摘要:

SummaryIn sapwood challenge experiments inAcer rubrum, columns of discolouration initiated by wounding and inoculation with pioneer fungi (Cephalosporiumsp.,Phialophorasp.) were similar in size to untreated wounds. Inoculation with decay fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor) produced larger columns of wound‐initiated discolouration. The removal of bark around a bore wound caused a significantly larger column to form compared to the sum of the columns inititiated by separate wounds. Stage‐I discoloured wood, not associated with obviously rotted wood, had concentrations of mobile cations and soluble phenols similar to sapwood. Stage‐II discoloured wood, spatially associated with rotted wood, was frequently bounded by a chemically distinct boundary layer and the discoloured wood contained significantly greater concentrations of mobile cations and soluble phenols than stage‐I discolour

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the temporal changes in Norway‐spruce (Picea abies) phloem phenolics during wound‐induced response. Two Norway spruces were inoculated withOphiostoma polonicumand sterile agar; unwounded phloem was simultaneously tested as control. Both unwounded and inoculated phloem were then sampled 6, 11, 21, 30, and 60 days later. Monophenols were analysed by HPLC, and the tanning capacity of the phloem extracts was estimated from their ability to precipitate proteins. The response to inoculation was characterized by radical changes in the phloem phenolic composition. Initially, an increase in (+)‐catechin concentration was observed, concomitant with a slow decrease in both glycoside concentrations and tanning capacity. After day 6, this decrease was accelerated in the event of fungus inoculation. The appearance of aglycones did not take place during the decrease in glycosides, but was delayed. The phenolic response of Norway‐spruce phloem to inoculation is modulated by the presence of the fungus and is focused on the formation of insoluble co

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBark isolations from cankers onCupressus macrocarpain southern England yieldedSeiridium cardinale, Pestalotiopsis funereaandPestalotiopsis monochaetioides. The recovery pattern of the three fungi indicated that onlyS. cardinalewas a primary pathogen; the twoPestalotiopsisspecies being secondary. Pathogenicity data obtained following the inoculation of C. macrocarpabranches with mycelium of the three fungi confirmed this view.No evidence of vegetative incompatibility was found inS. cardinale, but five vegetative‐compatibility (vc) groups were found inP. funereaand six inP. monochaetioides. Different vc groups of the twoPestalatiopsisspecies were often found in the sameS. cardinalelesion, suggesting that a number of separate colonization events were involved. It is possible that this sometimes leads to complete replacement of the pathoge

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAscospore release byPhacidium infestanswas monitored with volumetric‐recording spore traps in Finland. Detached branches of Scots pine infected naturally during the previous winter were used as a spore source. Spores were trapped during two autumns with simultaneous recording of weather factors. Free water from rain or thawing of rime or snow on the needles was required to initiate the spore release. After the onset of rain, the number of spores reached its maximum in 4–6 h, while heavy rain decreased the liberation of spores into the air. The number of spores had a higher correlation both with relative humidity and with precipitation delayed 3–7 h than with current precipitation. Temperature did not directly affect the ascospore release. Only a few spores were trapped at temperatures below 0°C. The effect of wind on the release of spores was mainly negative, and indirect through decreasing humidity. No diurnal periodicity was detected in the spore r

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryYoung leaves of different rubber‐tree clones were inoculated withMicrocyclus uleiunder controlled conditions. Under ultraviolet light, intense blue fluorescent light was emitted from the penetration site 6 h after inoculation. The speed of the appearance of this fluorescence was related to the degree of resistance of the clones: 12–36 h in totally resistant clones, 36–120 h in marked partially resistant clones, and 120 h in weak partially resistant clones. The source of this fluorescence may have been scopoletin. Strong accumulation of this coumarin may inhibit pathogen invasion in a very early phase. Four days after inoculation, intense accumulation of lignins in only a few cells at the penetration sites was observed in totally resistant clones. Intense lignin accumulation around lesions may also stop pathogen development in some partially resistant

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBrown‐spot needle blight caused byMycosphaerella dearnessii[syn.Scirrbia acicola; anamorphic state:Lecanosticta acicola(syn.Septoria acicola)] was observed for the first time in Switzerland. So far, the disease seems to be confined to plantedPinus mugoandPinus uncinatanear Zurich.Pinus sylvestrisadjacent to diseasedP. uncinatadid not show any disease symptom

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Books reviwed in this article:Schmidt, O.:Holz‐ und Baumpilze, Biologie, Schäden, Schutz, Nutz

ISSN:0300-1237    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1995.tb01015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY