摘要:

In 30 healthy subjects distension of the antrum by a 150-cm3 balloon reduced the acid and volume responses to submaximal stimulation achieved by a continuous intravenous infusion of pentagastrin. The inhibition persisted during perfusion of the stomach with alkaline buffer. The plasma somatostatin concentration did not increase during distension and no somatostatin was detected in the gastric contents. Balloon distension of the antrum during laparotomy did not affect the concentration of somatostatin and gastrin in portal blood in patients with gallbladder disease or duodenal ulcer. The results confirm that antral distension stimulates acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients without involvement of the gastrin mechanism. Moreover, the inhibition of acid secretion by antral distension in healthy subjects is independent of luminal pH and does not appear to be mediated by somatostatin.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198542

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Recently, the presence of acinar cell antibodies (ACA) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in acute and/or chronic pancreatitis have been discussed in the light of an immunological pathogenesis of pancreatitis. In the present study sera of 109 patients with pancreatic diseases were scanned for ACA and ANA which were found in 5 and 16 patients, respectively. The frequency of ACA and ANA was similar in patients with pancreatitis of known and unknown aetiology. In conclusion, the presence of ACA and ANA seems to be rather an epiphenomenon than an index for a certain immunological aetiology of pancreatitis.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198543

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of coffee on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure (LOSP) and intra-oesophageal pH was assessed in 10 healthy volunteers, in the fasting state and after a standard Lundh test meal. LOSP was measured by the rapid pull-through technique. Coffee with or without milk has no significant effect on LOSP in the fasting subject. The Lundh meal alone (mean drop = 2.01 cm H2O), or when coffee with (mean drop – 1.80 cm H2O) or without milk (mean drop = 3.47 cm H2O) was taken after it, produced a significant drop in LOSP. Heartburn following coffee does not appear to be due to an effect of coffee on the lower oesophageal sphincter but is more likely due to the effect of a previous meal on sphincter pressure with associated acid reflu

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198544

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of feeding an α-amylase inhibitor (BAY e 4609, 700 mg/l00 g food) for 20 or 90 days on the enzymes of the exocrine pancreas of the rat was investigated. The amylase inhibitor-fed rats gained significantly less weight despite a higher food intake than control rats on a standard diet. Fecal weight increased threefold. Pancreatic wet weight, pancreatic DNA, protein and insulin concentrations were not influenced. The amylase content of the pancreas was significantly diminished compared with controls. The trypsin level increased and the changes in the amount of lipase were not significant. Also in response to an infusion of 15 or 60 IU CCK/kg/h combined with 0.5 clinical units of secretin/kg/h amylase secretion was significantly diminished after both feeding periods compared with controls, while trypsin output increased as did the output of lipase to a lesser extent. The enzyme pattern of the pancreatic juice reverted to normal when the animals consumed the control diet again. Gut weight and length increased significantly in the experimental animals. It is concluded that the changes in the pancreatic enzymes are induced by altered food intake. The amylase inhibitor prevents the digestion of starch and by this carbohydrate absorption. As a consequence, hyperphagia develops resulting in an increased protein and fat intake. Unlike trypsin a negative feedback regulation does not exist between α-amylase concentration in the gut and pancreatic enzyme secretio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198545

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hamster intestinal hydrolase activities were studied after pancreatic duct ligation for periods of 5, 7, 10, 15 and 30 days. From the 7th to the 10th day, maltase and sucrase were significantly increased in the jejunoileum. Higher levels were observed on day 7 in the duodenum for all the brush-border enzyme activities (maltase, sucrase, aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase). Intestinal lysozyme significantly increased from the 5th to the 15th day with a maximal level at the 7th day. The increased levels of brush-border enzymes observed here are not in accordance with our description of villous atrophy after pancreatic duct ligation in the hamster. On the other hand, the important increase in lysozyme activity is in good agreement with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the Paneth cells which we observed during our morphological study. The morphological and biochemical findings on hamster small intestine confirm the effects of exocrine pancreatic secretion both on differentiation and on enzymatic levels of the mucosa. Besides, this experiment agrees with the direct desorbing action of the pancreatic juice on the brush border and suggests another hypothetical mechanism, still worth being investigated, to explain increased brush-border activities in the duodenum and increased levels of lysozyme in the jejunoileum.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198546

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193155

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

5 adrenalectomized subjects and 8 healthy volunteers underwent an insulin test during which acid secretion and plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and gastrin concentrations were measured. Plasma glucose concentration fell by > 50% in all subjects. The mean plasma adrenaline concentration increased markedly ( > 1,000%) in the normal group but was unchanged in the adrenalectomized group. In all subjects, plasma noradrenaline concentration increased moderately, whereas plasma dopamine levels remained unchanged. Clear-cut increments in plasma gastrin concentration were seen only in 3 participants, each of whom responded to insulin hypoglycaemia with an extremely high adrenaline release. Basal and peak acid output were similar in adrenalectomized and normal subjects. The results suggest that circulating catecholamines contribute to the control of gastrin and acid secretion in man only during circumstances with high plasma catecholamine levels, e.g. severe stress.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198547

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193156

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of guaran on intestinal surface hydrolases was studied in everted jejunal segments by measuring the hydrolysis of maltose and phenylalanylglycine. On the basis of kinetic experiments, guaran was found to inhibit competitively the hydrolysis of these substrates only if the cleavage was performed with intact tissue. Hydrolysis in mucosal homogenates was not affected by guaran, indicating that this polysaccharide may increase the diffusion barrier overlaying the mucosa and thus may retard final digestion of carbohydrates and peptides.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198548

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bombesin, administered by the intraperitoneal route, delayed gastric emptying in conscious rats in a dose-dependent fashion (1 –16 μg/kg). This effect is unlikely to depend on systemic effects of the peptide and is most probably connected with the direct spasmogenic action on the gastroduodenal junction already pinpointed in previous investigatio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198549

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger