ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnzymatic and non‐enzymatic treatments for antigen unmasking on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded, dewaxed sections were optimized and compared by the use of a panel of antibodies of diagnostic relevance (anti‐cytokeratins, vimentin. S‐100. T‐ and B‐cell receptors, Ki‐67/MIB 1, muscle actin). Non‐enzymatic unmasking was obtained by boiling the slides in a microwave oven in 0.01 M salt solution (pH 6) or in 6 M urea. Trypsin or pronase digestion was used for comparison and found to be necessary for some of the reagents. The investigation was then extended to 256 antibodies; the epitopic amino acid sequence was known for 48 of them. We found that enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antigen unmasking are not dependent on the epitope sequence, but some antigens benefit selectively from one treatment but not from the other. Denaturation of proteins is the likely mechanism which leads to immunodetection on microwave oven‐boiled slides; this suggestion is supported by the use of denaturating solutions and by the observation that endogenous enzymes were inactivated and a few antigens were no longer immunodetectable after boiling. Non‐enzymatic methods for antigen unmasking are a powerful new tool for broadening the use of antibodies for immunostaining formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded sections and should be used in parallel with the tr

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe immunoreactivity of a CD1a monoclonal antibody (MAb), denoted 010, was investigated by means of the streptavidin‐biotin‐peroxidase method in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues from 47 cases. The samples comprised reactive lymphoid proliferations of skin, tonsil, and lymph node including dermatopathic lymphadenopathy and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, and thymomas. Interdigitating and dermal dendritic cells, veiled cells, Langerhans' cells, and also cortical thymocytes and their neoplastic counterparts displayed immunostaining with MAb 010 in paraffin sections. These results are identical to previous ones reported for other CD1a MAbs in fresh or frozen specimens. The findings suggest that the binding site of 010 is a fixation‐resistant epitope of CD1a antigen which has not been previously

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrimary cervical carcinomas from 92 patients were investigated for genetic alterations in the tumour suppressor gene TP53. Studies of allelic imbalance (AI) were performed by Southern blot analysis and by using two PCR (polymerase chain reaction) polymorphisms within the TP53 gene. AI in the tumour was observed in 22 per cent (11 of 52 informative patients) and was significantly associated with recurrence both in a univariate (P=0.013) and in a multivariate (P=0.045) analysis. The DNA samples were subjected to mutation analysis of four of the conserved domains in the TP53 gene, using PCR followed by constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE). Mutations were observed in 2 of 92 tumours (2 per cent), of which one was a silent mutation and the other a frameshift. Overexpression of the p53 protein was found by immunostaining of sections from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded material in 55 per cent (51/92) of the tumours. In 88 per cent (45/51) of these, overexpression was present in less than 5 per cent of the tumour cells. Overexpression was significantly associated with relapse‐free survival only in a univariate analysis (P=0.045). AI of the TP53 locus did not correlate with p53 expression or mutation. The important gene on 17p, responsible for the shorter disease‐free survival for patients with AI of TP53, may therefore be another gene closely linked to TP53. In addition, the 92 tumour samples were tested for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. Fifty‐four per cent (50/92) of the samples were positive for HPV 16 usingin situhybridization, and 93 per cent (86/92) using the PCR technique. The numbers for HPV 18 were 15 per cent (14/92) and 23 per cent (21/92), respectively. Twenty‐one per cent (19/92) were positive for both HPV 16 and HPV 18, while 4 per cent (4/92) were negative for both HPV 16 and 18. The tumour with the frameshift TP53 mutation was HPV 16‐positive, and the four samples negative for HPV 16 and 18 did not contain TP53 mutations within the conserved domains but had elevated p53 prote

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe possibility that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is expressed by non‐proliferating liver cells was investigated. Liver biopsies from 107 patients were investigated, which included histologically normal liver, metastatic tumour, and inflammatory lesions. PCNA was detected using immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody PC10. This was compared with the proportion of proliferating cells as assessed by immunostaining for the Ki‐67 antigen using the monoclonal antibody MIB 1. Most cases of histologically normal liver showed few PC10‐positive cells. PCNA‐positive hepatocytes far outnumbered those positive with MIB 1 in specimens showing metastatic tumour or an inflammatory cell infiltrate. There was no relation between the degree of PCNA overexpression and the type of tumour present or the nature of the inflammatory lesion. Other cell types, including the biliary epithelium, did not show this large difference between the proportions of PC10‐ and MIB 1‐positive cells. It is concluded that non‐proliferating hepatocytes increase their levels of PCNA in a wide variety of pathological conditions. This may be mediated by cytokines released by tumour cells or infla

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pS2 protein is oestrogen‐regulated in breast cancer cell lines. Previous studies have shown a relationship to oestrogen receptor in primary breast carcinomas. This study examined 178 breast carcinomas for pS2 using immunohistochemistry. A high frequency (77 per cent) of positive tumours was found, using a 10 per cent cut‐off point to define a positive tumour. There was no relationship with menopausal status or node status, a significant association with differentiation, a weak association with oestrogen receptor, and no association with progesterone receptor or overall survival. Two patterns of cellular localization were observed: cytoplasmic and membrane. The former showed a stronger relationship with oestrogen receptor status, although there were oestrogen receptornegative tumours with marked pS2 staining. Membrane staining showed a stronger relationship with differentiation, with a staining pattern similar to that observed for milk fat globule membrane. The staining patterns observed may support a role for pS2 in a secretory mechanism. However, the expression and function of pS2 in breast carcinomas emain complex, and are not simply related to oestrogen regulat

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEndothelial cell activation and alterations of intravascular coagulation were investigated in 27 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), in five cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and in ten reactive lymph nodes. Lymph node sections were immunostained for E‐selectin, a molecule present on cytokine‐activated endothelial cells; for tissue factor (TF), a cellular initiator of the coagulation cascade; for glycoprotein (gp) II/III, a platelet‐specific antigen; and for fibrin. In HD, vascular activation was particularly prominent in the nodular sclerosis subtype, as indicated by a larger number of E‐selectin‐positive blood vessels (72 ± 49) compared with mixed cellularity (22 ± 37). High expression of E‐selectin was associated with alterations of intravascular coagulation, as indicated by immunostaining of some vascular endothelial cells for TF, by a higher incidence of intravascular thrombi, and by the extensive presence of areas of fibrin exudation and necrosis. In ALCL, the levels of endothelial cell activation and intravascular coagulation were comparable to those of HD nodular sclerosis. In reactive nodes, some E‐selectinpositive blood vessels were observed only in 3/10 cases; immunostaining for TF was not detected on endothelial cells; and alterations of intravascular coagulation were

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe lineage of Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg cells is still unclear. Detection of both immunoglobulin light chains in Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg cells by immunohistochemistry is a well‐known phenomenon. However, up to now,in situhybridization techniques have failed to demonstrate light chain messenger(m) RNA in Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg cells. In this investigation, we have analysed 26 cases of Hodgkin's disease (nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity, and nodular sclerosis type) using digoxigenin‐labelled oligonucleotide probes forKand λ light chains byin situhybridization. In nearly half of the cases of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease and in one case of mixed cellularity type, mRNA for only one light chain could be clearly demonstrated in the lymphocytic and histiocytic cells, Hodgkin, and Reed‐Sternberg cells. These results support the idea that at least some cases of Hodgkin's disease are B‐

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGlomerular area, perimeter, and mean maximum glomerular diameter were assessed in post‐mortem kidney tissue from 114 children who died suddenly in accidents and who were considered to have been previously healthy. One hundred glomeruli were measured from each case using a computer‐based measurement system. Regression analysis was used to analyse glomerular size with respect to age, body weight, height, and body mass index. The estimated mean glomerular area for newborns was 7934 μm2(SE 314), increasing 8 per cent per year to 18 219 μm2at 15 years of age. The estimated mean maximum glomerular diameter increased from 112 μm (SE 1.9μm) for newborns, approximately 3.6μm per year to reach 167 μm at age 15. Glomerular size correlated better with age than with height, weight, or body mass index, and glomeruli in the inner cortex were significantly larger than those in the middle and outer cortex. Glomerular size was significantly greater in female children than in the male children over the age range

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711710212

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY