摘要:

In order to investigate the relation between duodenal mucosal and pancreaticobiliary bicarbonate secretion, we have studied the effect of inhibition of mucosal bicarbonate secretion by indomethacin on the disappearance rate of acid and the concomitant plasma secretin concentrations. 10 healthy subjects were studied twice, with and without indomethacin pretreatment. By means of a double-lumen tube the duodenum was perfused with increasing amounts of acid (0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.5 mmol/h) and the disappearence rate of acid, pH of duodenal aspirate and plasma secretin were measured. In both experiments nearly all acid, even at the highest acid load, disappeared (pH > 6). Inhibition of the duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion did not decrease the acid-neutralizing capacity of the human duodenum. In fact, the disappearance rate of acid at the highest acid load was a little greater when mucosal bicarbonate secretion had been inhibited than when not (10.3 ± 0.5 vs. 9.2 ± 0.2 mmol/h). The pancreaticobiliary secretion of bicarbonate, as judged by plasma secretin concentrations, increased, however, earlier when mucosal bicarbonate secretion had been inhibited than when not (3.7 vs. 3.0 pmol/l at an acid load of 6.0 mmol/h). This indicates that bicarbonate from the duodenal mucosa normally plays a role in the in lumen neutralization of acid in the human duodenu

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200486

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The role of free radicals in the development of cerulein-induced pancreatitis was evaluated by measuring the activity of the endogenous scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), as indicators of the defense system, and the level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in the pancreas, as an indicator of the offense system. Acute pancreatitis was induced by 5 hourly intraperitoneal administrations of cerulein (50 μg/kg body weight), in 0.9% NaCl, to mice. The presence of acute pancreatitis was confirmed by changes in serum amylase levels and in typical microscopical features. Regarding the changes in the levels of endogenous scavengers, the SOD level was decreased significantly from a basal level of 52.6 ± 3.94 to 43.1 ± 2.79 mU/μg DNA at 6 h (p < 0.01) to 38.8 ± 5.18 mU/μg DNA at 9 h (p < 0.05) and to 31.7 ± 3.10 mU/μg DNA at 12 h (p < 0.01) after the first intraperitoneal cerulein injection. The CAT level also decreased significantly from a basal level of 7.80 ± 0.27 to 5.86 ± 0.46 mU/μg DNA at 9 h (p < 0.01) and to 4.52 ± 0.21 mU/μg DNA at 12 h (p < 0.01). GSHpx increased from a basal level of 6.80 ± 0.43 to 7.58 ± 0.50 mU/μg DNA at 9 h and to 10.2 ± 0.52 mU/μg DNA at 12 h after the first intraperitoneal cerulein injection. The LPO level increased from a basal level of 1.11 ± 0.48 to 7.22 ± 1.75 nmol/ml at 3.5 h(p < 0.05), 5.40 ± 1.50 nmol/ml at 6 h(p < 0.05), 3.86 ± 1.07 nmol/ml at 9 h (p < 0.05) and 3.18 ± 1.18 nmol/ml at 12 h (p < 0.01) after the first intraperitoneal cerulein injection. These results indicate that tissue imbalances of the offense system, indicated by changes in the level of LPO, and of the defense system, indicated by changes in the levels of SOD and CAT, might result in the development of tissue damage induced by oxygen

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200487

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients diagnosed as having chronic chagasic esophagopathy were divided into three groups on the basis of radiologic findings: group I, no dilation; group II, moderate dilation, and group III, extensive dilation. Stasis esophagitis was more frequent in group III, with a significant increase in basal layer thickness when compared with groups I and II. The pathogenesis of basal layer hyperplasia may have been due to stasis of ingested food and to myenteric denervation of the viscera. This hyperplasia may be an intermediate condition explaining the higher frequency of cancer among patients with chagasic megaesophagus.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200488

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

N, N-diethyl-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]ethanamine HCl (DPPE) is an anti-histamine with a unique profile of activity in the stomach. It is antisecretory and blocks the formation of experimental cold/stress- and ethanol-induced gastric lesions, as well as cys-teamine-induced duodenal ulcers in a fashion more potent than observed with histamine H2 antagonists such as cimetidine. We now demonstrate that the antiulcer effects of DPPE are associated with a dramatic (10-fold) rise in the stable prostacyclin hydration product 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α in gastric secretion collected from conscious rats. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin and sodium meclofenamate abolish high-dose DPPE-induced gastroprotection, whereas sodium salicylate, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, does not. These data suggest that DPPE-induced gastroprotection is mediated, at least in part, through an increase in endogenous prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) synthesis in the gastric mucosa. These data are not consistent with an effect of DPPE primarily at the H2 receptor, but are consistent with the recent suggestion that DPPE antagonizes histamine at H1c, an intracellular histamine site

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200489

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The nucleocapsid of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an efficient immunogen in activating T cells to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in patients with chronic HBV infection. We investigated hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg)-specific T cell recognition, which seems to be implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease. IFN-γ production by peripheral-blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic HBV infection [25 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 14 asymptomatic carriers of HBV (ASCs)] was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P19 polypeptide, which is derived from recombinant HBcAg particle (rHBcAg), increased IFN-γ production in patients with CAH, but its effect was weaker than that of rHBcAg. P19 had no stimulating effect on T cells from ASCs. The fine specificity of T cell recognition of HBcAg was examined using 8 kinds of synthetic peptides. T cells from the patients who responded against P19 polypeptide recognized the sites within the common sequences of HBcAg and HBeAg (p72–90, P90–99, P108–122 and P126–146). These results suggest that HBcAg and P19 are cross-reactive at the T cell level, and that these T cells recognize the sites within the common sequences of HBcAg and HBeAg in HBV-infect

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200490

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 6 healthy volunteers we investigated the effect of secretin and peptide YY (PYY) on gastric acid secretion stimulated by pentagastrin (100 ng/kg/h). Secretin (0.05 CU/ kg/h) and PYY (10.0 pmol/kg/h) were given intravenously either alone or in combination. Given alone secretin and PYY inhibited gastric acid output by 25 and 21 %, respectively. The combined infusion of secretin and PYY inhibited acid output by 38% indicating an additive effect. The infusion of one hormone did not influence release of the other. It is suggested that the interaction of PYY and secretin on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in normal man is of the additive type.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200491

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion by peripheral blood and tissue-fixed macrophages from patients with colorectal carcinoma was assessed. There was no significant difference between PGE2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells between patients with colorectal carcinoma and normal controls. However, secretion of PGE2 by tissue-fixed macrophages from within the colorectal carcinomata in response to opsonised zymosan was significantly higher than in the uninvolved colonic tissue. PGE2 production by tissue-fixed macrophages from within colonic polyps was found to be normal. These results could not be explained on the basis of increased availability of substrate arachidonic acid since addition of excess arachidonic acid resulted in similar findings. The enhanced production of PGE2 correlated with Dukes staging but not the level of differentiation. The production of PGE2 from epithelial cells in response to ionophore A23187 was not significantly enhanced. Leukotriene B4 secretion by intestinal macrophages in response to opsonised zymosan was not significantly elevated in the colonic tumour tissue. Modulation of levels of prostaglandin production within colonic tumours may play a role in the rate of growth and vascularity of these tumours and in the regulation of the local immune response to malignancy.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200492

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Among 530 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute hepatitis in the years 1986–1988 cytomegalovirus infection was diagnosed in 5 (0.9%). All 5 patients had symptomatic hepatitis with jaundice, 3 had pruritus. Hematological changes were relatively mild and liver function tests were not essentially different from those found in patients with hepatitis A, B, or non-A, non-B. All biochemical abnormalities returned to normal within 3–5 we

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200493

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Soluble peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complexes (PPC) isolated from feces of a healthy subject shared antigens with 22 out of 40 anaerobic intestinal bacteria and, therefore, these could be considered as flora derived. IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies against PPC were found in sera from healthy subjects, patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and other patients. In sera of CD patients with agglutinating antibodies to 4 anaerobic intestinal bacteria (used as an aid for diagnosis of CD) IgG and IgA levels to PPC were higher than in CD patients without these antibodie

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200494

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger