ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the extent to which multiple physical, psychological, social, and lifestyle measures differ among high school males classified according to cigarette smoking intention status including nonintenders, mild intenders, and strong intenders. The Physical Performance Test for California, to measure six traits of physical fitness and Cattell's 16PF Questionnaire to assess manifold dimensions of personality were administered to 386 high school males. Self‐concept was measured by Rosenberg's Self‐esteem Scale and body build was assessed using Tucker's Perceived Somatotype Scale and the Body Mass Index. Data relative to marital status of parents, exercise experience, church attendance, participation in athletics, alcohol drinking habits, television viewing behavior, intention to attend college, dating behavior, as well as general demographic information and intention to smoke cigarettes were assessed by a written questionnaire. Results indicated that nonintenders were significantly more self‐confident, intelligent, emotionally stable, moralistic, conservative, group oriented, self‐controlled, relaxed, and more likely to respond in a socially desirable manner than were strong intenders. Nonintenders reported less dating, less television viewing, less alcohol consumption, and perceived themselves as and were determined to be less obese than strong intenders. Nonintenders also reported greater intentions to attend college, greater varsity athletic participation, were more likely to be residing with their natural mothers, and were more physically fit than were strong intenders. Possible health education and youth smoking prevention strategies are di

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study examined an assumption held by many smoking prevention programs that social skills can affect the onset of tobacco smoking. Data from 129 sixth graders were used to predict smoking behavior 15 months later in seventh grade. Five skill variables emerged as the best predictors of future smoking. By analyzing discriminant scores based on individual levels of social skills, the investigators were able to accurately classify 80% of the students surveyed as smokers or nonsmokers. Measures of social skills accounted for 29% of the variation in adolescent smoking behavior.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study attempted to: estimate the prevalence of bulimia among a sample of high school students; identify demographic variables associated with the disorder; and identify possible personality variables associated with bulimia. Based on the DSM‐III criteria for bulimia, each of 257 students who participated in the study was assigned to one of three groups; 12 students (4.7%) were identified as bulimic, 88 (34.2%) as binge eaters, and 157 (61.1%) as normal eaters. Gender was the only demographic variable significantly associated with group, and all 12 of the bulimic students were female (7.1% of the female students). Personality differences were assessed with the California Psychological Inventory (CPI). On two of the scales, female students identified as bulimic and binge eaters scored significantly lower than students identified as normal eaters, indicating poorer adjustment. In males, none of the scales discriminated between the binge eater and normal eater groups. Results are discussed in the context of mental health needs among adolescents and high school student

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe vision screening program has a long and interesting history involving educators, pediatricians, optometrists, and ophthalmologists. Since, the earliest screening program initiated in 1899, many alterations in the original program have resulted from consideration of test reliability, testing conditions, and child maturity. Indeed, even the basic concept of vision screening had to be proven beneficial before it was widely accepted. The three basic areas of the exam — visual acuity, hyperopia, and heterophoria — developed independently into a concise, thorough screening system. Minor controversies continue, causing continuing modification and improvem

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe American School Health Association's School Nurse Study Committee and the National Association of State School Nurse Consultants requested that a study be conducted to identify future employment trends for school nurses and how these trends compare with employment trends for other personnel employed in the school districts. School districts were asked for numbers of personnel employed in 1980, 1981, and 1982, and to project their intention to increase, decrease, or maintain the same number of personnel until 1990. The results of the study indicated that the profession showing the greatest decrease is the classroom teacher and that school nurses were not identified to have a greater decrease in employment than other professionals.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEthical consumer health education is education that is noncoercive and facilitates an individual's voluntary adoption of health improving behaviors. Patients and consumers attempting to utilize the medical marketplace for cure or prevention may be ill‐prepared to do so because of the complexity of the marketplace, the strong marketing influences of the marketplace, and their own lack of fundamental preparation in the rudiments of decision‐making, valuing, assertiveness, data collection, and other skills necessary to be a good consumer. For this reason, school‐based consumer health education is necessary to prepare current and future consumers to safely and efficiently use the medical market

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThough the preponderance of research on insomnia suggests that this malady occurs primarily among the adult population, recent research has revealed that as many as 13% of the adolescent population may suffer from chronic insomnia. Having one in 10 of the school population afflicted by this seldom considered ailment holds serious implications for learning. Adolescent insomnia can impair the victim's daily existence and affect personal life, school performance, and school attendance. Furthermore, if not dealt with initially, adolescent insomnia may lead to adult insomnia and dependence on alcohol and other drugs. The prevalence of adolescent insomnia, its cause, diagnosis, and treatment are examined.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWith reductions in the number of school‐based health personnel, increased responsibility for the identification of health problems falls to the classroom teacher. This paper describes a survey of the level of health‐related training among a sample of elementary teachers in a Michigan intermediate school district, with the teachers' perceptions of their ability to recognize and deal with selected student health problems. Though some differences existed between classroom and other teachers, and between veteran and newly‐trained teachers, the overall results were clear — elementary teachers are not well‐prepared for their expanded role. This fact was especially true for more difficult to recognize and potentially more serious health problems such as injury to the head and substance abuse, where teachers expressed considerable discomfort with their ability and lack of preparation. Several recommendations are offered relating to the need for health

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA stratified random sample of 540 ninth grade (Class 3) students in Oyo State, Nigeria, were administered the 60‐itemHealth Education Test Form 3A.The purpose of the study was to obtain baseline data concerning the health knowledge of the students for use in the development of Health Education curricula in Oyo State. Subjects from the metropolian area, from medium‐size towns, and from rural areas recorded composite mean scores of 29.02, 24.78, and 25.01, respectively; indicating a general deficiency of health knowledge among the subjects. Recommendations are offered concerning curriculum, teacher preparation, and international cooperation to assist in the development of quality Health Education programs for Nigerian stude

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY