摘要:

Medication use is high in the older population. The prevalence of polypharmacy and complex medication regimes coupled with age-related changes makes the older adult prone to experience adverse drug reactions and drug interactions. Changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters with age necessitate careful medication management to further decrease adverse consequences. Strategies to address the multifactorial problem of medication compliance in the older population also may minimize the inherent risks of medication use. Rehabilitation professionals should be aware of the special considerations for medication use in the older population to decrease the potential for and occurrence of adverse events.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Warfarin is the only orally administered anticoagulant drug in major use in the United States. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease, as well as in the prevention of systemic embolization due to atrial fibrillation and other cardiac conditions. Patients administered warfarin require specialized dosing and monitoring to individualize therapy, maximize efficacy, and decrease the incidence of associated hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications. Monitoring requires knowledge of the influence of drug and food interactions, disease, and other patient factors on response to warfarin. This article reviews current concepts of the varying role of warfarin in long-term anticoagulation, with a special focus placed on dosing and monitoring techniques necessary to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes in the ambulatory patient.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Osteoporosis affects approximately 25 million Americans, the majority of whom are women. Every year older Americans experience more than 1.5 million osteoporosis-related fractures at a cost to the US health care system of more than $10 billion. As many as 32% of women and 17% of men up to the age of 90 will suffer at least one fracture of the hip, spine, wrist, or other susceptible bone attributable to osteoporosis. Up to 20% of victims of hip fractures will die within 1 year, and more than 50% of the survivors will be incapacitated. Osteoporosis is both preventable and treatable, yet it is often unrecognized and untreated. This article reviews current prevention and treatment approaches and presents relevant side effects and treatment precautions.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder affecting over 1 million people in North America. Primary treatment consists of drug therapy, with levodopa being the gold standard. As the disease progresses, maintaining physical function and minimizing adverse effects often require multiple medications. Optimal medication management is an ongoing process of drug selection and dosage titration. The rehabilitation professional plays a key role in monitoring the efficacy and toxicity of medications through assessment of motor function and mobility. This article reviews the pharmacologic management of PD and its relation to rehabilitation.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Hypertension affects as many as 50 million Americans and is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and mortality. The older population has the highest prevalence of hypertension but responds well to hypertension management, including lifestyle modification and pharmacologic therapy. Pharmacologic management includes the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-adrenoreceptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretic agents, vasodilator agents, peripheral alpha-blockers, and central alpha-agonists. Special considerations for older adults on antihypertensive medications exist. Rehabilitation professionals ensure safe patient participation in rehabilitation by being cognizant of these considerations.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID