摘要:

In order to evaluate the possible relation between hepatic function and hemodynamics and the increased humoral immune response of cirrhotic patients, titres of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) and concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, A and M were determined in 74 consecutive patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Patients showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased prevalences of ANA and SMA and concentrations of Ig G, A and M when compared to controls. No significant correlations were found between titres of ANA or SMA and hepatic scan score, galactose elimination capacity, indo-cyanine green clearance, hepatic blood flow and wedged-to-free hepatic vein pressure. Hepatic scan score correlated directly (p = 0.38, p < 0.05) to IgA concentrations; wedged-to-free hepatic vein pressure correlated directly to IgG concentrations (p = 0.35, p < 0.05) and to IgM concentrations (p = 0.42, p < 0.01). No other significant correlations were found between Ig concentrations and variables of hepatic function or hemodynamics.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199084

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lactose intolerance and faecal characteristics were compared in 16 patients with symptomatic irritable bowel syndrome and in age- and sex-matched controls. Faecal stool weight was increased in the irritable bowel syndrome patients, whereas faecal bile acids, fat, volatile fatty acids, and neutral sterols were not significantly different. No lactose intolerance was found in irritable bowel syndrome subjects. Measurements of colonic motility showed only modest activity for both basal and food-stimulated activity. There was a weak correlation between the concentration of total bile acids, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and the motility index.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199085

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193498

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1922

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We have used in vivo rectal dialysis to test the hypothesis that the diarrhoea of patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) is due to inhibition of large intestinal salt and water absorption by enhanced local mucosal prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. In 28 patients with untreated UC, increased rectal mucosal PGE2 release varied inversely with sodium transport and directly with potassium transport; higher PGE2 release was also associated with lower (i.e. less negative) potential difference (PD). Disease activity assessed sigmoidoscopically was positively related to PGE2 release, potassium transport and lower PD. Similar relationships were found in 33 patients treated with sulphasalazine and/or corticosteroids and in 9 patients studied serially when on unaltered conventional, or no treatment. In contrast, when 10 patients with UC were given the PG synthesis inhibitor, flurbiprofen, a significant fall in PGE2 release was associated with deteriorations in mucosal PD and transport of sodium and potassium. Increased PG production is therefore unlikely to be a major determinant of the abnormalities of electrolyte transport found in UC. The correlations between mucosal PGE2 release and electrolyte transport were probably due to the relationship of these variables with some other consequence of tissue damage.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199086

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The following perfusion media for dissolving bile duct calculi were infused via a cutaneobiliary tube into the biliary tract of 12 mongrel dogs: 4.3% cholate solution, 0.34% chenodeoxycholate solution, Capmul, GMOC (special formulation of Capmul), BA-EDTA and 0.9% saline. Infusion lasted 50 h. Postmortem examination revealed hemorrhagic, partly phlegmonous cholangitis, acute duodenitis, necrosis and abscesses in the liver. The lesions were most pronounced after the cholate solution and with Capmul and GMOC, but were only detected to a slight extent after BA-EDTA and the chenodeoxycholate solution. 0.9% saline had no side effects. The investigations could demonstrate that it is the very irrigation media that today are recommended for treatment of bile duct stones in patients, that cause considerable morphologic side effects. The alternating administration of an EDTA solution with a Capmul preparation may diminish local toxicity of the latter.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199087

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193500

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1922

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Timoprazole, a substituted benzimidazole, is an antisecretory agent that inhibits gastric acid secretion by interference with (H+-K+)-ATPase. In the studies reported herein, timoprazole given orally was found to be cytoprotective for the stomach when given 30 min prior to a challenge to boiling water, ethanol, or 0.6 N HCl. Timoprazole also prevented necrosis of the mucosa and acute ulcerations induced by alcohol in the rat fundus, as evaluated by histopathology. The ED50 for cytoprotection was between 1 and 3 mg/kg of timoprazole depending on the challenge, whereas the antisecretory ED50 was approximately 12 mg/kg. Timoprazole was an active antisecretory agent when given subcutaneously (ED50 10 mg/kg), but was not cytoprotective when given by this route. Indomethacin pretreatment (5 mg/kg orally) blocked the cytoprotective activity of oral timoprazole at doses of 1 or 3 mg/kg given 30 min later. However, at higher doses of timoprazole (5 mg/kg), indomethacin did not inhibit the cytoprotective activity. The ability of high doses of timoprazole to overcome the indomethacin blocks is different than the cytoprotective activity of mild irritants, which is always blocked by indomethacin. However, when tested in vitro, timoprazole exhibited only mild inhibitory activity on both prostaglandin cyclooxygenase and 15-hydroxyl-dehydrogenase and only at high doses, suggestive of nonspecific activity.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199088

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The changes in the residual function of the exocrine pancreas before and after the operation for chronic pancreatitis were examined with N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (NBT-PABA test) in 15 patients. The results of the NBT-PABA test classified by the surgical formula proved that no significant difference was found between the pancreatectomized group (pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy) and the decompression group (pancreatojejunostomy and transduodenal exploration of the pancreatic duct), and no improvement on the outcome of the postoperative NBT-PABA test, as compared with the outcome of the preoperative test, was noted in both groups. When the state of the fibrosis of the pancreas was classified by the grade for comparison, it was observed that the outcome of the NBT-PABA test of grade 1, in which little fibrosis was made, was better than the outcome of the test of grade 3 before operation (p < 0.01) and after operation (p < 0.01). In each of the grades, however, no difference was found between the outcome of the preoperative NBT-PABA test, and that of the postoperative test. It was presumed from these findings that the residual function of the exocrine pancreas after operation was dependent largely on the degree of pancreatic fibrosis at operation.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199089

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193501

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1922

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

During modified sham feeding (MSF) the role of endogenous gastric acid secretion and the influences of the autonomic nervous system on the release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin have been studied in 12 healthy subjects (aged 24–38 years). Sham feeding was performed without pretreatment (control) and after pretreatment with 400 mg cimetidine, 80 mg propranolol (both given orally) or 1 mg atropine administered subcutaneously 60 min prior to sham feeding. MSF induced a significant increase (about 100%) in PP release. Its early peak was reduced by pretreatment with propranolol whereas cimetidine had no effect. Atropine completely abolished the PP response. Gastrin release was stimulated by MSF only after prior administration of cimetidine and, to a lesser extent, after atropine pretreatment. It is concluded that: (1) the PP release after stimulation is under strong cholinergic control but is also mediated – particularly in the early phase – by adrenergic mechanisms; (2) endogenously released acid during vagal stimulation plays a minor role in the modulation of PP secretion, but (3) masks gastrin response t

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199090

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger