摘要:

Bile salts, when instilled into the intestine at pH 6, stimulate pancreatic exocrine secretion in man and cat. We investigated if the surface tension as a major physicochemical property of bile acids might be responsible for this effect. In anesthetized cats, either conjugated taurocholate (TC) or unconjugated ursodesoxycholate (UDC) as steroidal detergents or oleate as nonsteroidal detergent were perfused into the duodenum. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) and the surface tension (γ) were as follows: for oleate 18.6 mmol/l and 27.7 dyn·cm-1, for UDC 10.75 mmol/l and 46.5 dyn·cm-1, for TC 14.5 mmol/l and 58.6 dyn cm-1. The intraduodenal perfusion of the three solutions at 30 mmol/l and pH 8 evoked an equal pancreatic flow (about 300 mg/15 min) and bicarbonate secretion. It is suggested that the free ionized form of TC perfused intraduodenally is responsible for stimulation of the pancreatic exocrine secretion. We show that the stimulatory effect seems to be independent of the detergency of these molecul

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199312

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Different materials dissolved in 0.9% NaCl were injected into the connective, interlobular tissue of the duodenal part of the rat pancreas. Activated rat pancreatic juice or trypsin were able to induce localized necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis. Only mild edema and leukocytic infiltration were observed after injecting bovine albumin, Chinese ink, trypsinogen or nonactivated pancreatic juice. The progression of histological changes was followed for 2 weeks in the trypsin-induced pancreatitis. Limited foci of severe hemorrhage, liquefaction and coagulative necrosis were observed in the first 24 h. Acinar cell degeneration and regeneration were observed 48 h after the operation, fibroblasts appearing in the interlobular spaces. Four days after injection, inter- and intralobular fibrosis, acinar cell degeneration and tubular complexes were observed, presenting a picture characteristic of chronic pancreatitis. Some minimal changes were still seen in the pancreas 1 week after injection, but by the end of the 2nd week the pancreatic histology was normal. These results demonstrate the significance of active trypsin in the pancreatic interstitium with respect to the induction of pancreatitis. This model of localized necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis is highly reproducible and without significant mortality. Following the acute process, histological changes resembling chronic pancreatitis can be observed, but they are completely reversible.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199313

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was aimed to identify an intravenous dosage regime of omeprazole which would sufficiently suppress acid secretion to maintain intragastric pH > 4 continuously. Thirteen duodenal ulcer patients in remission received omeprazole in daily intravenous doses ranging from 40 to 200 mg. Doses were successively increased as dictated by patient response. The intragastric pH data indicated that omeprazole given in twice or thrice daily regimes in total intravenous amounts of 200, 160 and 160 mg over a consecutive 3-day period markedly inhibited acid secretion and maintained intragastric pH > 4 with few and short-term exceptions.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199314

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Populations with a high colonic cancer incidence excrete larger amounts of bile acids in their feces. Patients with adenomatous polyps of the colon are at a greater risk of developing colonic cancer. Therefore, we studied the fecal bile acid excretion pattern in 12 patients with adenomatous polyps in comparison to 12 control subjects matched for age and sex. Analysis of bile acids was performed using liquid-gel chromatography for the separation of free, conjugated and sulfated bile acids and gas liquid chromatography for quantitation. This case-control study did not confirm the previous finding of an increased fecal bile acid excretion in patients with adenomatous polyps. Total bile acid excretion, the pattern of the primary and major secondary bile acids and their mode of conjugation were essentially the same for both groups. This negative result may be explained by similar dietary habits of both groups.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199315

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Histological alterations of the preampullary common bile duct and the pancreatic duct were studied in the pancreata from 16 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis and 11 patients with acute nonbiliary pancreatitis. The corresponding controls either suffered from gallstone disease without pancreatitis or had neither gallstone disease nor pancreatitis. In acute biliary pancreatitis as well as in gallstone disease, a common channel is significantly less frequent than in acute nonbiliary pancreatitis and in the normal pancreas. The inflammatory alterations of the preampullary common bile duct are increased in biliary pancreatitis compared to nonbiliary pancreatitis and to controls. The inflammatory lesions of the distal common bile duct and distal pancreatic duct are significantly correlated. These findings favor the assumption that acute biliary pancreatitis is initiated by transient obstruction of the preampullary common bile duct producing a local inflammation which encroaches upon the adjacent region of the pancreatic duct.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199316

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Using a standard perfusion technique, the organic anions acetate (50 mmol/l) and citrate (5 mmol/l) have been shown to stimulate absorption of water and sodium from the human jejunum. These observations may support further the rationale for including acetate or citrate in oral rehydration solutions for the treatment of acute diarrhoeal disease in humans.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199317

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects on pancreatic exocrine secretion of intravenous bolus injections of decapeptide of mammalian bombesin (also called neuromedin C) and neuromedin B, recently isolated mammalian bombesin-like peptides, have been studied and compared with those of amphibian bombesin in anaesthetized rats. Decapeptide of mammalian bombesin and neuromedin B stimulated the volume output from the pancreas with the same potency as that with which they stimulated protein output, as did amphibian bombesin. The maximal peak rates of volume and protein secretion observed in the 5- to 10-min period after the injection of 3 × 10-10 mol/kg decapeptide of mammalian bombesin were 24.5 ± 1.2 μl/5 min and 8.5 ± 0.5 mg bovine serum albumin equivalents per 5 min (mean ± SEM, n = 5). These rates were equivalent to those produced by the same dose of amphibian bombesin, but the duration of responses to decapeptide of mammalian bombesin were shorter than those of equimolar doses of amphibian bombesin. The relative potencies of decapeptide of mammalian bombesin and neuromedin B, calculated from the doses producing 50% of maximum effect on total responses, were, respectively, 100 and 0.5% of that of amphibian bombesin. The results suggest that decapeptide of mammalian bombesin, and possibly neuromedin B, could play a regulatory role in the control of exocrine pancreatic secre

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199318

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Germ-free rats were inoculated with bacteria from feces of SPF rats, and the Paneth cells in the ileal crypts were observed at different time intervals after inoculation. 12 h after inoculation, the Paneth cells showed a striking degranulation and the occurrence of supranuclear vacuoles. The Paneth cell area was significantly reduced. Four days to 3 weeks after inoculation, the secretory granules of Paneth cells were abundant, and both number and area of Paneth cells showed a progressive increase coming close to the data in SPF rats. The present study demonstrates interrelationships between secretory activity of Paneth cells and the microbial milieu in the small intestine and that the presently used experimental model is well suited for examining the histophysiology of Paneth cells. Moreover, the results suggest that Paneth cell numbers may also be closely related to crypt length.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199319

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of cimetidine on gastric mucus glycoprotein biosynthesis in rat gastric mucosa were investigated using organ culture technique. 2 h following oral administration of cimetidine (40 mg/kg body weight), corpus tissue was placed in the organ culture. Mucus glycoprotein synthesis was accelerated to 137% of control (p < 0.01). In order to investigate the direct effect of cimetidine on mucus glycoprotein biosynthesis, corpus tissue was cultured in the medium containing cimetidine. 100 μM cimetidine enhanced mucus glycoprotein biosynthesis to 174% (p < 0.01). Cimetidine was found to stimulate gastric mucus glycoprotein biosynthesis both in vivo and in vitro

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199320

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Human pancreatic cationic trypsin labelled with 131I was administered into the duodenum in 9 healthy individuals. Five had earlier been proctocolectomized and had ileostomies. Radioactivity was measured in plasma, urine, ileostomy content and feces for a period of 72 h. Radioactivity was present in plasma 15 min after administration. The total recovery of radioactivity was 78–98%, the largest amount being observed in urine during the first 24-hour period. About 20% of the administered radioactive dose was recovered in ileostomy content and 10% in feces. The recovered radioactivity in plasma, urine and extracts of ileostomy content and feces was characterized with dialysis and gel filtration. All radioactivity in plasma and urine corresponded to free 131I, whereas in the extracts radioactivity corresponding to intact enzyme and degradation products as well as a small amount of free 131I was observed. It is concluded that pancreatic trypsin is degraded during intestinal passage as with other proteins. Due to a deiodinating mechanism in the intestine, only free 131I is absorbed into the circulation. This deiodination does not take place in duodenal juice. The absence of high molecular weight radioactivity in plasma argues against an enteropancreatic circulatio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199321

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger