ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sensitive method of screening for dominant T cell clones in small samples of DNA has been developed using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify and identify T cell gamma receptor gene rearrangements. It can detect such rearrangements in nanogram quantities of DNA from cultured T cell clones, even in the presence of 20–100 parts of polyclonal lymph node DNA, and works with DNA extracted from paraffin sections of cloned T cells which have been fixed in formalin. Presumptive clonal reactions have been obtained in preliminary tests on 8 of 10 unfixed T cell lymphomas but in 0 of 10 reactive lymph node

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnin situhybridization technique has been developed for the detection of immunoglobulin light chain mRNA in routine pathology specimens. The method detectskor λ constant region sequences using a cocktail of synthetic oligonucleotide probes labelled with biotin or fluorescein 5‐isothiocyanate (FITC) reporter molecules. The probes were labelled at flanking sites chemically by primary amine directed acylation and by ‘homopolymer tailing’ with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase using non‐radioactive nucleotide analogues. The mRNA was unmasked in the formalin‐fixed tissue sections by digestion with varying concentrations of proteinase K, and the hybrids were demonstrated using alkaline phosphatase with either a streptavidin/biotin based four‐stage system or an anti‐FITC antibody based detection system. Alkaline phosphatase was visualized using a Fast Red naphthol‐capture method and the sections were counterstained with haematoxylin.The results confirm that the method is specific forkor λ mRNA and show that specific mRNAs can be detected in routine formalin‐fixed sections using non‐radioactive techniques with retention of good morphology. The method reliably detects light chain mRNA in cells expressing secretory immunoglobulin. The protocol can also be applied to tissue rich in endogenous biotin by using h

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmunohistologic studies have shown that synthesis of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (cIg) is a normal function of some follicle centre cells (FCCs). The mechanisms regulating this synthesis of immunoglobulin and its function within the germinal centre are still poorly understood. In this study we applied a recently developedin situhybridization method for the detection of kappa and lambda light chain mRNA to reactive lymph nodes and tonsils in order to investigate further the immunoglobulin‐synthesizing cells of the germinal centre.FCCs containing detectable levels of light chain mRNA corresponded closely to cells containing cIg. The detection of light chain mRNA rather than its immunoglobulin product was found to be an advantage in that problems associated with the detection of extracellular immunoglobulin were eliminated. This was most apparent in germinal centres where the absence of ‘network’ immunoglobulin led to the observations that immunoglobulin‐synthesizing FCCs are predominantly small centrocytes and that in a proportion of germinal centres they localize in that part of the light zone closest to the dark zone. This zonal distribution of immunoglobulin‐synthesizing FCCs raises the possibility of further functional and micro‐environmental subcompartments within the

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEstimation of the growth fraction with the use of monoclonal antibody Ki67, which recognizes a nuclear antigen in proliferating cells, was compared with the nucleolar organizer region staining in 95 lung tumours. There was nuclear staining in most tumours; 12 tumours were negative. Cytoplasmic staining was observed in another seven tumours. The small cell carcinoma group had the highest mean Ki67 index (23·75); squamous carcinomas had a mean value of 15·71, adenocarcinomas 10·99, and large cell anaplastic 20·76. Carcinoids had few stained cells. Nucleolar organizer regions were demonstrated by the argyrophilic method (AgNOR). No correlation was found between Ki67 indices and AgNOR scores. Kinetic data obtained by the AgNOR technique were less discriminating in view of the overlap between scores of various groups including carcinoids. We conclude that use of the monoclonal antibody Ki67 is a more reliable method of assessing proliferative activity in lung tumours. This antibody may be effective in identifying slowly proliferating tumours which are less sensitive to chemotherapeutic age

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of transforming growth factor α (TGF‐α) in human normal tissues from the uterus, Fallopian tube, ovary, small and large intestine, lung, spleen, kidney, and skin was studied by immunohistochemistry. TGF‐α was found in epidermis, bronchial epithelium, intestinal mucosa, renal tubules, endo‐ as well as in exocervical and endometrial epithelium, and in the serous epithelium of the Fallopian tube. No TGF‐α was detected in the stromal components of any of the tissues nor in any of the pre‐ and post‐menopausal ovaries studied. Twenty‐nine ovarian tumours including 23 ovarian carcinomas, one malignant mixed Muellerian tumour, two ovarian metastases of gastrointestinal carcinomas, one dysgerminoma, one sarcoma, and one fibroma were studied for TGF‐α by the same immunohistochemical method. In 25 cases, specific cytoplasmic staining for TGF‐α of epithelial tumour cells could be demonstrated. The pattern and intensity of the TGF‐α immunostain varied among the TGF‐α‐positive tumours. No TGF‐α was found by immunohistochemistry in the remaining four cases nor in the stromal tumour components of any of the lesions studied. Northern blot analysis for TGF‐α mRNA was performed on 12 of the tumours. While the immunohistochemistry and blotting results correlated well in ten cases, discordant

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and four common epithelial malignancies of the ovary were stained forc‐erbB‐2using an affinity‐purified polyclonal antibody 21N. Twenty‐three out of 104 (22·1 per cent) showed cytoplasmic staining alone. Nine out of 104 (8·7 per cent) showed both membrane and cytoplasmic staining. In a multivariate Cox analysis with other known risk factors the relative risk for cytoplasmic staining alone was 1·456 (χ2=1·71,P>0·1) and for membrane and cytoplasmic staining 0·316 (χ2=7·95,P<0·005). These results do not support an adverse prognostic effect ofc‐er

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe histological material of 158 Billroth II gastrectomy specimens, used for a former study that established a relationship between duodenal ulcers and the presence of gastric metaplastic epithelium in the duodenal bulb, was reinvestigated for the presence ofHelicobacter pylori. The results show that in all duodenal ulcer patients with gastric mucin cell metaplasiaH. pyloricolonized the metaplastic epithelium accompanied by an inflammatory response. The intestinal mucosa was always negative forH. pylori. H. pylori‐positive patients also had the micro‐organism in their gastric antrum. The results further support the hypothesis that infection of gastric mucosa in the bulb byH. pyloriunderlies duodenal ulcer dise

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhile heavy proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are well‐recognized features of progressive reflux nephropathy in adults, little is known of their early evolution. We have studied the glomerular changes in renal biopsy specimens obtained from 24 patients aged 5·2–18·8 years, in whom urinary protein excretion was measured as early morning urine protein/creatinine ratios, using the Coomassie blue dye‐binding method.Segmental sclerotic lesions were found in eight biopsies and traced through serial sections to a hilar origin in every instance. There was a strong positive correlation between the extent of glomerular involvement and the amount of proteinuria (P<0·0001). Parahilar hyaline deposits were observed in 16 biopsies, including five of the eight showing FSGS. All unsclerosed glomeruli were enlarged, and the hilar arterioles showed both enlargement and thickening, their walls frequently containing subendothelial hyaline deposits.Since in most patients renal function was comparatively well preserved, despite extensive loss of renal substances, we believe that these glomerular and vascular changes represent the stages in the evolution of hyperfiltration. Microproteinuria is the earliest clinical manifestation of FSGS, and should be sought routinely in all patients with reflux nep

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711620311

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY