摘要:

The common problems of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence are ideally addressed in a multidisciplinary setting. This article describes pathophysiologic and age-related changes to micturition as well as causes of transient and established incontinence and nocturia. It includes a description of the process of assessment, guidelines for a detailed history and examination and bladder charting, and it concludes with basic and subsequent evaluation. Goals of treatment change according to patient needs, while assessment varies in depth depending on a patient's functional state. It is hoped that the end result for all patients is independent, dependent, or social continence or a combination of these.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Incontinence is experienced by many older women, and many of them incorrectly believe that urinary incontinence is an inevitable part of normal aging. This article focuses on the estrogen effects in normal micturition and incontinence, reviews hormone therapy options for estrogen replacement therapy, and briefly addresses hormonal options that may be suitable for women who choose not to use systemic hormone replacement, whether the reasons are personal preference or medical contraindications.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Urinary incontinence is a prevalent public health problem to which postmenopausal women are particularly susceptible. The causes of urinaryincontinence are multifactorial, and risk factors for urinary incontinence need to be recognized by both health care providers and consumers. By understandingthe prevalence, incidence, and impact of urinary incontinence on postmenopausalwomen, appropriate evaluation, treatment, and ultimately prevention strategies can be employed, thus ensuring a positive quality of life.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Urodynamics is a set of tests that are designed to measure lower urinary tract function. A combination of techniques, including the filling cystometrogram, sphincter electromyogram, urinary flow study, or voiding pressure study may be combined to provide a detailed evaluation comprising an important component of a urinary incontinence assessment. This article describes techniques using an electronic recording device for both simple (bedside) cystometry and complex urodynamics. Interpretation of findings and the indications for urodynamics as one component of a urinary incontinence evaluation in the adult are also discussed.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Little research has been conducted on the reliability of performance in long-term care. This study examines selected performance indicators in a sample of older adults residing in long-term care. Subjects were 12 individuals (6 males, 6 females) residing in long-term care. The variables were heart rate, timed chair rise and sit, timed stands, walking speed, and 5-minute walk distance. All subjects were seen on three occasions over 3 weeks. Reliability was assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Timed stands were examined using Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients. Reliability coefficients ranged from .77 for timed stands to .97 for walking speed. The majority of the sample was unable to perform the chair rise and sit task. The results of this study indicate that all of the performance indicators are reliable and most are useful in the sample group.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over 120,000 total hip replacements (THRs) are performed annually. The majority of the patients undergoing hip replacements are persons 65 years of age or older. Occupational therapists provide post-THR education regarding precautions and make recommendations for assistive devices. Occupational therapists at 35 rehabilitation hospitals across the United States were surveyed regarding the content of their post-THR education programs. Nineteen (54%) of the surveys were returned. The results demonstrated consistency in the content of the occupational therapists' education programs for patients who had undergone a THR. In addition, the responses to the survey revealed a high level of consistency regarding the types of assistive devices recommended.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study examines compliance rates for seniors with disabilities and investigates the impact of patient and family psychological and health belief variables on patient compliance. The sample included 48 participants, consisting of 24 geriatric patients and 24 corresponding family members or nonrelative caregivers. Compliance was examined in four treatment categories of medical, physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and psychological recommendations. Compliance rates were highest with medical recommendations (75%) and lowest with psychological recommendations (52%), with an overall compliance rate of 60%. An internal health locus of control and positive beliefs in "powerful others" by the patients were significantly associated with increased total, medical, and OT compliance rates. Severity of problem as measured by depression scores and functional dependency was associated with improved compliance in the psychological and OT categories, respectively.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID