摘要:

ABSTRACTAbout 145,000 people with cancer will die this year who might have been saved by earlier diagnosis and treatment. Many of these deaths could be prevented through smoking cessation programs, reduction of occupational health hazards, and school and community health education programs. To gain insight into the problem, a literature review was conducted to examine the major curricula and instructional materials developed during the past decade. Due to the magnitude of information available concerning the etiology and prevention of cancer, the review was limited to literature with specific relevance to children and adolescents. The review provides information concerning the background of cancer prevention; knowledge and attitudes of adolescents concerning cancer; cancer curricula, programs, and educational materials for adolescents; and a justification for cancer education in schools. Conclusions are drawn, and recommendations for action are offered.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe resolution rates of health problems identified in school children by primary care, physical examination, or screenings were examined during a two‐year period. The evaluation component of the National School Health Program involved a range of school health services provided in four states to more than 13,000 children. A school nurse practitioner‐health aide team worked in collaboration with a community physician consultant to manage the resolution of identified problems. More than 95% of the problems were resolved or in process of resolution at the end of each school year. Resolution patterns were relatively consistent across problem severity levels. Factors contributing to the timely resolutions of health problems by nurse practitioners included their ability to manage and resolve more than 90% of the problems within the school‐based practice with physician backup and their access to a medical support network for external refe

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCurrent evidence suggests that some school‐age children are born with a sex chromosome variation. Large chromosome surveys of newborns indicate that 0.5% to 0.6% have chromosome errors, with sex chromosome variations accounting for 35% of them. The four most frequently occurring sex chromosome variations are Turner Syndrome (45, X), Klinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY), Polysomy X or Triple X (47, XXX), and Polysomy Y or XYY (47, XYY). Though many individuals with sex chromosome variations can live functionally normal lives, others may experience developmental, physical, psychological, behavioral, and learning impairments. New information has dispelled myths and biases previously associated with these disorders. By becoming knowledgeable about sex chromosome variations and their effects upon children, school health personnel can assist affected children, their families, and teacher

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSeventh grade students in two school systems in rural North Carolina were subjects for a program designed to reduce health risks associated with use/abuse of tobacco and alcohol. One school system was located in the central area of the state, and the other in the western mountains. Both groups were assessed before and after introduction of novel teaching programs dealing with alcohol and tobacco. Knowledge about smoking and alcohol increased in both sites (p<.05). Attitudes toward alcohol did not change. Attitudes toward smoking eroded in both sites, with attitudes at one site showing a severe erosion (p<.05). Smoking education in these communities may have conflicted strongly with ambient attitudes toward smoking, eliciting a “boomerang” eff

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study examines the knowledge, beliefs, and sources of information of junior and senior high school students concerning AIDS. The students were found to have a very limited knowledge of AIDS. Males were more knowledgeable about AIDS than were females, but the majority of students were not personally worried about contracting AIDS. The primary sources of AIDS information were TV, newspapers, magazines, and radio. Schools were one of the least often mentioned sources of information.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA nutrition curriculum for 48 students age eight‐18 years with high blood pressure was implemented in Franklinton, La., as part of A Dietary/Exercise Alteration Program Trial (ADAPT), a model promoting reduced sodium (Na+) and energy intake and increased potassium (K+) intake. A teacher guide listed basic concepts, teacher and student activities, materials, behavioral outcomes, and evaluation for 12 lessons at three age levels. Games were used to present new information and increase student involvement. Taste‐tests promoted attitude change regarding acceptable snacks. Decision‐making and assertiveness topics facilitated independent food choices and coping with peers. Self‐monitoring of intakes encouraged personal responsibility for eating behavior. Results of pairedt‐tests showed knowledge increased 8.7% in the spring (p<0.01), 4.9% in the summer (N.S.), and 7.3% in the fall (p<0.0001). No significant differences in increase in posttest scores by age were found. Comparisons of curriculum compliance with medication use and blood pressure change showed no relationship. A multiple regression analysis of sodium‐creatinine (Na+/Cr) ratios on class attendance and posttest scores showed that children with the highest test scores had lower Na+/Cr ratios. This program increased information and skills for those motivated to change lifestyle to control obesity and blo

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine what relationships, if any, existed between high levels of body fat and emotional motivations for eating among Mexican‐American children. Subjects (N = 177) were drawn from children aged 10–14 years who participated in the National Youth Sports Program in the Lower Rio Grande Valley region of Texas. Data were gathered through a self‐report instrument dealing with emotional motivators involved in eating and through individual anthropometric measurements. Data analysis revealed that for the boys, a significant relationship existed between high percent body fat and the emotional motivation of stimulation. Handling and craving motivators were significantly related to high body fat for

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPeer counseling has become more prevalent in high schools and junior high schools across the country. When reviewing the various programs, it was discovered that they fall into two general categories based on the program's purpose and group composition. The two basic models can be described as students trained to help troubled students in their school (open), and troubled students trained to help themselves (closed). The terms open and closed were chosen to distinguish the two models because these terms describe whether or not the group's focus and objectives are closed or open to students outside the group. The purpose of this article is to give a practical, working description of the open model as implemented in a large, suburban high school.

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1985.tb04096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY