摘要:

The protective capability of Maalox against indomethacin-induced gastric damage was evaluated in hamsters. The effect of acidification on the gastroprotection provided by Maalox against such damage was also determined. Maalox was ineffective against indomethacin-induced gastric antral ulceration in hamsters. Acidification of this antacid to pHs of 1.5–3.5 resulted in significant (80–90%) gastroprotection against indomethacin. Macroscopic and histologic evidence of binding by acidified Maalox to the hamster antral mucosa was clearly evident. In summary, no correlation exists between acid neutralization and the gastroprotective capability of Maalox against indomethacin in hamsters. The gastroprotection by acidified Maalox against antral ulceration in this species corresponds well with the reported presence of its hexaaquoaluminum cation moiety at a pH below 4. Such gastroprotection may involve binding of this cation to the hamster pyloric antrum thereby protecting the antral mucosa against indomethacin-induced ulcerat

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200733

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Guinea pigs were given a daily oral dose of 400 μg/kg of omeprazole or the omeprazole vehicle for 6 weeks. At weekly intervals, the animal and stomach weights were recorded, the nonfasted serum gastrins measured, and the total number of gastric fundic epithelial cells were isolated and counted. Gastric mucous epithelial cells were enriched from the total gastric fundic cell population and cultured for 6 days in the absence or presence of hormones (epidermal growth factor and pentagastrin). We found that omeprazole treatment for 1–6 weeks significantly (p < 0.05) increased the stomach weight, the nonfasted serum gastrin levels, and the total number of isolated gastric fundic and mucous epithelial cells over control animals. A significant (p < 0.05) increase was also found in the basal and hormone-stimulated cultured growth rates of gastric mucous epithelial cells isolated from the stomachs of omeprazole-treated animals as compared with gastric mucous cells from control animals. We conclude that oral omeprazole treatment of guinea pigs will cause a specific increase in the gastric mucous cell population as well as increase the in vitro cultured gastric mucous cell basal and hormone-stimulated growth rat

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200734

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The value of a two point analysis (double sample) 14C-urea breath test in diagnosing Helicobacterpylori (HP) infection in patients with suspected acid peptic disease has been studied and compared to histology and to a rapid agar plate urease test in 76 patients. Using the histological finding of HP as the gold standard, the 14C-breath test was positive in 59 of the 61 histologically confirmed infected patients and in 3 of the 15 noninfected ones, giving a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 80%. In 12 patients, a smaller dose of 3 μCi 14C-urea was used. The results correlated well with those in whom the higher dose of 10 μCi was used. We conclude that a two point 14C-urea breath test with analysis at 5 and 15 min is effective in diagnosing HP infection thus obviating the need for endoscopy and biops

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200735

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-five gallbladders were studied in vitro. Sixteen had radiolucent gallstones and 9 had radiopaque gallstones. The radiolucent gallstones had a cholesterol content of 94.17 ± 3.76% and the radiopaque gallstones had a cholesterol content of 56.6 ± 4.46%. Half the maximal response (ED50) to cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-OP) and to carbachol in strips from patients with radiolucent gallstones was 0.8 ± 0.15 and 27.01 ± 3.74 × 10-7M, respectively. In strips from patients with radiopaque gallstones, the ED50 was 0.4 ± 0.08 and 14.92 ± 3.07 × 10-7M, respectively. The ED50 values to CCK-OP and carbachol were greater in strips from specimens with radiolucent gallstones than in strips from specimens with radiopaque gallstones (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximal contractile response of the two groups. It can be concluded that gallbladder sensitivity to CCK-OP and carbachol can be modified in relation to differences in the cholesterol and calcium content of the

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fasting reduced the weight, protein, DNA, RNA and polyamine contents of the small intestine of rats, but its effects on the in vivo uptake of intraperitoneally injected 14C-spermidine through the basolateral membrane of the small intestine were small. The uptake of putrescine was nearly doubled by fasting for 48 h. Fasting for 48 h had reduced villus length but was without effects on the crypts. Refeeding for 6 h of rats fasted for 48 h led to hypertrophic growth: the length of both crypts and villi increased by about 50% without changes in cell number. The uptake of spermidine by the small intestine increased above not only that in fasted rats but also that in the controls fed ad libitum. The high putrescine uptake of rats fasted for 48 h was unchanged after refeeding for 6 h, but returned to control values after 12 h. Spermidine in the gut was well conserved, while most of the putrescine was transformed into non-polyamine metabolites. It is concluded that refeeding stimulates basolateral spermidine uptake, and this may be a general mechanism for polyamine accretion in adaptive growth of the small intestine.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200737

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thirty-five patients with irritable bowel syndrome were randomised to receive treatment in a stress management programme or conventional therapy which included the antispasmodic Colpermin. The stress management programme involved a median of six 40-min sessions with a physiotherapist during which patients were helped to understand the nature of their symptoms, their relationship to stress and were taught relaxation exercises. Two thirds of those in the stress management programme found the programme effective in relieving symptoms and experienced fewer attacks of less severity. This benefit was maintained for at least 12 months. Few of those given conventional management had any benefit. A stress management programme would appear to be of value for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200738

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Experimental reactivation of chronic gastric lesions induced by acetic acid injection to the rat stomach was produced after exposure of the animals to different secondary damaging conditions. On day 18 after the initial injury, animals (n = 100) were distributed in five groups. One of them was used as control and the remainder were subjected to absolute ethanol, stress, pyloric ligation or aspirin. Measurements of gastric acid secretion were performed. Pyloric ligation resulted in the maximal rate of acid secretion. Computerized morphometric analysis of the gastric injuries showed a significant association (70%, p < 0.01) of hemorrhagic lesions with the primary site of chronic injury in animals subjected to pyloric ligation. No significant association was observed after absolute ethanol (30%), aspirin (30%) or stress (35%). The presence of hemorrhage associated with the original gastric lesions was more dependent on the disorganization of the lamina propria and proliferation of chief cells in the margins of the mucosal scar than on the severity or extent of the chronic lesions. These results indicate that local conditions at the level of gastric mucosa together with an increased presence of acid in the gastric lumen provide favorable conditions for the reactivation of primary chronic lesions in the rat.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200739

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronically infected patient developed an episode of acute hepatitis during the course of immunosuppressive therapy given for a lymphoproliferative disease. It was noted that anti-HCV antibody response, seen to be relatively stable during the follow-up, lowered dramatically in coincidence with the hepatocytolytic peak. A diagnostic liver biopsy taken at the time of the acute phase of hepatitis demonstrated a typical feature of lobular hepatitis with widespread lymphocytic infiltrates, the predominant type of which expressed CD8 immunophenotype. Cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs may interfere with hepatitis virus infections. However, at variance from hepatitis B virus infection in which acute liver decompensation develops after withdrawal of chemotherapy in our HCV chronically infected patient it appeared during the course of the treatment, suggesting a different hepatocytolytic mechanism. Although the actual frequency of the phenomenon is presently unknown, this observation seems to indicate that immunosuppressive and cytotoxic agents should be used with caution in HCV chronic infection in which cell-mediated immune response seems to play a major role in the production of the liver damage.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200740

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger