ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDetection of B‐cell monoclonality using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) promises the quick and cost‐effective separation of monoclonal from polyclonal B‐cell disease. However, the efficiency of the method has yet to be fully assessed, particularly with regard to disease type and selection of PCR primers.We have evaluated two approaches based on amplification of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene using frame work 2 (Fr2) and framework 3 (Fr3) region primers. Frozen tissue samples from 94 cases of low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma were investigated, all of which had previously been shown to be monoclonal by Southern blot analysis. Using a Fr2 primer, we were able to show monoclonality in 85 per cent of cases; with Fr3, 80 per cent of cases; and using both techniques in separate reactions, 90 per cent of cases.Thus, a significant false‐negative rate exists with either primer which can be reduced by using both. We also found a difference in the efficiency of detection in different types of lymphoma; only 87 percent of mucosa‐associated lymphomas and centroblastic/centrocytic lymphomas were shown to be monoclonal, whereas all of the other lymphoma types tested were positive using one or both methods.We conclude that PCR detection of B‐cell monoclonality allows rapid analysis of tissue samples, including paraffin‐processed material. False‐negative results which occur in some types of lymphoma can be reduced by the use of two or more

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrimary brain lymphomas (PBLs) have only rarely been analysed for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) rearrangements. In this study, DNA was extracted from paraffin blocks in 23 cases of PBL and examined for IgH rearrangements using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the complementarity‐determining region III (CDR‐III) of rearranged IgH genes. Fifteen of the cases were phenotyped on paraffin‐embedded tissue using a pan‐B and pan‐T antibody (L26 and UCHL‐1, respectively). The remaining eight cases were not phenotyped for lack of tissue. For comparison, we used DNA extracted from paraffin blocks of normal brain, lymph nodes with lymphoid hyperplasia, and non‐lymphoid malignancies. PCR products were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Among the ten B‐cell PBL; four had a pattern indicative of IgH rearrangement, one had a germline pattern, and five had no detectable PCR products. Among the five T‐cell PBLs, one had a germline pattern and four had no detectable products. Among the eight untyped PBLs, two had IgH rearrangement, four had a germline pattern, and two gave no detectable products. DNA from non‐lymphoid tissues gave a consistent germline pattern, while DNA from polyclonal lymphoid populations (lymph node) had a pattern of polyclonal IgH rearrangement. In a dilution study, a clonal rearrangement could be detected as long as the clone's DNA constituted at least 10 per cent of the total DNA. PCR to amplify CDR‐III can be successfully applied to DNA extracted from paraffin blocks, and it detected a clonal rearrangement in 50 per cent of cases that gave a detectable pattern. This allows clonality analysis of tissue unsuitable for conventional Southern blot analysis. Furthermore, B‐cell PBLs have IgH rearrangements similar to those of extrac

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe occurrence of bcl‐1 and bcl‐2 gene rearrangements was investigated in 37 cases of high‐grade B‐cell lymphomas. Bcl‐2 rearrangement was detectable only in single cases of primary centroblastic lymphoma with a follicular growth pattern, whereas secondary centroblastic lymphomas evolving from a centroblastic–centrocytic lymphoma were positive in up to 60 per cent of the cases analysed. Bcl‐1 rearrangement was found only in one case of immunoblastic B‐cell lymphoma with a history of a pre‐existing lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma. It is concluded that there may be a subgroup of centroblastic lymphomas with a biology similar to that of centroblastic–centrocytic lymphomas. The detection of bcl‐1 rearrangement in high‐grade lymphomas may indicate a second

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe characterization of a new monoclonal antibody (MoAb) recognizing a human B‐cell activation antigen, designated FUN‐1, is described in this paper. Immunoprecipitation revealed that FUN‐1 recognizes an antigen with a molecular weight (MW) of 75 kD. FUN‐1 reacts with pokeweed mitogen‐activated B lymphocytes and monocytes of peripheral blood, but not with unstimulated lymphocytes or granulocytes. It also reacts with large lymphoid cells in germinal centres, Epstein–Barr virus‐transformed B cell lines, large B‐cell lymphomas, Ki‐1‐positive anaplastic largecell lymphomas, and Reed–Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease, but not with Concanavalin A‐activated T cells, acute lymphoblastic leukaemias, T‐cell lymphomas, or low‐grade B‐cell leukaemias. These findings indicate that FUN‐1 recognizes a previously unreported B‐cell activation antigen. This MoAb appears to be useful for the study of maturation and differentiation in the B‐cell lineage as well as for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of B

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have established and morphologically characterized a new human clear‐cell sarcoma cell‐line, HS‐MM, from the pleural effusion of a 39‐year‐old man with pulmonary metastasis derived from the primary popliteal tumour. The HS‐MM cells were round or spindle‐shaped, with round nuclei containing extremely prominent nucleoli. Light microscopically, the heterotransplanted nude mouse tumours showed essentially the same features as those of the original sarcoma, revealing an alveolar pattern of tumour cells with abundant clear cytoplasm. Bothin vitroandin vivo, the cells reacted with anti‐S‐100 protein and melanoma‐specific HMB 45 antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Ultrastructurally, the cells contained round euchromatin‐rich nuclei with large nuclcoli revealing conspicuous nucleolonema, and a large amount of glycogen and a few lysosomal dense bodies, but no premelanosomes in their cytoplasm. The HS‐MM cell line was thus fully proven to exhibit the unique characteristics of a clear cell sarcoma bothin vitroandin vivo, being also compatible with an amelanotic melanoma. This cell line will therefore be extremely useful for clinicopathological and histogenetic studies

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty oral squamous cell carcinomas have been investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF‐α) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). The same cases were recently characterized for the expression of EGF‐receptors. TGF‐α was detected with a monoclonal mouse antibody and EGF with polyclonal rabbit antiserum. Thirty‐five of the tumours were positive for TGF‐α and 26 of the tumours for EGF. None of the poorly differentiated tumours was positive for EGF, but they all were for TGF‐α. In sections including normal differentiated oral mucosa, the cells above the basal cell layer were positive for both TGF‐α and EGF. The same staining pattern was observed in oral mucosa obtained from healthy persons. In moderately to well differentiated carcinomas, the immunoreactivity was mainly confined to the cytologically more differentiated cells, thus paralleling the situation observed in the normal differentiated oral mucosa. In four cases, material was available from both a primary tumour and a metastasis. Three of these were positive for TGF‐α and EGF with the same staining pattern as that of the primary tumours. This investigation together with our previous results confirms the existence of TGF‐α, EGF, and EGF‐receptors in the majority of oral squamous cell carci

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumours of the lung may be associated with the ectopic adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) syndrome and may synthesize and secrete ACTH‐related peptides in the absence of the syndrome. However, immunocytochemical analysis may not confirm these biochemical findings, particularly in small cell carcinoma, which is poorly granulated. To investigate further the morphological evidence for expression of the pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene in neuroendocrine lung tumours, we have examined a series of 46 small cell carcinomas and 13 carcinoid tumours of the lung byin situhybridization for POMC mRNA using a digoxigenin‐labelled oligoprobe. We have compared the findings with the immunocytochemical detection of ACTH and β‐endorphin.In situhybridization was positive in 15 of 46 small cell carcinomas (33 per cent) and in 8 of 13 carcinoid tumours (62 per cent). Immunocytochemical staining was positive in only one carcinoid tumour. Thesein situhybridization studies have corroborated biochemical data indicating POMC gene expression in a high proportion of lung neuroendocrine tumours. This suggests that the low levels of expression detected by immunocytochemistry may be due to low levels of hormone storage. Multivariate analysis showed a weak negative association between POMC expression and survival in small cell carcinomas, although this did not reach statistical sign

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA was demonstrated in pituitary adenomas from 16 patients with Cushing's disease and 10 with Nelson's syndrome. The intensity of signal was significantly greater in Nelson's syndrome than in Cushing's disease and there was a trend towards a greater proportion of positive cells. This probably reflects inhibition of POMC gene expression by the high circulating levels of cortisol in Cushing's disease. In the para‐adenomatous gland, the intensity of signal was variable in cells showing Crooke's hyaline change, ranging from negative to strongly positive, in keeping with the functional heterogeneity of corticotrophs. In one case, junctional corticotrophs were present and these were more intensely stained than anterior lobe corticotrophs in the same gland. This supports the concept that these cells are subject to different regulatory influences from corticotrophs in the anterior lobe. Whether this is related to differences in embryological origins or to local factors is at present uncl

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractManganese‐containing superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD) content and its immunohistochemical localization in human thyroid tumours and some other thyroid diseases were examined and compared with adjacent normal thyroid tissue. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used in this study for the measurement of Mn‐SOD. The content of Mn‐SOD tended to increase in diffuse hyperplasia, adenomatous goitre, and foliicular adenoma. In papillary carcinoma, it was significantly higher than in adjacent normal thyroid tissue. Foliicular carcinoma also revealed a markedly high Mn‐SOD conient. In the immunohistochemicai study, adjaceni normal thyroid tissue showed granular positive staining of Mn‐SOD in the cytoplasm. An increase of Mn‐SOD was observed in the papillary proliferative lesion of diffuse hyperplasia and in the follicles adjacent to lymphoid tissue in chronic thyroiditis with hypothyroidism. Strong positive staining of Mn‐SOD was observed in papillary and foliicular carcinomas, whereas in anaplastic carcinoma staining was markedly less intense. These results indicate that the Mn‐SOD content varies according to the degree of differentiation of

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY