of p53 protein showed a significant association with a shorter time to relapse (P= 0·03) and death (P= 0·02) (log rank test). p53 expression did not correlate with nodal status but showed a significant association with high tumour grade (P= 0·001). Rb gene expression showed no relationship to relapse or survival but loss of expression showed a significant correlation with positive lymph node status. The manner by which these proteins might act to determine tumour behaviour remains to be establi

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this study we analysed by immunohistochemistry the expression of p53 protein in 14 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs), 22 other types of sarcoma (eight leiomyosarcomas, four rhabdomyosarcomas, four liposarcomas, two fibrosarcomas, two chondrosarcomas, one malignant schwannoma, and one dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans), and 25 non‐malignant mesenchymal lesions (eight dermatofibromas, four cases of nodular fasciitis, three leiomyomas, three fibromatoses, two epithelioid leiomyomas, two neurofibromas, one schwannoma, one myositis ossificans, and one giant cell tumour of tendon sheath). Four MFHs and nine other types of sarcoma (four leiomyosarcomas, two chondrosarcomas, one liposarcoma, one fibrosarcoma, and one dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans) showed nuclear positivity for p53. Of the benign soft tissue lesions, p53 positivity was observed in two fibromatoses, one nodular fasciitis, and one dermatofibroma. The number of p53‐positive cells in these benign lesions was considerably smaller than that in most of the p53‐positive sarcomas.The p53 positivity in MFHs and other types of sarcoma indicates that p53 gene alterations may play a part in the neoplastic transformation of these tumours. The occurrence of p53 positivity in benign mesenchymal lesions suggests that sometimes p53 protein may accumulate in cells without an associated malignancy. Because of this, p53 immunoreactivity cannot, by itself, be used as a criterion of malignancy According to our results, p53 positivity in over 1 per cent of tumour cells in mesenchymal lesions favours malig

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe expression of inhibin, a 10.7 kD follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH)‐suppressing prostatic peptide of 94 amino acids, was investigated in normal human endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and adenocarcinoma, employing the avidin‐biotin immunoperoxidase technique. The antiserum used was raised in rabbits against prostatic inhibin isolated from human seminal plasma. The study included 15 well differentiated, 32 moderately differentiated, and 21 poorly differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas; 26 simple, five complex, and two complex atypical endometrial hyperplasias; and, for comparison, 25 normal proliferative and 30 normal secretory endometria. In malignant and hyperplastic endometrial tissues, inhibin was localized in the epithelial cytoplasm of endometrial glands while the stroma showed weak reactivity. On the other hand, inhibin was undetectable in the early proliferative phase, but was present on the luminal border of the glandular epithelium in the mid‐ and late proliferative phases. Secretory endometrium displayed strong inhibin reactivity in the cytoplasm of glandular epithelium and in the stroma. The increased inhibin reactivity in secretory endometrium as compared with the proliferative phase is indicative of a functional role for inhibin in the uterus. In addition, its localization in proliferative, hyperplastic, and malignant endometria suggests a possible regulatory role for inhibin in endometrial proliferation and

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies to dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DAP IV, EC 3.4.14.5) were raised and selectively applied to paraffin‐embedded sections of thyroid carcinoma. Five monoclonal antibodies were found to stain paraffin sections of thyroid carcinomas. Using one of these antibodies (44‐4), we studied retrospectively aberrant expression of DAP IV in thyroid carcinoma to determine whether immunohistochemical staining with DAP IV antibody is useful in pathological diagnosis.In almost all cases of thyroid follicular and papillary carcinoma, tumour cells were positive (99.0 per cent) with DAP IV, whereas the cases of follicular adenoma showed a low incidence (27.1 per cent) of positive staining. Follicular adenoma with incomplete capsular invasion had a higher positive incidence (50 per cent) than follicular adenoma without incomplete capsular invasion (9.6 per cent).In positive staining cases previously diagnosed as benign tumours, 11 benign cases reacting positively with DAP IV were rediagnosed as carcinoma after re‐examinatioan of more thyroid paraffin block sections or serial sections.These findings suggest that DAP IV monoclonal antibody is very useful in distinguishing thyroid follicular carcinoma from follicular ad

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe source of angiogenic activity of fibrin degradation products has been sought in a series of experiments, applying degradation products from different types of fibrin and fibrinogen to the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The presence of platelets or fibronectin during clotting was not essential for activity, and neither was crosslinking. Fibrinogen degradation products were non‐stimulatory, as was serum. Molecular sieve column chromatography indicated a range of active fragments. Admixture of active fibrin degradation products with antifibrin fragment E, but not D, antiserum neutralized activity. Preparations containing only fibrin fragment E retained activity. A commercial preparation of fibrinogen fragment E was inactive until treated with thrombin. These experiments point to fibrin fragment E being the source of angiogenic activity, with thrombin cleavage being the essential step in generating activit

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ability of an acetylcholinesterase‐stained frozen section to detect an increase in large cholinergic nerve fibres within the muscularis mucosae and extending into the lamina propria was a significant step forward in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (HD). However, such frozen section diagnosis is not always possible. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of PGP9.5 to detect this pattern of mucosalnen/e fibre staining immunohistochemically. Sixtyfour specimens were included in the study. Twenty‐six of these had been diagnosed as HD by conventional means. All cases were stained immunohistochemically with PGP9.5, S100, and anti‐neurofilaments (NF). Twenty‐four cases of HD were also stained with neurone‐specific enolase (NSE). PGP9.5 reliably stained fibres in the mucosal and submucosal plexuses, and ganglion cells, when the latter were present. This positive staining of ganglion cells was more intense than that seen with NSE, and the positive fibre staining was more intense than that seen with NF. Increased lamina propria fibres were detected with PGP9.5 in only 37 per cent of HD cases compared with S100 positive staining in 60 per cent of cases. However, when S100 staining was assessed alone, it gave a higher false‐negative rate in diagnosing HD than PGP9.5 used alone. Therefore we would recommend the use of PGP9.5 and S100 together for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of HD in formalin‐f

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ultrastructure and immunostaining with antibodies against actin, desmin, and vimentin were studied in the peritubular myofibroblasts of testes from normal men and men with Klinefelter' syndrome (KS). The seminiferous tubules were classified into five types (a–e), related to the progressive degree of sclerosis measured as thickening of the lamina propria. In control testes, only types a and b tubules were present, whereas the testes from men with KS showed types b, c, d, and e tubules. The ultrastructural study revealed abundant microfilament bundles with electron‐dense bodies in the cell periphery of the myofibroblasts in a and b tubules. In c tubules, the microfilament bundles of the myofibroblasts were lacking in electron‐dense bodies. Myofibroblasts in tubules d and e showed scanty microfilament bundles. Immunostaining of peritubular myofibroblasts with anti‐actin antibodies was intense in tubule types a–c and scanty in types d and e. Immunostaining of myofibroblasts with anti‐desmin antibodies was intense in tubule types a and b, and negative in types c–e. Immunostaining with anti‐vimentin antibodies was weak in tubule types a–c and intense in types d and e. Quantitative study revealed that with the progression of sclerosis, the number and volume per cross‐sectioned tubule of actin‐containing cells and, mainly, desmin‐containing cells decrease while the number and volume of vimentin‐

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711680111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY