摘要:

We have analyzed the presence of IgG and IgM anti-calmodulin antibodies (anti-CaM) by ELISA in patients with chronic hepatitis due to B, δ and C viruses as well as in patients with other liver diseases. The specificity of the assay was demonstrated by pre-adsorption of positive serum with calmodulin (CaM) but not with myosin light chain. Among 164 patients whith chronic viral hepatitis (B, δ and C) and 50 with non-viral hepatitis, 27 and 26%, respectively, had auto.antibodies against CaM. There was a significantly increased frequency (37%) of these auto-antibodies in chronic δ infection as compared to that (21%) of patients with chronic B hepatitis (p < 0.05). An intermediate incidence of anti-CaM, (24%) was found in chronic C infection. The frequency of anti-CaM was not related to the level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis δ virus (HDV) replication. A high occurrence of anti-CaM in the presence of liver membrane antibody (p < 0.03) was observed. During follow-up of patients with chronic δ-hepatitis, the presence of anti-CaM was consistently observed, when the isotype was IgM, but transiently when it was IgG. The occurrence of anti-CaM correlated neither with ALT levels nor with histological diagnosis. Antibodies to CaM, are present in liver diseases especially in chronic δ-hepatitis, and do not play a pathogenic role on hepatocellular d

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200711

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to observe the incidence of dysrhythmia in 20 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, we recorded gastric electrical activity by means of serosal electrodes from the day of surgery to the 6th postoperative day. The difference between the incidence of dysrhythmia on the day of the operation and the other days is statistically significant (t test: p < 0.001). Bradygastria was the most frequently observed dysrhythmia, both on the day of surgery and on the following days. It had a frequency of around 1.0–1.5 cpm and the episodes lasted for a minimum of 10 min to a maximum of 105 min (mean duration 32.6 min). Episodes of tachygastria were of varying duration, ranging from a minimum of 3 min to a maximum of 60 min (mean duration 18.5 min), whereas episodes of gastric tachyarrhythmia lasted between 2 min and 21 min (mean duration 5.4 min). Only 1 patient had an episode of nausea and biliary vomiting, associated with an episode of gastric tachyarrhythmia on the 1st postoperative day. None of the other patients had symptoms of impaired gastric function, such as nausea, vomiting, bloating and epigastric pain, at any time during the recording sessions. These findings suggest that in most cases, gastric electrical rhythm returns to normal within 24 h of cholecystectomy and further that gastric dysrhythmia is not related to symptoms of impaired gastric function. The etiological mechanism and clinical significance of gastric dysrhythmia, therefore, are still unclea

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200712

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Antacids containing aluminum have been shown to stimulate the protective processes in the gastric mucosa and to enhance the healing of chronic gastroduodenal ulcerations, but the mechanisms of these effects are still unexplained. This study was designed to compare the protective effects of unmodified and acidified (pH 2.0) Maalox 70 and Al(OH)3 on the formation of acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by absolute ethanol, taurocholate, acidified aspirin and stress, and to determine the role of gastric acid in healing of chronic gastroduodenal ulcerations by these antacids in rats. Acidified Maalox 70 and Al(OH)3 were significantly more potent than unmodified agents against all four tested types of acute mucosal lesions, and this action was probably due to their ‘mild irritant’ effect as evidenced by extensive exfoliation of the surface epithelial cells observed microscopically after the exposure of the mucosa to these agents. Mucosal generation of prostaglandins does not appear to be involved in the gastroprotection by acidified Maalox because the pretreatment with indomethacin did not affect this protection. In contrast to the protective effect, the ulcer-healing capacity of Maalox or Al(OH)3 does not appear to be dependent upon the presence of gastric acid because the reduction or elimination of endogenous acid by the pretreatment with ranitidine or omeprazole did not affect the healing of gastroduodenal ulcerations. We conclude that aluminum-containing antacids induce the mucosal protection that is enhanced in the presence of luminal acid but exhibit an ulcer-healing property that appears to be unrelated to gastric acid secretion or mucosal generation of prostagland

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200713

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats were given 59Fe (28 µg) together with doses of 0, 2 and 200 µg of uroporphyrin III in paired observations. Absorption of 59Fe was determined by comparing whole body counts of the rats 30 min and 7 days after dosing. Prior treatment with 200 µg of uroporphyrin twice daily for 3 days was associated with significantly increased 59Fe absorption of 6.2% compared to the absorption of 4.6% without uroporphyrin (control) and 4.6% with a 2-µg dose (p < 0.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200714

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind crossover study lower esophageal sphincter pressure and distal esophageal motility were studied in 10 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis or mixed connective tissue disease, following a single intravenous dose of cisapride or placebo. The measurements were carried out under basal conditions and 30 min after intravenous administration of 10 mg cisapride or placebo. No effects on lower esophageal sphincter pressure or distal esophageal motility were observed.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200715

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Pancreatic secretion of zinc and copper in duodenal juice were measured in 7 healthy persons and in 9 patients with chronic pancreatitis. Stimulation with cholecystokinin and secretin increased secretion of zinc in healthy persons but not in patients. Copper secretion was not influenced. In patients with chronic pancreatitis, the correlations between zinc secretion, and amylase and trypsin secretion were significant while in healthy subjects they were not. Possibly pancreatic zinc secretion in the duodenal juice might be used as a measure of exogenic pancreatic function, and determination of zinc in duodenal juice may replace enzyme determinations in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200716

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The dynamics of the rectal detrusor at defecation was studied in 29 normal and 10 constipated subjects. The rectal pressure was measured by a ureteral catheter with terminal side holes, while the intra-abdominal pressure was measured by a Foley catheter introduced into the urinary bladder. Simultaneous recording of fecal flow was performed by fecoflowmetry. Assessment of the findings in normal subjects has shown a pre-evacuation rectal pressure elevation which reached its peak with the start of fecal flow and then fell gradually as the flow increased. This was in contrast to the constipated patients in whom the elevated pre-evacuation rectal pressure continued through the whole act of evacuation. Quantitative analysis of the rectal pressure curve could also differentiate between normal and constipated subjects. The significant parameters are the opening pressure and time, the pressure time and the evacuation pressure. The simultaneous recording of the intra-abdominal pressure demonstrates its share in the increase of the rectal pressure.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200717

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationship of gastric hypermotility to mucosal hemodynamics, lipid peroxidation and vascular permeability changes was investigated in the pathogenesis of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats. Subcutaneous administration of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) produced an increase in both the amplitude and frequency of stomach contraction from 30 min after treatment, resulting in hemorrhagic damage 2 h later. Gastric mucosal blood flow measured by a Laser flowmetry showed oscillatory fluctuations under hypercontractile states: a decrease during contraction followed by an increase during relaxation. Mucosal lipid peroxidation and vascular permeability were significantly increased with time after indomethacin treatment, and these changes preceded the appearance of hemorrhagic damage. All these events were prevented when gastric hypermotility was inhibited by atropine or 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2. Pretreatment of the animals with allopurinol and hydroxyurea or continuous infusion of superoxide dismutase and dimethyl sulfoxide during a test period also attenuated these functional changes and mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin, without affecting the motility response. We conclude that oxygen free radicals may play a role in the development of mucosal lesions associated with gastric hypermotility in indomethacin-treated rats.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200718

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger