ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Use of both prescription and non‐prescription pharmaceuticals has increased among children. Many of these drugs are taken during school hours and dispensed by school personnel who are not health professionals. They know little or nothing about the drugs themselves or the medical conditions requiring their use. This survey examined the extent to which pharmaceuticals are dispensed in schools in one Florida county. Public elementary, middle, and high schools and six private schools were surveyed for one week. All medications dispensed by school personnel during that time were recorded. Of 28,134 children surveyed, 1,016 children received 5,411 doses of medication. Thirty‐one categories of drugs were dispensed including controlled substances. Methylphenidate was the most widely dispensed drug, comprising about half of all the medications given in school. Medication use was evaluated in terms of gender, race, and socioeconomic status of the child

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Australia, the United States, and other developed countries, offer elementary school programs that heighten childrens' awareness about the possibility of abduction. To examine the effectiveness of such programs, an investigation was conducted of the proportion of elementary school children previously taught about “stranger” abduction and who detected they were being followed. Fifteen children were observed on four separate occasions during a seven‐month period. Only 3% of the observations were detected by children. Several reasons are proposed for the poor detection rate, and recommendations for elementary school programs are

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03391.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03392.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A content analysis instrument was developed to examine differences in gender representation in sexuality education curricula. Fourteen middle school and high school curricula, published between 1985 and 1995, were examined. Variables included illustrations, noun/pronoun usage, and specific topics within the two categories of biological function and mutual interest. The study examined differences in gender representation in illustrations, photographs, cartoons, drawings, and text. Omission of sexuality topics related to gender also was examined. Little difference occurred within the text of the curricula in noun and pronoun usage. Illustrations were few in number, but showed greater female representation. Greater male representation occurred in topics related to drug use, sexual exploitation, sexual desire, and homosexuality. Topics with greater female representation included body image, diseases of the reproductive organs, and hygiene.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03393.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Priority health‐risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of mortality, morbidity, and social problems among youth and adults often are established during youth, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated. The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health‐risk behaviors among youth and young adults: behaviors that contribute to unintentional and intentional injuries, tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual behaviors, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and physical inactivity. The YRBSS includes both a national school‐based survey conducted by CDC and state and local school‐based surveys conducted by state and local education agencies. This report summarizes results from the national survey, 35 state surveys, and 16 local surveys conducted among high school students from February through May 1995.In the United States, 72% of all deaths among school‐age youth and young adults result from four causes: motor vehicle crashes, other unintentional injuries, homicide, and suicide. Results from the 1995 YRBSS suggest that many high school students practice behaviors that may increase their likelihood of death from these four causes: 21.7% had rarely or never used a safety belt, 38.8% had ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol during the 30 days preceding the survey, 20.0% had carried a weapon during the 30 days preceding the survey, 51.6% had drunk alcohol during the 30 days preceding the survey, 25.3% had used marijuana during the 30 days preceding the survey, and 8.7% had attempted suicide during the 12 months preceding the survey. Substantial morbidity and social problems among school‐age youth and young adults also result from unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection. YRBSS results indicate that in 1995, 53.1% of high school students had experienced sexual intercourse, 45.6% of sexually active students had not used a condom at last sexual intercourse, and 2.0% had ever injected an illegal drug. Among adults, 65% of all deaths result from three causes: heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Most of the risk behaviors associated with these causes of death are initiated during adolescence. In 1995, 34.8% of high school students had smoked cigarettes during the 30 days preceding the survey, 39.5% had eaten more than two servings of foods typically high in fat content during the day preceding the survey, and only 25.4% had attended physical education class daily. YRBSS data are being used nationwide by health and education officials to improve national, state, and local policies and programs designed to reduce risks associated with the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. YRBSS data also are being used to measure progress toward achieving 21 national health objectives and one of eight National Educ

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY