摘要:

Citrate, calcium and protein have been estimated in pure pancreatic juice after a secretin and a CCK injection in 4 patients presenting with alcoholic calcified pancreatitis (ACP), 10 controls without evidence of pancreatic disease, drinking more than 130g alcohol/day, and 10 controls without evidence of pancreatic disease, drinking less than 20 g alcohol/day. Citrate is normally secreted in the pancreatic juice and this secretion increases in parallel with protein after CCK injection. Citrate secretion is significantly decreased in the two alcoholic groups. Calcium secretion is increased in the ACP, and reasons are presented to suggest that this may be due to lesions of the ducts. These modifications could play a role in the formation of pancreatic stones which are mostly built up of calcium carbonate.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199209

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199254

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Extensive preclinical safety studies with famotidine were performed or sponsored by Yamanouchi Phamaceutical Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, and Merck, Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, USA. These studies were performed in dogs, rats, mice and rabbits, receiving oral and intravenous administration of the compound. Minimal toxicologic effects (after acute, subacute, or chronic administration) have been observed even at extremely high dosage levels (4,000 mg/kg/day) and for extended periods of administration (2,000 mg/kg/day for 105 weeks). No evidence of teratogenic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic effects or alterations of reproductive function have been seen. Based on these data, there are no contraindications for administration of this compound to humans.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199255

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The involvement of lysosomes in the normal secretory process of the exocrine pancreas and in the onset of acute, hormone-induced pancreatitis was studied. The enzymatic activities of cathepsin B and β-galactosidase were determined in the pancreas of rats that had been stimulated by either maximal (0.25 μg·kg-1 h-1) or supramaximal (5 μg·kg-1 h-1) concentrations of cerulein. Maximal stimulation led to a moderate increase in cathepsin B activity and the ultrastructural appearance of multivesicular bodies. Supramaximal stimulation resulted in formation of large cytoplasmic vacuoles and progressive destruction of acinar cells which was paralleled by a marked increase of lysosomal enzyme acti

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199210

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The results of the initial clinical pharmacology studies of famotidine, a new H2 receptor antagonist, are summarized. These studies indicate that: (1) single oral doses of famotidine (5–80 mg) were well tolerated; (2) famotidine effectively suppressed basal, nocturnal, pentagastrin- and meal-stimulated acid secretion; (3) the duration of the antisecretory action of famotidine was dose related: up to 12 h for the 20-mg dosages, and 18-24 h for the 80-mg dose; (4) the elimination half-life was 3.8 h; (5) 5 mg of famotidine gave acid suppression similar to that of 300 mg of cimetidine; (6) a dose response was identified: 2 h after oral dosing, 5 mg famotidine suppressed stimulated acid secretion to 60% of control and was comparable to 300 mg cimetidine (55% suppression), whereas higher doses of famotidine yielded significantly more suppression of acid secretion (10 mg yielding 70% and 20 mg 90%), significantly greater than 300 mg cimetidine; (7) plasma famotidine concentration and urinary recovery were dose related, and (8) famotidine (10–40 mg) had no effect on serum prolactin. Thus, famotidine is a safe and potent H2 blocker of acid secretion with a long duration of act

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199257

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An immunochemical method was developed for measurements of serum levels of apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV). Using this technique, we found decreased levels of apo A-IV in patients with chronic pancreatitis and malabsorption syndrome and these low levels of apo A-IV in a patient with malabsorption syndrome were overcome after appropriate oral nutrition. Thus, measurements of apo A-IV may provide a good index for the assessment of fat intake and absorption.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199211

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A multicenter study that involved 15 Italian institutions was carried out to compare the efficacy and safety of famotidine 40 mg at bedtime, famotidine 20 mg b.i.d., famotidine 40 mg b.i.d., and ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d. in promoting the healing of acute duodenal ulcer. Two hundred and twenty-four patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer were randomly allocated into four treatment groups. Efficacy results for the four groups were similar at weeks 2, 4, and 8 of therapy. At week 8, the percentage of patients healed in each group was as follows: 92% in the famotidine 40-mg bedtime group, 97% with 20 mg b.i.d., 93% with 40 mg b.i.d., and 90% with ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d. Day pain and night pain were markedly reduced in all four groups, antacid consumption fell considerably, and therapy was generally well tolerated. The adverse experiences evaluated by the investigator as possibly, probably, or definitely related to test medication were rare and moderate.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199258

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rectal biopsies were maintained in organ culture over a 24-hour culture period, with good preservation of histological architecture. A filtrate containing Clostridium difficile toxin significantly inhibited the rise in epithelial alkaline phosphatase activity normally seen during culture. This effect was abolished by pre-incubation of the filtrate with Clostridium sordellii antitoxin, or heat inactivation. This effect is most probably due to a toxin of C. difficile. The method provides a new quantitative approach to the study of luminal toxins as possible pathogenic agents in idiopathic inflammatory diseases of the colon.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199212

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The role of gastrin in the pathogenesis of recurrent peptic ulceration is not established although it is known that plasma gastrin levels are frequently elevated after vagotomy. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between gastrin and gastric secretion in patients with and without recurrent ulceration after surgery for duodenal ulceration (DU). The basal acid output (BAO) in 23 and the peak acid output to pentagastrin (PAOPg) in 10 patients with symptomatic recurrent ulcers after DU surgery were determined along with the BAO and PAOpg in 10 control patients who were asymptomatic following DU surgery. The fasting plasma gastrin was determined in all patients and correlated with the acid output. An inverse correlation was demonstrated between the BAO and plasma gastrin in the asymptomatic patients (p < 0.05) and the patients with proven recurrent ulcers (p < 0.01) and there was a direct correlation between the PAOpg and plasma gastrin in the recurrent ulcer group (p < 0.05) which was not observed in the control group. It is suggested that in a subgroup of recurrent ulcer patients ‘G cell hyperfunction’ may occur and this may have a role in the aetiology of this condit

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199213

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One-hundred and eighty-three patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers, enrolled in this prospective, double-blind study, were randomly allocated to receive famotidine 40 mg once at night, 20 mg twice daily, 40 mg twice daily, or ranitidine 150 mg twice daily for 2 – 8 weeks. Pretreatment characteristics between the four groups were similar. After 4 weeks of treatment, among the famotidine-treated patients, 38 of 42 (90.5%) healed with the 40 mg once nightly regimen, 35 of 42 (83.3%) with 20 mg twice daily, and 37 of 41 (90.2%) with 40 mg twice daily. In the ranitidine group 40 of 43 patients (93.0%) healed. After 8 weeks of treatment, the respective data were: 97.6, 95.2, 100 and 93.0%. Different results between the famotidine groups and the ranitidine group were not statistically significant. All treatments were well tolerated and severe adverse events were rare. Famotidine 40 mg given once at night appears to be as safe and effective as conventional therapy with ranitidine, indicating the importance of overnight gastric acidity in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer diseas

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199259

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger