摘要:

The clinical outcome in 52 consecutive episodes of suspected acute pancreatitis was compared with Ranson’s prognostic signs and findings on noncontrast and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans performed within 24 h of patient admission. The predictive value of CT scan for diagnosis was 95% for positive results and 53% for negative results. In providing an accurate prognosis of a single attack, scoring of extrapancreatic signs was as good as that of Ranson’s prognostic signs. CT with contrast medium revealed pancreatic ischaemia in 3 cases of 4 with clinically severe disease. The risk of developing severe pancreatitis was 23% in first attacks and 6% in relapses. Early CT scan is recommended in most patients with suspected pancreatitis to confirm diagnosis and to predict the severity of an att

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199909

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Extrapancreatic findings at computed tomography (CT), performed within 24 h in 42 consecutive episodes of acute pancreatitis, were classified according to a scoring system (EP score) and were correlated to Ranson’s prognostic signs, to duration of hospital stay, biochemical changes in plasma and pancreatic ischaemia found at CT with contrast enhancement. Increasing EP score was found to be related to increasing number of positive Ranson’s signs, longer hospital stay and pancreatic ischaemia. Plasma levels of immunoreactive cationic trypsin and amylase were not proportional to EP score, α1-protease inhibitor, antichymotrypsin but not immunoreactive pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor increased proportionally to EP score. No changes related to EP score were seen in α2-macroglobulin levels. Serum levels of trypsin-α1-protease inhibitor complex were maximal after 3 days and most pronounced in cases with high EP scores. Plasma levels of factor X, α2-antiplasmin and C1-esterase inhibitor were found to be inversely proportional to E

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199910

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Collagen formation is an important function of liver parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells that may be relevant to the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, the effect of various kinds of cytokines and prednisolone on collagen synthesis by hepatocytes obtained from perfused rat livers and confluent human skin fibroblasts were investigated. The cells were cultured in serum-free medium for 24 h with [3H]proline and various additives. The amounts of collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis were calculated from the incorporation of [3H]proline into collagen-sensitive and collagen-resistant proteins. The additions of interleukin 1α, interleukin 1β and transforming growth factor α enhanced both collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis by hepatocytes as well as by fibroblasts. Transforming growth factor β also increased both collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis by fibroblasts while it selectively inhibited collagen synthesis by hepatocytes. Interferon preparations and prednisolone showed a selective suppression of collagen synthesis by both cells, indicating that these additives did not affect either cell viability or proliferation during the observed period. These results suggest that collagen synthesis by liver parenchymal cells is either positively or negatively modulated by various kinds of cytokines and horm

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199911

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dietary fibres (Plantago ovata seeds, P. ovata husks, wheat bran, alfalfa, pectin, xylan) were incubated in vitro with gastrointestinal enzymes (pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, α-amylase, maltase, lactase) in buffer solutions at concentrations of 1–5% for 10–30 min at 37 °C. All fibres induced sometimes pronounced changes in enzyme activity, but the effect of the different fibres on the various enzymes varied individually and was not predictable. Both P. ovata preparations had no (pepsin, trypsin, α-amylase) or only stimulating (chymotrypsin, lipase, lactase) actions whereas all other fibres showed inhibiting as well as stimulating influences. Wheat bran induced the most pronounced alterations increasing lipase, maltase and lactase activity and inhibiting α-amylase activity. Pectin and xylan were comparable in decreasing lipase and pepsin activity and in increasing chymotrypsin activity but had opposite effects on maltase activity. Alfalfa was able to stimulate lactase and lipase activity but depressed trypsin and α-amylase activity. The inactivation of enzymes by dietary fibres can, at least partly, be explained by adsorption to the fibre or by the presence of enzyme inhibitors especially in natural compounds. The reasons for activation processes are unknown. As enzyme activities are decisive for food digestion, the properties of the individual fibres should be carefully considered when used as dietary supplement in physiological or pathological co

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199912

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We investigated the hypothesis of a direct effect of amino acids on gastric parietal cells. [14C]aminopyrine uptake into isolated enriched rat parietal cells served as a quantitative index of H+ production. Cells were incubated in media containing 1 mM Ca2+ in the absence or presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine (IBMX), or 3 mM Ca2+ without IBMX. Under these different conditions, L-arginine, L-phenylalanine and L-tryptophan (10-6M to 3 × 10-2M) failed to alter basal [14C]aminopyrine uptake as well as the response to submaximal stimulation by histamine, forskolin, N6O2-dibutyryladenosine-3´,5´-(cyclic)-phosphate (db cAMP) or carbachol. Pentagastrin failed to elicit an appreciable response in the presence and absence of 10-3 M of all three amino acids studied. It is concluded that in vivo the potent stimulation of gastric acid secretion by L-arginine, L-phenylalanine and L-tryptophan is mediated by other than direct mechanis

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199913

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A series of anamnestic, clinical, endoscopic and histologic parameters was evaluated in 64 patients with ulcerative colitis in remission to assess whether any of these had predictive value of relapse. All patients with quiescent disease were followed for at least 6 months. The statistical analysis was carried out by means of likelihood χ2 test, receiver operating characteristic curve, Youden index and stepwise logistic regression. Eighteen patients out of 64 (28 %) had a relapse, in a mean period of 9 months after the beginning of the study. The findings of our study suggest that only three factors were useful in selecting a subpopulation with a higher risk of recurrence: (a) a fiber-poor diet; (b) a number of previous episodes of relapse higher than 10, and (c) the presence of extraintestinal manifestations

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199914

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of intragastric administration of an antiulcer drug, sucralfate, on the content, composition and physical properties of the mucus component of gastric mucosal barrier were investigated. The experiments were conducted with two groups of rats in which one group received twice daily for five consecutive days a dose of 100 mg sucralfate, while the control group received daily doses of saline. The animals were sacrificed 16 h after the last dose, their stomachs dissected and the mucosa subjected to measurements of the adherent mucus gel dimension and mucin content, evaluation of its viscosity, H+ retardation capacity and hydrophobicity, and analysis of its components and molecular form distribution of elaborated mucin. The results revealed that sucralfate elicited only a minor (8%) increase in mucus gel dimension, while sulfo- and sialomucin contents of the gel increased by 63 and 81%, respectively. The changes in mucus gel mucin content with sucralfate were accompanied by a slight (9.5%) increase in mucus H+ retardation capacity, 1.9-fold increase in viscosity, and a 60% increase in the gel hydrophobicity. Chemical analyses indicated that the mucus elaborated in the presence of sucralfate exhibited 14 % lower protein content and 62 % higher content of carbohydrate than that of control, displayed similar levels of total lipids and covalently bound fatty acids, but its neutral lipid content was significantly higher. Furthermore, the gastric mucus of the sucralfate group showed a marked increase in the proportion of the high-molecular-weight form of mucin, while the low-moleculer-weight form predominated in the control group. The results indicate that the protective qualities of sucralfate lie mainly in its ability to enhance the gastric mucus gel viscosity, hydrophobicity, content of mucin and its proportion in the high-molecular-weight form.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199915

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum patterns of preS gene encoded proteins during the chronic phase of hepatitis B virus infection and their relationship with hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid and hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen were investigated. The results indicate that the presence of preS1 and/or preS2 antigens in serum does not correlate with circulating hepatisis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid and hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen. It is, therefore, suggested that preS antigens cannot be regarded as specific markers of active viral replication in chronically hepatitis B virus infected p

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199916

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199917

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199918

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger