摘要:

Liver tissue samples from 111 patients with various hepatic disorders including 37 with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and 22 with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) were studied. Of the PBC patients, 33 out of 37 (89%) showed orcein-positive and rubeanic acid- positive intrahepatocytic copper granules. In the 4 negative cases conventional staining methods revealed characteristic bile duct lesions and granuloma formations; all 4 were so-called presymptomatic patients. Amongst the liver biopsy samples from CAH patients, 12 out of 22 (55%) contained orcein-positive granules, but none showed stainable copper. We conclude that (1) combined orcein and rubeanic acid positivity in liver samples helps to distinguish between PBC and CAH; (2) in presymptomatic PBC the negativity of both methods is adequately compensated by a high frequency of characteristic bile duct lesions and granuloma formation: (3) the absence of orceinophilic intrahepatocytic granules, in our hands, does not accurately predict the response to steroid therapy.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198615

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The dynamics of the inhibitory effect of ranitidine, a new H2-receptor antagonist, on histamine and pentagastrin-induced gastric secretion have been examined in duodenal ulcer patients. The inhibition by ranitidine of histamine-induced secretion was found to be competitive, whereas that of pentagastrin-induced secretion not competitive. Ranitidine was an effective inhibitor of pentagastrin-induced secretion for 8–12 h after administration. The availability of ranitidine, a powerful and long-acting inhibitor of gastric secretion, provides an opportunity of an alternative treatment from cimetidine for peptic ulcer and related disease

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198617

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of i.v. somatostatin, 6.0–0.05 μg · min-1, on the gastric emptying and on the transit times and glucose absorption in the proximal 70 cm of the small bowel after 75 g of oral glucose were examined in healthy subjects with a multiple-marker dilution method. In the controls the stomach emptied the hypertonic glucose solution in 3 h and 48 ± 4 g of glucose was absorbed in the intestinal test segment. Approximately even proportions were absorbed from the emptied glucose portions throughout the experiments; variations were caused by the varying transit time, the absorption being more complete the longer the time to transit the segment. Somatostatin, started 20 min before oral glucose and infused for 1 or 2 h, prolonged dose-dependently the transit time. A maximal prolongation from 15 ± 2 min in the controls to 55 ± 7 min (p < 0.01) was attained by 0.5 μg · min-1, and 0.05 μg · min-1 somatostatin gave a significant twofold slowing. The inhibition of the intestinal motility persisted in the postinfusion period and was followed by a late sudden acceleration of the propagation speed. The gastric emptying rate was reduced by somatostatin, but the inhibition was slowly established and of marginal consequences for the absorption. 2-Hour infusions of more than 1.5 μg · min-1 delayed the complete emptying. Somatostatin reduced dose-dependently the glucose absorption rate in the segment. In the controls the absorption rate of 9.5 ± 1.4% · min-1 of transit decreased to 4.2 ± 0.7% min-1 (p < 0.02) after a dose of 0.05 μg· min-1 and to 2.6 ± 0.1 % · min-1 (p < 0.01) after 0.5 μg · min-1 of somatostatin and was further lowered by higher doses. The lower effectiveness was compensated by the prolonged transit times so that the totally absorbed glucose in the segment approached the control value. An absolute reduction was only recorded in early phases of the experiments before the transit was slowed and it seems to result in spite of prolonged transit from infusion rates of 1.5 μg · min-1 or more somatostatin. Dose-related side effects from the digestive tract and due to hypoglycemia in the late postinfusion period were common with infusion rates exceeding 0.5 μg · min-1. The study shows that exogenous somatostatin delays and evens out the uptake of oral glucose in the proximal small bowel by dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the gastrointestinal motility and reductions of the glucose absorption rate. The effects could be produced by somatostatin doses a hundred times lower than previously tested for effects in the hum

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198619

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The response of peripheral blood T lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A) assessed by the production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF), was studied in patients with acute viral hepatitis type B and in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis carrying hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Lymphocytes from patients in the acute period of the disease and in severely active chronic aggressive hepatitis showed the ability to respond by LMIF production while lymphocytes from patients with moderately active chronic aggressive hepatitis were unable to do so. In parallel, it was shown that lymphocytes from the latter group of patients were capable of suppressing Con-A-induced LMIF production. Thus, mitogen-induced mediator production may be a useful parameter in the further characterization of chronic viral hepatitis.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198622

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Faecal bile acid excretion and rectosigmoid myoelectrical activity were measured on three separate occasions over a 12-month period in 21 patients with the irritable colon syndrome. The results were compared with those of a group of normal subjects. Deoxycholic acid excretion was statistically significantly lower in patients with the irritable colon syndrome. In addiditon, these patients had a persistently high incidence of 0.03–0.06 Hz (2–4 c/m) rectosigmoid slow-wave electrical activity. These abnormal values persisted throughout the period of the st

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198624

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nurses with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis were contacted through nursing journals in Britain, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. They completed a postal questionnaire about age, place of diagnosis, nursing qualifications and duties, and the number of affected first-degree relatives. The results for each country were analysed separately and compared. 107 British nurses with Crohn’s disease and 70 with ulcerative colitis completed the questionnaire. There was no significant difference between the occupational activities of nurses with Crohn’s disease and those with ulcerative colitis. Similar results were obtained in the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Nurses do not appear to be at an increased risk of developing Crohn’s

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198626

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The overall effect of the beta-blocker timolol maleate was not significantly different from placebo in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome on a high fibre diet. However, all 3 symptom-free patients were on timolol maleate. If beta-blockers have a major role to play in the treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome it must be through a central rather than a peripheral effect.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198627

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Calcium-binding protein (CaBP) was measured in the mucosa of cecum and colon of pair-fed control and diabetic rats. After extraction from mucosa, CaBP was purified by Bio-gel P-100 chromatography, and eluted fractions were analyzed by Chelex assay to define the peak of CaBP. Total CaBP content of mucosa in cecum was slightly depressed in diabetics compared to controls, but was decreased to one-third the control value in colon. Specific activity (CaBP per g mucosa and per mg protein) of diabetics was reduced to two-thirds the control value in both segments. Thus, in diabetes, the response of large intestinal CaBP is similar, but of lower magnitude than that of duodenum.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198628

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193203

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1916

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193204

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1916

数据来源: Karger