ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFive antibodies directed against the whole or part of p53 protein have been used to detect the protein immunohistochemically in 70 infiltrating breast carcinomas and 10 ductal carcinomasin situ. Mutations are known to occur in different conserved domains, and the antibodies employed spanned the expected sites.P53 protein was identified in 53 per cent of infiltrating carcinomas using the antibodies PAb 240, PAb 1801, C19, and JG8. The antibody PAb 421 detected the protein in 31·5 per cent; all positive with the other antibodies. Well‐differentiated oestrogen receptor‐positive tumours had a low incidence of p53 detection. Variation in the percentage of reactivity was seen between carcinomas and in some cases between different antibodies in the same cancer. Those carcinomas with a high percentage of positive cells with all antibodies were more likely to have metastasized to nodes, be at an advanced stage, and be oestrogen receptor‐negative/epidermal growth factor receptor‐positive. There was no significant correlation with c‐erbB‐2 protein expression or retinoblastoma protein loss. p53 protein was detected in a high proportion of cells in three of the six comedo ductal carcinomasin situstudied but either not at all or at a lower level in tumours of the cribriform type.P53 mutations are common in breast carcinomas, but heterogeneity within individual tumours in frequent. Marked expression of p53 appears to relate to tumour

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInteractions between cells and extracellular matrices are mediated in part by a family of heterodimeric molecules known as integrins. We have investigated, using immunohistology, the distribution of six integrin alpha sub‐units in normal breast tissue and 26 breast carcinomas. Alpha‐1 integrin (collagen/laminin receptor sub‐unit) was detected in myoepithelium, but not in luminal epithelium nor in most (20/26) carcinomas. Its expression on fibroblasts was enhanced in demoeplastic stroma. Both benign and malignant epithelium showed uniform positive staining for alpha‐2 (collagen receptor sub‐unit) and for alpha‐3 (collagen/fibronectin/laminin receptor sub‐unit). All epithelium was negative for alpha‐4 (sub‐unit of a fibronectin receptor). Epithelial staining for alpha‐5 (fibronectin receptor sub‐unit) was weak in all samples. Alpha‐6 (sub‐unit of two integrin laminin receptors) showed conspicuous changes in all invasive carcinomas. In normal tissues, there was weak staining of epithelial cytoplasm with alpha‐6 antibody and moderate cell membrane staining. Strongest staining was present in a basement membrane distribution. In carcinomas, loss of cytoplasmic and cell membrane staining was variable, but basal membrane staining was diminished or absent in all tumours. Loss of basal membrane staining for alpha‐6 integrin corresponded closely to loss of immunoreactivity for its ligand lami

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNinety‐eight consecutive patients with primary operable breast cancer and an initial diagnosis of no regional lymph node metastases as assessed by conventional light microscopy were studied. Immunohistological staining of routine lymph node sections was assessed using two monoclonal antibodies: CAM 5.2 (Becton Dickinson) with specificity for low molecular weight cytokeratian, and NCRC‐11 (CRC Laboratories, Nottingham) with specificity for epithelial mucin antigen. Positive staining for occult metastases was seen in nine patients with CAM 5.2 and in eight of these nine with NCRC‐11. At a follow‐up out to 14 years, there was no difference in overall survival, in recurrence‐free survival, or in frequency of or time to presentation of local or regional recurrences between occult metastasis‐positive and occult metastasis‐negative patients.This study concludes that while immunohistological staining of routine lymph node sections increases the diagnostic yield of metastases, it is not to be recommended as this increase is of no useful c

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCerebrovascular amyloid deposition (CVAD), caused by deposition of the β/A4 protein, has been previously identified as a cause of cerebral haemorrhage, yet its prevalence is uncertain. The presence of vascular amyloid was studied in brains of 169 patients by immunohistochemical and Congo red staining. Fifty patients had cerebral haemorrhage (CH), 56 had cerebral infarction (CI), and 63 had neither haemorrhage nor infarction (control group). CVAD was found in 38 per cent of the CH group, 25 per cent of the CI group, and 32 per cent of the control group. The incidence of CVAD increased with age in each group. Immunohistocemical staining with an antibody to β/A4 protein was more sensitive than Congo red staining in demonstrating the extent of vascular amyloid.Within the CH group, CVAD was present in the vessels at the site of haemorrhage in 6/8 (75 per cent) of pure superficial (lobar) cerebral haemorrhages. While amyloid was detected in vessels in the brain of 10/37 (27 per cent) of pure deep cerebral haemorrhages, none was present in vessels at the site of haemorrhage.CVAD is a common pathological finding in the elderly and has a significant association with pure superficial (lobar) cerebral haemorrhage

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAtrial amyloid deposits are common in the ageing human heart and contain α‐atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP99–126) immunoreactivity. However, atrial myocytes secrete both amino and carboxy terminal fragments of the ANP prohormone (proANP1–126) and also express an homologous, but separate brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Characteristic amyloid deposits were identified in the atria of 9/22 patients (26–63 years of age) with end‐stage heart failure. Amyloid fibrils displayed immunoreactivity for both amino and carboxy terminal fragments of proANP1–126and for the distinct BNP sequence. As in other endocrine organs, both mature and precursor peptide sequences appear to be constituents of amyloid fibrils. Whilst immunoreactivity for cardiac peptide hormones is co‐localized in atrial amyloid deposits, it is uncertain whether the increase in natriuretic peptide expression which accompanies cardiac failure contributes to the incidence of isolated atri

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐seven cases of benign laryngeal papillomas, both single and multiple variants, were analysed for human papilomavirus (HPV) by DNA slot‐blot hybridization chiefly to determine the pattern of infection in Hong Kong Chinese. DNA was extracted from paraffin blocks of formalin‐fixed tissue and probed separately for HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. Sixteen cases (59 per cent) showed the presence of at least one of these four HPV genomes. Thirteen cases (48 per cent) were positive for HPV 11 only. Three other cases (11 per cent) showed triple positivity for HPV 6, 11, and 16. None were positive for HPV 18. The predominance of HPV 11 infection contrasts with other series which have shown either an almost equal distribution of HPV 6 and 11 or a predominance of HPV 6. The finding of HPV 16 in three cases was unexpected. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers complementary to the upstream regulatory region of the HPV 16 viral DNA, the presence of HPV 16 genome was confirmed in all three cases. As the number of HPV 16‐positive cases in this study is small, analysis of more cases using fresh biopsy material and a wider range of HPV type‐specific PCR primers is warranted to determine the relative incidence of HPV subtypes in these benign laryngeal p

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe investigated the cytotoxic effects of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF α) and interferon γ(IFN γ) on rat hepatocytes in culture. Under phase contrast microscopy, we found a small number of dying hepatocytes in control cultures, each having been transformed into a cluster of small spheres. Under transmission electron microscopy, these cells showed the characteristics of apoptosis. TNF α and a combination of TNF α and IFN γ exerted a cytotoxic effect, whereas IFN γ showed no significant cytotoxicity when assessed by neutral red assay and by measuring LDH activity in culture medium. Under phase contrast microscopy, the number of apoptotic cells increased with the addition of either TNF α or IFN γ, and markedly with the addition of both. DNA extracted from apoptotic cells cultured with TNF α and IFN γ was fragmented, and a set of bands of the ‘200 bp ladder’, which is characteristic of the DNA of apoptotic cells, was observed in agarose gel electrophoresis. These findings indicate that cultured hepatocytes die from apoptosis. TNF α killed cultured rat hepatocytes by increasing apoptosis, and this effect was potentiated by the addition of INF γ, which by itself was also

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe examined the morphological and haemodynamic changes in the livers of rats following acute obstruction of portal vein branches by the injection of agar into the portal vein. Histological and angiographic examinations of the liver were performed after measurements of portal vein pressurein vivoand portal vascular resistance by an isolated liver perfusion method. Portal vein embolism induced hepatic necrosis in the centrilobular and midzonal areas, which was rapidly resorbed and replaced by regenerated liver cells leaving no trace. This recovery from hepatic necrosis was closely related to recanalization of obstructed portal vein branches, which led to falls in both the elevated portal vein pressure and the increased portal vascular resistance following embolization.

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711650311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY