ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChromogranin A (CgA) is the most specific neuroendocrine marker but in small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) CgA immunoreactivity cannot always be detected, possibly owing to poor granularity. The localization of CgA mRNA could be a more useful indicator of CgA synthesis in SCCL. We have therefore studied the expression of CgA mRNA in SCCL, usingin situhybridization and Northern blot analysis, comparing it with CgA immunoreactivity. The expression of CgA mRNA and immunoreactivity in other types of lung tumours was also investigated. Freshly fixed, surgically resected SCCL (n= 5), adenocarcinoma (n= 10), squamous cell carcinoma (n= 10), large cell carcinoma (n= 5), and primary lymphoma (n= 2) were examined. Weak immunoreactivity to CgA was seen in one SCCL but all five strongly expressed CgA mRNA. The specificity of thein situhybridization signal and the probe was confirmed by the use of a sense probe and Northern blot analysis. Non‐SCCLs were negative for both CgA mRNA and immunoreactivity. This study provides evidence for CgA synthesis in SCCL and confirms the specificity of CgA for neuroendocrine differentiation.In situhybridization appears to be a very useful tool for investigating the nature of tumour cells, especially in the absence of the end product of the gene transcrip

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been applied to 14 adenocarcinomas, eight mesotheliomas, and nine reactive mesothelial proliferations. One of these, AUA1, is a novel antibody in this context. It was found in 13/14 of the adenocarcinomas but not in benign or malignant mesothelial tissue, making it a potential substitute for carcino‐embyronic antigen (CEA) in the differential diagnosis of mesotheliomas from adenocarcinomas. In addition, the lesions were stained using an argyrophil technique to identify nucleolar organizer regions. The results of counting these showed a small but significant overlap in their numbers between malignant and benign mesothelial proliferations. Although there was a difference overall in the numbers of nucleolar organizer regions in adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas, on the one hand, and benign hyperplasias, on the other, this overlap considerably reduces their value in assessing individual difficult case

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe integrins are αβ heterodimeric transmembrane proteins mediating cell–substratum as well as cell‐cell interactions. Changes in their expression and/or function seem to occur in a number of malignant epithelial neoplasms and may in part explain their abnormal patterns of growth and differentiation. Using monoclonal antibodies to the β1(DH12), α1(TS2/7), α2(B1.515), and α3(E1.56) integrin chains, the α1β1(VLA‐1), α2β1(VLA‐2), and α3β1(VLA‐3) integrin receptors were studied on cryostat sections of 22 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and adjacent normal tissues by a standard peroxidase‐antiperoxidase technique. In non‐neoplastic skin, VLA‐2 and VLA‐3 were found in the basal layer, eccrine glands, and cells of the outer root sheath in which VLA‐1 was detected. In BCCs, there was a considerably higher expression of VLA‐2 and VLA‐3 compared with epidermal basal cells but similar to that seen in hair bulb and outer root sheath. In two cases of nodular BCC showing evidence of regression, both VLA‐2 and VLA‐3 were completely negative, in contrast to non‐regressing foci which were strongly positive.The high level of expression of two adhesion molecules (VLA‐2 and VLA‐3) involved in cell‐substratum as well as cell‐cell interactions may account for the more indolent pattern of growth characteristic of BCC and perhaps reflect its high de

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new monoclonal antibody, PM‐2K, was raised against 24‐h cultured human peritoneal macrophages. Immunohistochemically, PM‐2K recognized most tissue macrophages in lymphoreticular organs such as the thymus, spleen, lymph node, and tonsil. Kupffer cells of the liver, alveolar macrophages, and macrophages in the interstitial tissue of the kidney, pancreas, and many other organs were also positively labelled. On the other hand, PM‐2K failed to recognize blood monocytes, freshly isolated peritoneal macrophages, microglial cells, osteoclasts, and dendritic cells such as Langerhans cells, interdigitating cells, and follicular dendritic cells. In various pathological conditions. PM‐2K labelled a wide variety of proliferating macrophages. Reaction products of PM‐2K were observed by immunoelectron microscopy on the cytoplasmic membrane of cultured peritoneal macrophages. The molecular weight of the antigen recognized by PM‐2K was determined to be 150 kD by Western blotting. As no cells other than macrophages were reactive with PM‐2K, this antibody is considered to be very useful not only in the investigation of macrophage differentiation and maturation, but also in the diagnosis of various proliferative disorders

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe expression of the c‐fosprotein has been examined in non‐malignant and malignant human breast using immunohistochemistry. Since in some cell types expression is associated with differentiation, while in other cells induction is related to growth, the extent of reactivity in carcinomas has been related to tumour grade, oestrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Ki‐67 staining.There was a greater degree of staining in the carcinomas than in the normal and benign tissue. In the latter, there was no relationship with menopausal status or with extent of proliferative changes. In all instances, staining was nuclear. Poorly differentiated carcinomas had a greater degree of reactivity, but the converse did not apply to the well differentiated tumours. There was no relationship with oestrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, or Ki‐67 labelling.The greater expression observed in carcinomas correlates with previously reported RNA studies. There is no clear relationship between c‐fosprotein detection and proliferation or differ

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMild hyperthermia is known to enhance apoptosis in a range of normal and neoplastic cell populations. Studies of tumours previously shown to respond to heating in this manner might be expected to provide insights not only into the mechanism of hyperthermic cell killing, but also into the apoptotic process in general. In the present study, cell death induced by 43°C heating for 30 min in two human Burkitt's lymphoma lines, BM 13674 and WW1, and in murine mastocytoma P‐815 × 2·1 was found to be exclusively apoptotic in type, identification being based on light and electron microscopic appearances and on the presence of internucleosomal cleavage of DNA into fragments that are multiples of 180–200 base pairs, which was demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The heat‐induced apoptosis was prevented by the presence of zinc sulphate, an inhibitor of the endonuclease considered to be responsible for the DNA cleavage, but was not suppressed by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The findings question the validity of the widely held view that active protein synthesis is an invariable prerequisite for the execution of apoptosis. It is suggested that an inositol triphosphate‐mediated increase in cytosolic Ca2+, resulting from limited membrane damage, might be the critical event responsible for activation of apoptosis by mild hy

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that inhibition of germinal centre cell apoptosis may underlie the development of follicle centre cell lymphomas. We have performed a comparative, quantitative study of apoptotic cell death in germinal centres and in the neoplastic follicles of centroblastic–centrocytic, follicular, non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (Cb/Cc NHL). Ten cases each of reactive follicular hyperplasia and Cb/Cc NHL were analysed. One‐micrometre‐thick resinembedded sections were examined at × 1000 magnification. The total numbers of cells, nuclear containing apoptotic bodies, and mitoses were counted in each follicle and the apoptotic and mitotic indices were derived. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on selected cases to confirm the typical features of apoptosis. The mean apoptotic (4·9 per cent) and mitotic indices (0·9 per cent) for the germinal centres were significantly higher (P<<0·001) than those for the neoplastic follicles (0·9 and 0·14 per cent). These results lend support to the recent proposal that reduced apoptotic cell death may be important in the pathogenesis of follicu

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711630411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY