摘要:

γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity was determined in serum and liver tissue obtained by needle biopsy in 104 patients with viral hepatic disease. The liver GGT activity in these patients was significantly greater than that in the controls. The tissue GGT activity was also significantly greater in the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis than in the patients with acute viral hepatitis or posthepatitic cirrhosis. The serum and tissue GGTs in the patients with non-A, non-B chronic active hepatitis were significantly greater than those in the patients with B-related chronic active hepatitis. The increased serum GGT is due to the synthesis of the enzyme in liver tissue and its release in viral hepatic disease

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Reports on the effects of somatostatin on hepatic haemodynamics in the cirrhotic patient have provided conflicting results. Therefore, we studied the effects of different modes and rates of somatostatin administration on hepatic haemodynamcis in the cirrhotic rat. Portal pressure (PP), wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP), portal venous flow (PVF), liver blood flow (LBF) and systemic blood pressure were measured in rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhosis. Somatostatin was administered as a rapid injection, a continuous infusion or as a bolus dose followed by a constant infusion. One group of rats with a previously constructed portacaval shunt received a bolus dose of somatostatin followed by a constant infusion. A rapid injection of somatostatin was attended by a rapid and significant fall in all the haemodynamic parameters measured (p < 0.01). Continuous infusion of somatostatin [4 or 8 μg/kg body weight (BW) h] resulted in a gradual but significant reduction in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF (p < 0.05), but had no effect on systemic blood pressure. A bolus dose of somatostatin (2, 4 or 8 μg/kg BW over 2 min) resulted in a rapid decrease in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF (p < 0.01), the decreases being maintained by continuous infusion. In rats with a portacaval shunt a bolus dose of somatostatin (8 μg/kg BW) resulted in a rapid fall in WHVP and LBF, the decrease being maintained by a continuous infusion (8 μg/kg BW/h). We conclude that in the cirrhotic rat, (1) a bolus dose of somatostatin followed by a continuous infusion is more effective than a continuous infusion in producing and maintaining a significant reduction in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF; (2) somatostatin has little effect on systemic blood pressure unless it is administered very rapidly; (3) previous conflicting reports on the effects of somatostatin on hepatic haemodynamics in the cirrhotic patient may be related to the rate or mode of administration of the horm

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199291

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fourteen patients with suspected chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (CAP) and 21 patients who had been shown to have the disease were followed up by the pancreozymin-secretin test in order to clarify the serial changes in exocrine pancreatic function in alcoholic pancreatitis. The initial and final test data for secretory volume, maximal bicarbonate concentration, bicarbonate output (BO), and amylase output (AmO) of exocrine secretion were compared in these two groups. Patients with suspected CAP showed a significant serial decrease only in AmO; definite CAP developed in 3 of them during the follow-up period. In definite CAP, a significantly progressive decrease in BO as well as AMO was observed. It is suggested that in the earlier stage of CAP, AMO is initially affected, whereas decreased secretion of both bicarbonate and enzyme becomes apparent in the later stage.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of sucralfate on the viscosity of pig gastric mucus and on its ability to retard the diffusion of hydrogen ion was investigated. Using a cone/plate viscometer at shear rates between 1.15 and 230 s-1, it was found that preincubation of mucus with increasing concentrations of sucralfate led to a gradual enhancement of the mucus viscosity. This enhancement in viscosity was proportional to the sucralfate concentration up to 1.0 × 10-4M and increased about 18% for each 10-fold increment in its concentration. The permeability measurements, conducted in a specially designed two compartment chamber, revealed that addition of sucralfate to gastric mucus had a profound beneficiary effect on its ability to retard the diffusion of hydrogen ion. In the presence of 1.0 × 10-6M sucralfate the permeability of mucus to hydrogen ion decreased by 35%, while the 1.0 × 10-3M sucralfate reduced the mucus permeability by 68%. The results show that sucralfate increases the viscosity of gastric mucus and improves its ability to impede the hydrogen ion penetrati

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199286

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Plasma neurotensin (NT) response to a simple fatty meal, administered via an indwelling naso-gastric tube, has been assessed in two groups of subjects following gastric surgery without resection, and in healthy controls. Two region-specific NT antisera were employed in the radioimmunoassay (RIA) of plasma samples. The first, NT3, recognises only NT 1–13 in plasma extracts, while the second, GNT 21, recognises NT 1–13, NT 1–11 and NT 1–8 equally. In addition, plasma extracts were subjected to reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, fractions from which were subjected to each region-specific RIA. There was no significant response to the test meal in the healthy controls. However, both groups of post-gastric surgery subjects, who had undergone either vagotomy and pyloroplasty (V & P) or vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy (V & GJ), displayed significant increases in both intact and N-terminal plasma NT immunoreactivity (IR). The integrated responses of the V & P and V & GJ groups were also significantly higher than the control response but did not differ significantly from one another. The proportion of intact NT to total N-terminal NT-IR in each group was not significantly di

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199287

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Liver blood flow (xenon-133 clearance method) and wedged hepatic venous pressure were studied in cirrhotic rats immediately after and 3 weeks following portacaval shunting (PCS), PCS and arterialisation of the portal stump with the left gastric artery (PCS-ART) or sham operation. Liver weight and function were compared 3 weeks after operation. Liver blood flow and wedged hepatic venous pressure were significantly reduced immediately after and 3 weeks following PCS. PCS-ART maintained liver blood flow and wedged hepatic venous pressure within the pre-operative range and prevented the liver atrophy and deterioration in liver function observed in rats with PCS. The results suggest that arterialisation of the portal vein with an artery which does not significantly increase sinusoidal pressure may be of benefit in preventing the early undersirable sequelae of PCS in man.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199288

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Elevated values of pancreatic-type amylase activity in serum were found in 59% of patients with liver cirrhosis not complicated with renal failure, in 67% of patients with chronic renal failure not complicated with hepatopathy and in 95% of patients with chronic renal failure complicated with hepatopathy. In all the three groups, a significant positive correlation was found between the pancreatic-type amylase and intestinal isoenzyme of serum alkaline phosphatase which is an asialoglycoprotein. However, in pancreatitis a prevalence of an increase in pancreatic-type amylase with respect to intestinal alkaline phosphatase was found. A multivariate analysis showed that in chronic renal failure not complicated with hepatopathy, and in chronic renal failure complicated with chronic liver disease, the changes in calcium homeostasis and also the liver disorder, respectively, contribute significantly to the above-normal values for pancreatic-type amylase.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199289

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 16-years-old male with a history of Job’s syndrome and a recent diagnosis of Crohn’s disease was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain, nonbloody diarrhea, weakness, and fever. Due to failure to respond to medical therapy it was decided that an operation was indicated, and resection of the terminal ileum and right colon was performed. Cecum and ileum were inflamed, and pathologic studies revealed the presence of budding yeasts which on special stain were diagnostic of Histoplasma species. Successful management was accomplished with oral ketoconaz

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199290

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger