摘要:

Gut resection triggers off a complex series of adaptive changes in the remaining bowel. There is evidence that these are partly mediated by hormonal factors and enteroglucagons have been proposed as candidates for this role. It is uncertain, however, whether plasma enteroglucagon concentrations rise quickly enough to be involved in the rapid initial response or are persistent enough for chronic maintenance. Plasma concentrations of enteroglucagon were therefore estimated at varying times following gut resection and related to crypt cell production rate (CCPR), which was used as an index of cellular proliferation. 96 male Wistar rats had either 75% proximal small bowel resection or jejunal transection (controls). Groups of animals were killed at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 days following operation and the plasma enteroglucagon and CCPR in the terminal ileum were estimated. Both values were markedly elevated at 1.5 days and continued to rise in a very similar manner in the resected group of rats. Gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-50 of plasma samples showed that the increase in plasma enteroglucagon was mainly due to an increase in a component of Kav 0.25, of similar molecular size to that of porcine glicentin. Thus the principal form of enteroglucagon, as a possible trophic hormone, does respond sufficiently quickly, and the response is maintained for long enough, to be involved throughout the adaptive process.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199012

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats with chronic gastric fistula were used to study gastric and duodenal/pancreatic secretory changes evoked by chemical duodenal ulcerogens. Although the data demonstrate stimulation of gastric output of acid and pepsin by certain doses of cysteamine or propionitrile, cysteamine produced dose-response increases in acid secretion only during the 1 st hour following administration. The base output was also elevated at most of the time intervals after cysteamine. Decreased alkaline secretion was only seen following propionitrile injection. Although hyperacidity at the ulcer site may occur during duodenal ulcerogenesis, these results suggest that direct stimulation of acid-pepsin secretion or depression of pancreatic alkaline output are not the primary mechanisms explaining the ulcerogenic action of cysteamine and propionitrile.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199013

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cigarette smoking is suspected to aggravate the symptoms and to delay the healing of gastroduodenal peptic ulceration. The healing rate of duodenal ulcer was endoscopically studied in 82 heavy smokers and compared to that of a nonsmoking control group of 92 patients. The two groups received the antiulcer treatment in a double-blind fashion with one of the following regimens: cimetidine 1 g, trimipramine 50 mg, prostaglandin E1· analogue 800 or 200 μg, low-dose antacid or placebo. The smokers’ overall healing rate was 45.1% compared to 51.1% in the nonsmokers. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Ths finding is not in agreement with previous reports showing an adverse effect of smoking on the healing process of duodenal ul

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199014

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 14C-triolein breath test was carried out on 49 subjects suffering from chronic pancreatitis or from other digestive diseases, and its results were compared with the daily fecal fat excretion. The 14CO2 peak excretion was abnormal in all the subjects with a fecal fat excretion above 14 g/day, whereas individual values of 14CO2 peak excretion in subjects without steatorrhea and with a fecal fat excretion ranging from 7.1 to 14 g overlapped. The lowest value observed in patients not suffering from steatorrhea was chosen as the lower normal limit of 14CO2 peak excretion. A test sensitivity as high as 64% was attained. The correlation between fecal fat and 14CO2 peak excretion was highly significant (r = 0.802; p < 0.0001), and it followed a negative exponential function. Therefore, small variations in the 14CO2 peak excretion can be associated with a wide range of fecal fat excretion. Well-compensated diabetes secondary to pancreatitis did not interfere with the results of the test. In conclusion, in our experience this test proved to be a qualitative diagnostic tool with a low sensitivity.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199015

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The qualitative changes of gastric mucus glycoproteins occurring after aspirin dosing in rats were further investigated. Mucus glycoprotein contents of test animals were 55 and 53% of the control value at 3 and 7 h after dosing, respectively. The glycoproteins were further fractionated by CM-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography. 5 fractions were separated, 1 unadsorbed (fraction 1) and 4 adsorbed (fractions 2–5). Ratios of the major fractions 1:2:4 were 36:47:17 for control, 40:35:25 3 h after aspirin dosing, and 47:33:20 7 h after aspirin administration. Fractions 1, 2, and 4 corresponded to sulfomucin and sialomucin (relatively high content of sialic acid), sialomucin, and neutral mucin, respectively. While the absolute amount of each mucus glycoprotein fraction decreased with aspirin administration, the diminution of fraction 2 was distinc

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199016

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The direct vagal innervation of the pancreas in dogs was interrupted by extragastric vagotomy (EGV). The response of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) to a protein meal and to hypoglycemia was compared preoperatively, after EGV and after truncal vagotomy (TV). EGV had no detectable effect on PP secretion under basal or stimulated conditions. After TV, the PP response to a protein meal was reduced and totally abolished in response to insulin hypoglycemia when compared to preoperative results. This indicates that direct innervation of the pancreas is of little importance for the release of PP but that vagal innervation of the stomach is important provided that the vagal fibers to PP cells all pass through these extragastric vagal branches.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199017

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The basal (interdigestive) gastrointestinal motor activity and the interdigestive gastric acid and pancreatic amylase secretion were determined in 10 young smokers (mean age 23 years) and 7 nonsmokers (mean age 26 years). There was no significant difference in the length of the interdigestive motor complex between smokers and nonsmokers, but the speed of transmission of the activity front (phase III) in the upper intestine was significantly (p < 0.05) greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. No significant overall changes in the interdigestive gastric acid and pancreatic amylase outputs were observed between the two groups studied.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199018

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Pyridoxine binding to liver plasma membrane isolated from livers of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The effect of increasing concentration of pyridoxine on its binding to the membranes revealed a concentration-dependent and saturable process with a significant decrease in the high affinity receptor sites of the diabetic membrane. Moreover, the incubation of the membranes with procaine, colchicine and vincristine increased significantly pyridoxine binding to normal and diabetic membrane. Treatment of the normal and diabetic membranes with insulin did not affect pyridoxine binding. It could be suggested that streptozotocin-induced diabetes caused an alteration in the pyridoxine binding capacity of the liver plasma membrane which might be due to certain structural changes in the membrane.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199019

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was designed to assess the effect of ranitidine on patients with symptomatic oesophageal reflux. In a double-blind comparative trial in 46 patients a twice daily dose of 150 mg ranitidine was compared with placebo. Relief of pain, endoscopic healing and histological improvement were significantly better in those treated with ranitidine. Thus, ranitidine is of value in the management of patients with reflux oesophagitis and may prevent the development of peptic stricture.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199020

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

96 unrelated patients suffering from ulcerative colitis were typed for the electrophoretic variants of alpha1-antitrypsin (α1-AT). None of the phenotypes showed a definite association with this condition. The serum concentration of α1-AT was increased compared with healthy control subjects. There was a positive correlation between the serum concentration of α1-AT and activity of the ulcerative colit

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199021

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger