摘要:

AbstractFactors affectingChondrostereum purpureuminfection ofSalixwere studied in the laboratory and field. Basidiospores passively entered all xylem tissues but not cambial, phloem or bark tissues. A small number entered stems up to 70 mm from the wound surface although most were retained within tissues 30 mm from the surface. Basidiospores required free water for germination and the optimum temperature for germtube extension was 26°C. Hyphae ramified extensively throughout xylem tissues eventually plugging vessels. Cell walls and starch granules were penetrated with enzymatic assistance. The depth ofC. purpureumpenetration was affected by wound diameter and inoculum concentration but not stem age. Wounds ofSalixwere susceptible toC. purpureumthroughout the year and greater depth of penetration was obtained using mycelium as inoculum than basidiospores. The depth ofC. purpureumpenetration decreased with duration of wound exposure prior to inoculation. A characteristic flora of saprophytic fungi and bacteria inhabited wound tissues

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConcentrations of amino acids, total amino nitrogen, and phenols, ratio of phenol to amino nitrogen, and pH in the bark of American beech,Fagus grandifolia, were determined to see if these chemical constituents were correlated with susceptibility of trees to infestation by the beech scale,Cryptococcus fagisuga. The relationship of these bark constituents with scale infestation levels (none, light, and moderate), tree size (large vs. small trees), and bark shading was determined. Levels of some individual amino acids and total amino acid content in moderately infested trees were significantly higher than in uninfested trees. Large uninfested beech trees, which tend to be more readily infested by scale, had significantly higher concentrations of aspartic acid. Concentrations of phenol in the outer bark of both infested and uninfested trees were significantly higher than in the inner bark. However in bark infected byNectria, phenol levels in the inner bark were significantly higher than in the outer bark.

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique for determining the ergosterol content in mycorrhizal pine roots using HPLC was developed. Pure cultures of different my corrhizal fungi contained very similar and constant amounts of ergosterol, and calculations of fungal biomass in mycorrhizal roots based on ergosterol readings agreed well with results using other methods. The extraction and sample purification were simple and reliable. Consequently, the technique is considered practical wherever accurate estimates of the intensity of mycorrhizal infection are required.

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComparison of phosphatase activities in ectomycorrhizal Homobasidiomycetes cultured in vitro. Phosphatase activities, measured on intact mycelia (accessible activities) or on mycelial homogenates (total activities), were compared in twelve ectomy corrhizal strains of Homobasidiomycetes (Hebeloma cylindrosporum, Laccaria laccata; Suillus bellini; S. bovinus; S. granulatus; S. luteus, Pisolithus arhizus). The effects of the following factors were examined: (i) two orthophosphate concentrations in the culture medium; (ii) two incubation substrates (sodiump‐nitrophenylphosphate or sodium phytate). Phosphatase activities were highest when mycelial homogenates were incubated in the presence ofp‐nitrophenyl phosphate after culturing the mycelia on medium slightly deficient in orthophosphate, particularly in the case of oneS. granulatusisol

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAccumulations of organic pollutants (PAH) in organic layers of soils.—Possible relation with forest decline. Analysis of the upper levels of the organic layers of forest soils demonstrate a new kind of bioaccumulation leading to high level of contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (P.A.H.

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Wingfield, M. J. (Ed.), 1987: Pathogenicity of the pine wood nematode. American Phytopathological Society Symposium SeriesReiss, J.: Schimmelpilze‐Lebensweise, Nutzen, Schaden, Bekämpfung.Werner, D.:Pflanzliche und mikrobielle Symbiosen.Symposium in memoriam Dr. Ernst Berliner anläßlich des 75. Jahrestages der Erstbeschreibung von Bacillus thuringiensis. Darmstadt, 25, August 1986. (Bearbeitet von Dr. A. Kriegund Dr. A. M. Huger)Waller, G. R. (Ed.):Allelochemicals. Role in Agriculture and Forestry.Diagnosing Injury to Eastern Forest Trees: A manual for identifying damage caused by air pollution, pathogens, insects and abiotic stresses. Ed. by J. S. Skelly, D. D. Davis, W. Merrille

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1988.tb00219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY